Important Biological Features | p. 1 |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Origins of the Sheep and Goat | p. 1 |
Breeds | p. 2 |
Behavior | p. 3 |
Anatomical and Physiological Features | p. 6 |
Dentition | p. 6 |
Skeleton | p. 7 |
Cutaneous Structures | p. 7 |
Gastrointestinal System | p. 8 |
Urogenital System | p. 9 |
Normative Values | p. 9 |
Husbandry | p. 13 |
Housing | p. 13 |
Environmental Conditions | p. 18 |
Environmental Enrichment | p. 19 |
Nutrition | p. 20 |
Bedding | p. 23 |
Sanitation | p. 23 |
Frequency | p. 23 |
Methods | p. 23 |
Quality Control | p. 24 |
Transportation | p. 25 |
Record Keeping | p. 27 |
Breeding | p. 29 |
Reproductive Cycle | p. 29 |
Estrus Detection | p. 31 |
Pregnancy | p. 31 |
Parturition | p. 32 |
Management of Neonatal Lambs and Kids | p. 32 |
Management | p. 35 |
Regulatory Agencies and Compliance | p. 35 |
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | p. 35 |
The National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service (PHS) | p. 36 |
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) | p. 36 |
Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International, Inc. (AAALAC) | p. 36 |
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) | p. 37 |
Sources of Small Ruminants | p. 39 |
Quarantine and Conditioning | p. 40 |
Occupational Health and Zoonotic Diseases | p. 42 |
Zoonotic Diseases of Small Ruminants | p. 43 |
Veterinary Care | p. 49 |
Basic Veterinary Supplies | p. 49 |
Physical Examination of Small Ruminants | p. 50 |
Condition Scores | p. 50 |
Head and Neck | p. 50 |
Thorax and Abdomen | p. 52 |
Fore and Hind Limbs | p. 54 |
Common Clinical Problems and their Treatment | p. 54 |
Pneumonia | p. 55 |
Diarrhea | p. 58 |
Clostridial Diseases | p. 61 |
Lameness | p. 62 |
Disorders of the Eye | p. 64 |
Diseases of the Urinary/Reproductive Tract | p. 66 |
Neurological Diseases | p. 69 |
Skin Diseases | p. 72 |
Nutritional/Metabolic Diseases | p. 75 |
General Approach to the Treatment and Control of Infectious Diseases in Small Ruminants | p. 77 |
Antimicrobial Therapy | p. 77 |
Vaccination Strategies for Small Ruminants | p. 79 |
Parasitic Diseases | p. 79 |
Anesthesia and Analgesia | p. 79 |
Principles of General Anesthesia | p. 80 |
Characteristics of Commonly Used Injectable Anesthetic Agents | p. 81 |
Principles of Gaseous Anesthesia | p. 83 |
Characteristics of Commonly Used Gaseous Anesthetic Agents | p. 86 |
Principles of Local Anesthesia | p. 87 |
Characteristics of Commonly Used Local Anesthetic Agents | p. 88 |
Sedation and Transquilization | p. 89 |
Analgesia | p. 89 |
Characteristics of Commonly Used Analgesic Agents | p. 90 |
Perianesthetic Management | p. 91 |
Potential Complications of Anesthesia in Small Ruminants | p. 95 |
Aseptic Surgery | p. 96 |
Postsurgical Management | p. 97 |
Euthanasia | p. 98 |
Disposal of Carcasses | p. 98 |
Experimental Methodology | p. 99 |
Handling | p. 99 |
Manual Restraint | p. 99 |
Mechanical Restraint | p. 100 |
Chemical Restraint | p. 101 |
Sampling Techniques | p. 101 |
Venous Blood | p. 101 |
Arterial Blood | p. 105 |
Urine | p. 105 |
Cerebrospinal Fluid | p. 106 |
Synovial Fluid | p. 108 |
Bone Marrow | p. 108 |
Rumenal Fluid | p. 108 |
Feces | p. 108 |
Bone | p. 109 |
Milk | p. 109 |
Administration of Medicines and Compounds | p. 110 |
Oral | p. 110 |
Parenteral | p. 112 |
Intraperitoneal | p. 116 |
Measurement of Body Temperature | p. 117 |
Polyclonal Antibody Production | p. 117 |
Evaluation of Medical Devices | p. 117 |
Necropsy | p. 118 |
Resources | p. 123 |
Organizations | p. 123 |
Publications | p. 126 |
Books | p. 126 |
Periodicals | p. 127 |
Electronic Resources | p. 128 |
Sources of Sheep and Goats as Laboratory Animals | p. 129 |
Feed | p. 130 |
Equipment | p. 131 |
Sanitation Supplies | p. 131 |
Cages and Research and Veterinary Supplies | p. 132 |
Contact Information for Cages, Research, and Veterinary Supplies | p. 132 |
Bibliography | p. 135 |
Index | p. 153 |
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