Physics of the Body

* Terminology, Modeling, and Measurement Energy, Heat, Work, andPower of the Body * Conservation of Energy in the Body* Energy Changes in the Body* Work and Power* Heat Losses from the Body* Muscle and Forces* How Forces Affect the Body* Frictional Forces* Forces, Muscles, and Joints* Forces During Collisions* Physics in Teeth* Physics of the Skeleton* The Composition of Bone* The Strength of Bones* Lubrication of Bone Joints* Measurement of Bone Mineral in the Body* Pressure in the Body* Measurement of Pressure in the Body* Pressure Inside the Skull* Pressure in the Eye* Pressure in the Digestive System* Pressure (Stress) in the Skeleton* Pressure in the Urinary Bladder* Pressure Effects While Diving* Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HOT)* Osmosis and the Kidneys by Russell K. Hobbie* How Substances Are Transported in Fluids* How Substances are Transported Through Membranes* Regulation of the Interstitial Fluid* The Kidney* The Artificial Kidney* Physics of the Lungs and Breathing* The Airways* How the Blood and Lungs Interact* Measurement of Lung Volumes* Pressure-Airflow-Volume Relationships of the Lungs* Physics of the Alveoli* The Breathing Mechanism* Airway Resistance* The Work of Breathing* Physics of Some Common Lung Diseases* Physics of the Cardiovascular System* Major Components of the Cardiovascular System* O2 and CO2 Exchange in the Capillary System* Work Done by the Heart* Blood Pressure and Its Measurement* Pressure Across the Blood Vessel Wall (Transmural Pressure)* Bernoulli's Principle Applied to the Cardiovascular System* How Fast Does your Blood Flow?* Blood Flow---Laminar and Turbulent* Heart Sounds* The Physics of Some Cardiovascular Diseases* Some Other Functions of the Blood* Electrical Signals From the Body* The Nervous System and the Neuron* Electric Potentials of Nerves* Electrical Signals from Muscles---The Electromyogram* Electrical Signals from the Heart---The Electrocardiogram* Electrical Signals from the Brain---The Electroencephalogram* Electrical Signals from the Eye---The Electroretinogram and theElectroculogram* Magnetic Signals from the Heart and Brain---The Magnetocardiogram andthe Magnetoencephalogram* Current Research Involving Electricity in the Body* Sound and Speech* General Properties of Sound* The Body as a Drum* The Stethoscope* The Production of Speech* Physics of the Ear and Hearing* The Ear and Hearing* The Outer Ear* The Middle Ear* The Eustachian Tubes* The Inner Ear* Hair Cells Play the Dominant Role in the Detection of Sound* Sensitivity of the Ears* Testing Your hearing* Deafness and Hearing Aids* The Vestibular Sense System---Our Hidden Sense of Balance* Physics of the Eyes and Vision* Focusing Elements of the Eye* Some Other Elements of the Eye* The Retina---The Light Detector of the Eye * The Threshold of Vision* Diffraction Effects on the Eye* Visual Acuity---How Sharp Are Your Eyes?* Optical Illusions and Related Phenomena* Defective Vision and Its Correction* Color Vision and Chromatic Aberration* Instruments Used in Ophthalmology* General and Chapter References* Appendix A---Standard Man* Appendix B---Exponential Behavior and Logarithms* Index