| Elite sports policies: An international comparative perspective | p. 13 |
| Rationale and problem definition | p. 13 |
| Establishment and organisation of the research project | p. 14 |
| Funding of the research | p. 15 |
| Objectives of the research | p. 16 |
| Report structure | p. 16 |
| Theoretical model of factors determining international sporting success | p. 17 |
| Classification of factors leading to international sporting success | p. 17 |
| Methodology | p. 25 |
| Introduction | p. 26 |
| Research protocol | p. 27 |
| Methodological limitations | p. 28 |
| The profile of the sample of athletes | p. 31 |
| The profile of the sample of coaches | p. 32 |
| The profile of the sample of Performance Directors | p. 33 |
| The representativeness of the samples | p. 34 |
| Summary Points | p. 35 |
| Measuring the success of nations in elite sport | p. 36 |
| Introduction | p. 36 |
| The nature of the summer Olympic Games | p. 37 |
| Evidence of increasing competition? | p. 41 |
| Measuring performance in the Olympic Games | p. 47 |
| Developing market share - the world sporting index | p. 58 |
| Regression analysis | p. 63 |
| The Winter Olympic Games | p. 64 |
| Alternative measures of performance | p. 66 |
| Measuring the financial efficiency of success | p. 68 |
| Conclusions | p. 72 |
| A Comparative analysis of elite sports systems in the six sample nations | p. 75 |
| Pillar 1: Financial support | p. 76 |
| Concept and definition | p. 77 |
| Key findings | p. 78 |
| Pillar 2: Integrated approach to policy development | p. 80 |
| Concept and definition | p. 81 |
| Key findings | p. 83 |
| Pillar 3: Participation in sport (organised and unorganised) | p. 83 |
| Concept and definition | p. 87 |
| Key findings | p. 87 |
| Pillar 4: Talent identification and development system | p. 90 |
| Concept and definition | p. 91 |
| Key findings | p. 91 |
| Pillar 5: Athletic and post career support | p. 98 |
| Key findings | p. 99 |
| Pillar 6: Training facilities | p. 106 |
| Concept and definition | p. 107 |
| Key findings | p. 107 |
| Pillar 7: Coaching provision and coach development | p. 110 |
| Concept and definition | p. 111 |
| Key findings | p. 111 |
| Pillar 8: International competition | p. 114 |
| Concept and definition | p. 115 |
| Key findings | p. 115 |
| Pillar 9: Scientific research | p. 118 |
| Concept and definition | p. 119 |
| Key findings | p. 119 |
| Photo & Illustration Credits | p. 176 |
| Key Findings | p. 122 |
| The global context | p. 122 |
| Performance in sport | p. 124 |
| Performance against the nine pillars | p. 125 |
| Key conclusions | p. 130 |
| Reference List | p. 135 |
| Responses by Nation and by Sport for Athletes, Coaches and Performance Directors | p. 140 |
| The Methodology Used for the Development of the Scoring System: A Case Study of one Pillar | p. 146 |
| Background Information on Sports Policy and Structures in the Participating Nations | p. 152 |
| Total National Expenditure on Sport (2003) | p. 167 |
| Total National Expenditure on Elite Sport (2003) | p. 168 |
| Financial Support for National Governing Bodies (2003) | p. 169 |
| Financial Support for Athletes | p. 170 |
| Radar Graphs for (other) Sample Nations Based on Table 6.3 | p. 171 |
| List of Tables | |
| Athletes' response rate by nation | p. 31 |
| Profile of athlete respondents | p. 31 |
| Coaches' response rate by nation | p. 32 |
| Profile of coach respondents | p. 32 |
| Profile of Performance Director respondents | p. 33 |
| The representativeness of the samples | p. 34 |
| Data summary | p. 35 |
| Medals won by former Soviet Union (USSR) nations 1988-2004 | p. 41 |
| Olympic Games - Boxing Qualification Quotas | p. 45 |
| Excerpt from Athens 2004 medal table (a) | p. 47 |
| Excerpt from Athens 2004 medal table (b) | p. 48 |
| (4.4 Modified): Excerpt from Athens 2004 medal table (b) | p. 49 |
| Great Britain's standardised performance using market share | p. 51 |
