75th Conference on Glass Problems

Preface xi

Acknowledgments xiii

GLASS MELTING

Effect of Dissolved Water on Physical Properties of Soda-Lime- 3

Silicate Glasses
Udaya K. Vempati and Terence J. Clark

Comparison of SEM/EDX Analysis to Petrographic Techniques for 13

Identifying the Composition of Stones in Glass
Brian Collins, Gary Smay, and Henry Dimmick

FORMING

Multi Gob Weight Production 29
Xu Ding, Jonathan Simon, Angelo Dinitto, and Andreas Helfenstein

Closed Loop Control of Glass Container Forming 37
Jonathan Simon and Andreas Helfenstein

Hard Glass-Commercial Progress of Thermally Strengthened 55

Container Glass
Ken Bratton, Steven Brown, Tim Ringuette, and Dubravko Stuhne

ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL

Oxygen Enhanced NOx Reduction (OENR) Technology for Glass 69

Furnaces
J. Pedel, H. Kobayashi, J. de Diego Rincon, U. Iyoha, E. Evenson, G. Cnossen, and P. Zucca

U.S. Air Regulations Involving Glass Manufacturing 85
Steven B. Smith

New Combustion Technique for Reducing NOx and CO2 Emissions 93

from a Glass Furnace
R.S. Pont, N. Fricker, I. Alliat, Y. Agniel, and L. Kaya

Environment and Energy: Flue Gas Treatment and Production of 107

Electrical Power in the Glass Industry
Alessandro Monteforte and Francesco Zatti

OPTIMELT? Regenerative Thermo-Chemical Heat Recovery for 113

Oxy-Fuel Glass Furnaces
A. Gonzalez, E. Solorzano, C. Lagos, G. Lugo, S. Laux, K.T. Wu, R.L. Bell, A. Francis, and H. Kobayashi

REFRACTORIES

Wear of Basic Refractories in Glass Tank Regenerators 123
David J. Michael, H. Edward Wolfe, and Laura A. Lowe

Modern and Competitive Regenerator Designs for Glass Industry 143
Sebastien Bourdonnais

SENSORS AND CONTROL

Detection of Early Stage Glass Penetration and Weak Refractory 157

Spots on Furnace Walls
Yakup Bayram, Alexander C. Ruege, Eric K. Walton, Peter Hagan, Elmer Sperry, Dan Cetnar, Robert Burkholder, Gokhan Mumcu, and Steve Weiser

Fast and Objective Measurement of Residual Stresses in Glass 165
Henning Katte

Feeder Expert Control System for Improved Containers 177
Fred Aker

MODELING

3-D Transient Non-Isothermal CFD Modeling for Gob Formation 185
Jian Jiao, Oluyinka Bamiro, David Lewis, and Xuelei Zhu

Modeling of Heat Transfer and Gas Flows in Glass Furnace 201

Regenerators
Oscar Verheijen, Andries Habraken, and Heike Gramberg

Energy Analysis for Preheating and Modeling of Heat Transfer from 207

Flue Gas to a Granule
Liming Shi, Udaya Vempati, and Sutapa Bhaduri

Laboratory Facilities for Simulation of Essential Process Steps in 223

Industrial Glass Furnaces
Mathi Rongen, Mathieu Hubert, Penny Marson, Stef Lessmann, and Oscar Verheijen

Heat Transfer in Glass Quenching for Glass Tempering 235
Carlos J. Garciamoreno, David A. Everest, and Arvind Atreya

Author Index 253