Quick Checklist | p. xi |
General Editors' Preface | p. xiii |
Preface | p. xiv |
Acknowledgements | p. xvi |
Overview of Vocabulary Issues | |
Vocabulary Use and Acquisition | p. 3 |
Ten key issues | p. 3 |
Vocabulary is an important component of language use | p. 3 |
A large vocabulary is required for language use | p. 6 |
Formulaic language is as important as individual words | p. 8 |
Corpus analysis is an important research tool | p. 12 |
Vocabulary knowledge is a rich and complex construct | p. 15 |
Vocabulary learning is incremental in nature | p. 19 |
Vocabulary attrition and long-term retention | p. 23 |
Vocabulary form is important | p. 24 |
Recognizing the importance of the L1 in vocabulary studies | p. 25 |
Engagement is a critical factor in vocabulary acquisition | p. 26 |
Vocabulary and reading | p. 29 |
A sample of prominent knowledge gaps in the field of vocabulary studies | p. 35 |
Foundations of Vocabulary Research | |
Issues of Vocabulary Acquisition and Use | p. 47 |
Form-meaning relationships | p. 49 |
Single orthographic words and multi-word items | p. 49 |
Formal similarity | p. 50 |
Synonymy and homonymy | p. 52 |
Learning new form and meaning versus 'relabelling' | p. 52 |
Meaning | p. 52 |
Imageability and concreteness | p. 53 |
Literal and idiomatic meaning | p. 53 |
Multiple meaning senses | p. 54 |
Content versus function words | p. 54 |
Intrinsic difficulty | p. 55 |
Network connections (associations) | p. 58 |
Frequency | p. 63 |
The importance of frequency in lexical studies | p. 63 |
Frequency and other word knowledge aspects | p. 64 |
L1/L2 frequency | p. 66 |
Subjective and objective estimates of frequency | p. 67 |
Frequency levels | p. 68 |
Obtaining frequency information | p. 70 |
L1 influence on vocabulary learning | p. 71 |
Describing different types of vocabulary | p. 75 |
Receptive and productive mastery | p. 79 |
Vocabulary learning strategies/self-regulating behavior | p. 89 |
Computer simulations of vocabulary | p. 97 |
Psycholinguistic/neurolinguistic research | p. 105 |
Formulaic Language | p. 117 |
Identification | p. 120 |
Strength of association - hypothesis tests | p. 124 |
Strength of association - mutual information | p. 130 |
A directional measure of collocation | p. 131 |
Formulaic language with open slots | p. 132 |
Processing formulaic language | p. 134 |
Acquisition of formulaic language | p. 136 |
The psycholinguistic reality of corpus-extracted formulaic sequences | p. 141 |
Nonnative use of formulaic language | p. 142 |
Researching Vocabulary | |
Issues in Research Methodology | p. 149 |
Qualitative research | p. 149 |
Participants | p. 150 |
The need for multiple measures of vocabulary | p. 152 |
The need for longitudinal studies and delayed posttests | p. 155 |
Selection of target lexical items | p. 158 |
Sample size of lexical items | p. 164 |
Interpreting and reporting results | p. 166 |
Measuring Vocabulary | p. 173 |
Global measurement issues | p. 173 |
Issues in writing vocabulary items | p. 174 |
Determining pre-existing vocabulary knowledge | p. 179 |
Validity and reliability of lexical measurement | p. 181 |
Placing cut-points in study | p. 187 |
Measuring vocabulary size | p. 187 |
Units of counting vocabulary | p. 188 |
Sampling from dictionaries or other references | p. 193 |
Recognition/receptive vocabulary size measures | p. 196 |
Recall/productive vocabulary size measures | p. 203 |
Measuring the quality (depth) of vocabulary knowledge | p. 216 |
Developmental approach | p. 217 |
Dimensions (components) approach | p. 224 |
Measuring automaticity/speed of processing | p. 242 |
Measuring organization | p. 247 |
Measuring attrition and degrees of residual lexical retention | p. 256 |
Example Research Projects | p. 260 |
Resources | |
Vocabulary resources | p. 279 |
Instruments | p. 279 |
Vocabulary levels test | p. 279 |
Vocabulary size test | p. 293 |
Meara's_lognostics measurement instruments | p. 306 |
Corpora | p. 307 |
Corpora representing general English (mainly written) | p. 309 |
Corpora representing spoken English | p. 320 |
Corpora representing national varieties of English | p. 323 |
Corpora representing academic/business English | p. 324 |
Corpora representing young native English | p. 325 |
Corpora representing learner English | p. 325 |
Corpora representing languages other than English | p. 326 |
Parallel corpora | p. 326 |
Monolingual corpora | p. 327 |
Corpus compilations | p. 331 |
Web-based sources of corpora | p. 333 |
Bibliographies concerning corpora | p. 335 |
Concordancers/tools | p. 335 |
Vocabulary lists | p. 345 |
Websites | p. 347 |
Bibliographies | p. 351 |
Important personalities in the field of vocabulary studies | p. 352 |
Notes | p. 359 |
References | p. 362 |
Index | p. 385 |
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