Elite sports policies: An international comparative perspective | p. 13 |
Rationale and problem definition | p. 13 |
Establishment and organisation of the research project | p. 14 |
Funding of the research | p. 15 |
Objectives of the research | p. 16 |
Report structure | p. 16 |
Theoretical model of factors determining international sporting success | p. 17 |
Classification of factors leading to international sporting success | p. 17 |
Methodology | p. 25 |
Introduction | p. 26 |
Research protocol | p. 27 |
Methodological limitations | p. 28 |
The profile of the sample of athletes | p. 31 |
The profile of the sample of coaches | p. 32 |
The profile of the sample of Performance Directors | p. 33 |
The representativeness of the samples | p. 34 |
Summary Points | p. 35 |
Measuring the success of nations in elite sport | p. 36 |
Introduction | p. 36 |
The nature of the summer Olympic Games | p. 37 |
Evidence of increasing competition? | p. 41 |
Measuring performance in the Olympic Games | p. 47 |
Developing market share - the world sporting index | p. 58 |
Regression analysis | p. 63 |
The Winter Olympic Games | p. 64 |
Alternative measures of performance | p. 66 |
Measuring the financial efficiency of success | p. 68 |
Conclusions | p. 72 |
A Comparative analysis of elite sports systems in the six sample nations | p. 75 |
Pillar 1: Financial support | p. 76 |
Concept and definition | p. 77 |
Key findings | p. 78 |
Pillar 2: Integrated approach to policy development | p. 80 |
Concept and definition | p. 81 |
Key findings | p. 83 |
Pillar 3: Participation in sport (organised and unorganised) | p. 83 |
Concept and definition | p. 87 |
Key findings | p. 87 |
Pillar 4: Talent identification and development system | p. 90 |
Concept and definition | p. 91 |
Key findings | p. 91 |
Pillar 5: Athletic and post career support | p. 98 |
Key findings | p. 99 |
Pillar 6: Training facilities | p. 106 |
Concept and definition | p. 107 |
Key findings | p. 107 |
Pillar 7: Coaching provision and coach development | p. 110 |
Concept and definition | p. 111 |
Key findings | p. 111 |
Pillar 8: International competition | p. 114 |
Concept and definition | p. 115 |
Key findings | p. 115 |
Pillar 9: Scientific research | p. 118 |
Concept and definition | p. 119 |
Key findings | p. 119 |
Photo & Illustration Credits | p. 176 |
Key Findings | p. 122 |
The global context | p. 122 |
Performance in sport | p. 124 |
Performance against the nine pillars | p. 125 |
Key conclusions | p. 130 |
Reference List | p. 135 |
Responses by Nation and by Sport for Athletes, Coaches and Performance Directors | p. 140 |
The Methodology Used for the Development of the Scoring System: A Case Study of one Pillar | p. 146 |
Background Information on Sports Policy and Structures in the Participating Nations | p. 152 |
Total National Expenditure on Sport (2003) | p. 167 |
Total National Expenditure on Elite Sport (2003) | p. 168 |
Financial Support for National Governing Bodies (2003) | p. 169 |
Financial Support for Athletes | p. 170 |
Radar Graphs for (other) Sample Nations Based on Table 6.3 | p. 171 |
List of Tables | |
Athletes' response rate by nation | p. 31 |
Profile of athlete respondents | p. 31 |
Coaches' response rate by nation | p. 32 |
Profile of coach respondents | p. 32 |
Profile of Performance Director respondents | p. 33 |
The representativeness of the samples | p. 34 |
Data summary | p. 35 |
Medals won by former Soviet Union (USSR) nations 1988-2004 | p. 41 |
Olympic Games - Boxing Qualification Quotas | p. 45 |
Excerpt from Athens 2004 medal table (a) | p. 47 |
Excerpt from Athens 2004 medal table (b) | p. 48 |
(4.4 Modified): Excerpt from Athens 2004 medal table (b) | p. 49 |
Great Britain's standardised performance using market share | p. 51 |