| Relative rankings of sample nations 1988 - 2004 | p. 53 |
| Resources available to the sample nations and performance diagnosis | p. 54 |
| Conflicting measures of performance | p. 56 |
| Change in performance 2000 - 2004 by measure type | p. 56 |
| UK Sport Sporting Index applied to tennis | p. 58 |
| The top 10 nations in the World Index 2004 | p. 59 |
| The sample nations 2000 - 2004 | p. 60 |
| The relative performance of sample nations by index type | p. 61 |
| UK Sport Sporting Index v Canadian Equivalent | p. 62 |
| Results of the regression analysis base on population and GDP / capita | p. 63 |
| Relative rankings of sample nations 1992-2006 | p. 65 |
| Funding and medals won by UK Sport-funded Olympic Sports (2004) | p. 69 |
| Table 4.18 applied to Flanders | p. 69 |
| Cost of medal points won by UK Sport-funded sports (2004) | p. 70 |
| The efficiency of investments in UK Sport-funded sports (2004) | p. 71 |
| Characteristics of elite sport and study systems in secondary education in the sample nations | p. 92 |
| Number of world top 8 and top 3 athletes in the sample nations | p. 100 |
| Relative performance of sample nations in international sport | p. 124 |
| The key to pillar rating charts | p. 125 |
| SPLISS evaluation of policy factors | p. 126 |
| Assessment by athletes and coaches | p. 127 |
| List of Figures | |
| Model showing the relationship between factors determining individual and national success | p. 17 |
| SPLISS analytical model | p. 24 |
| Elite athlete production as a process model | p. 36 |
| The number of nations taking part in the Olympic Games 1896 - 2004 | p. 37 |
| The number of athletes taking part in the Olympic Games 1948-2004 | p. 38 |
| The number of sports contested at the Olympic Games 1896-2004 | p. 38 |
| The growth in the number of events 1896-2004 | p. 39 |
| The number and proportion of events contested by women athletes 1948-2004 | p. 39 |
| The number of nations winning medals in the Olympic Games 1948-2004 | p. 40 |
| Correlation between NOCs taking part and NOCs winning at least one medal | p. 42 |
| Great Britain in the Summer Olympic Games 1948 - 2004 - Total Medals | p. 48 |
| The Netherlands in the Summer Olympic Games 1948 - 2004 - Total Medals | p. 49 |
| Sample nations in the Summer Olympic Games 1948 - 2004 - Total Points | p. 50 |
| SPLISS project partner nations 1948 - 2004 - Market Share | p. 51 |
| SPLISS project other nations 1948 - 2004 - Market Share | p. 52 |
| SPLISS project all sample nations 1988-2004 - Market Share | p. 53 |
| Market Share for the Netherlands | p. 55 |
| SPLISS sample nations market share in Winter Olympics 1992-2006 | p. 64 |
| Italy v Great Britain in the Olympic medal table 1948 - 2004 | p. 67 |
| Percentage of athletes, national governing bodies and coaches indicating that sufficient support is offered to talented young athletes | p. 96 |
| Income from sport activities | p. 103 |
| The proportion of athletes rating quality and availability of training facilities satisfactory/good | p. 109 |
| Satisfaction on participation in international competitions | p. 116 |
| Change in expenditure on elite sport from 1999 - 2003 | p. 122 |
| Change in market share between Sydney 2000 and Athens 2004 | p. 123 |
| Radar graph for the UK | p. 128 |
| Radar graph for Flanders | p. 129 |
| Radar graphs for Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, Canada and Wallonia - appendix Comparative analysis (traffic lights) and list of criteria | |
| Financial support | p. 76 |
| Integrated approach to policy development | p. 80 |
| Sport participation | p. 86 |
| Talent identification and development system | p. 90 |
| Athletic and post athletic career support | p. 98 |
| Training facilities | p. 106 |
| Coaching provision and coach development | p. 110 |
| International competition | p. 114 |
| Scientific research | p. 118 |
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