Relative rankings of sample nations 1988 - 2004 | p. 53 |
Resources available to the sample nations and performance diagnosis | p. 54 |
Conflicting measures of performance | p. 56 |
Change in performance 2000 - 2004 by measure type | p. 56 |
UK Sport Sporting Index applied to tennis | p. 58 |
The top 10 nations in the World Index 2004 | p. 59 |
The sample nations 2000 - 2004 | p. 60 |
The relative performance of sample nations by index type | p. 61 |
UK Sport Sporting Index v Canadian Equivalent | p. 62 |
Results of the regression analysis base on population and GDP / capita | p. 63 |
Relative rankings of sample nations 1992-2006 | p. 65 |
Funding and medals won by UK Sport-funded Olympic Sports (2004) | p. 69 |
Table 4.18 applied to Flanders | p. 69 |
Cost of medal points won by UK Sport-funded sports (2004) | p. 70 |
The efficiency of investments in UK Sport-funded sports (2004) | p. 71 |
Characteristics of elite sport and study systems in secondary education in the sample nations | p. 92 |
Number of world top 8 and top 3 athletes in the sample nations | p. 100 |
Relative performance of sample nations in international sport | p. 124 |
The key to pillar rating charts | p. 125 |
SPLISS evaluation of policy factors | p. 126 |
Assessment by athletes and coaches | p. 127 |
List of Figures | |
Model showing the relationship between factors determining individual and national success | p. 17 |
SPLISS analytical model | p. 24 |
Elite athlete production as a process model | p. 36 |
The number of nations taking part in the Olympic Games 1896 - 2004 | p. 37 |
The number of athletes taking part in the Olympic Games 1948-2004 | p. 38 |
The number of sports contested at the Olympic Games 1896-2004 | p. 38 |
The growth in the number of events 1896-2004 | p. 39 |
The number and proportion of events contested by women athletes 1948-2004 | p. 39 |
The number of nations winning medals in the Olympic Games 1948-2004 | p. 40 |
Correlation between NOCs taking part and NOCs winning at least one medal | p. 42 |
Great Britain in the Summer Olympic Games 1948 - 2004 - Total Medals | p. 48 |
The Netherlands in the Summer Olympic Games 1948 - 2004 - Total Medals | p. 49 |
Sample nations in the Summer Olympic Games 1948 - 2004 - Total Points | p. 50 |
SPLISS project partner nations 1948 - 2004 - Market Share | p. 51 |
SPLISS project other nations 1948 - 2004 - Market Share | p. 52 |
SPLISS project all sample nations 1988-2004 - Market Share | p. 53 |
Market Share for the Netherlands | p. 55 |
SPLISS sample nations market share in Winter Olympics 1992-2006 | p. 64 |
Italy v Great Britain in the Olympic medal table 1948 - 2004 | p. 67 |
Percentage of athletes, national governing bodies and coaches indicating that sufficient support is offered to talented young athletes | p. 96 |
Income from sport activities | p. 103 |
The proportion of athletes rating quality and availability of training facilities satisfactory/good | p. 109 |
Satisfaction on participation in international competitions | p. 116 |
Change in expenditure on elite sport from 1999 - 2003 | p. 122 |
Change in market share between Sydney 2000 and Athens 2004 | p. 123 |
Radar graph for the UK | p. 128 |
Radar graph for Flanders | p. 129 |
Radar graphs for Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, Canada and Wallonia - appendix Comparative analysis (traffic lights) and list of criteria | |
Financial support | p. 76 |
Integrated approach to policy development | p. 80 |
Sport participation | p. 86 |
Talent identification and development system | p. 90 |
Athletic and post athletic career support | p. 98 |
Training facilities | p. 106 |
Coaching provision and coach development | p. 110 |
International competition | p. 114 |
Scientific research | p. 118 |
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