A Classical Introduction to Cryptography

Preamble 1: Prehistory of Cryptography 1.1 Foundations of Conventional Cryptography 1.2 Roots of Modern Cryptography 1.3 The Shannon Theory of Secrecy 1.4 Exercises 2: Conventional Cryptography 2.1 The Data Encryption Standard (DES) 2.2 DES Modes of Operation 2.3 Multiple Encryption 2.4 An Application of DES: UNIX Passwords 2.5 Classical Cipher Skeletons 2.6 Other Block Cipher Examples 2.7 The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 2.8 Stream Ciphers 2.9 Brute Force Attacks 2.10 Exercises 3: Dedicated Conventional Cryptographic Primitives 3.1 Cryptographic Hashing 3.2 The Birthday Paradox 3.3 A Dedicated Attack on MD4 3.4 Message Authentication Codes 3.5 Cryptographic Pseudorandom Generators 3.6 Exercises 4: Conventional Security Analysis 4.1 Differential Cryptanalysis 4.2 Linear Cryptanalysis 4.3 Classical Security Strengthening 4.4 Modern Security Analysis 4.5 Exercises 5: Security Protocols with Conventional Cryptography 5.1 Password Access Control 5.2 Challenge-Response Protocols 5.3 One-Time Password 5.4 Key Distribution 5.5 Authentication Chains 5.6 Wireless Communication: Two Case Studies 5.7 Exercises 6: Algorithmic Algebra 6.1 Basic Group Theory 6.2 The Ring Zn 6.3 The Finite Field Zn 6.4 Finite Fields 6.5 Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields 6.6 Exercises 7: Algorithmic Number Theory 7.1 Primality 7.2 Factorization 7.3 Computing Orders in Groups 7.4 Discrete Logarithm 7.5 Exercises 8: Elements of Complexity Theory 8.1 Formal Computation 8.2 Ability Frontiers 8.3 Complexity Reduction 8.4 Exercises 9: Public-Key Cryptography 9.1 Diffie-Hellman 9.2 Experiment with NP-Completeness 9.3 Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) 9.4 ElGamal Encryption 9.5 Exercises 10: Digital Signature 10.1 Digital Signature Schemes 10.2 RSA Signature 10.3 ElGamal Signature Family 10.4 Toward Provable Security for Digital Signatures 10.5 Exercises 11: Cryptographic Protocols 11.1 Zero-Knowledge 11.2 Secret Sharing 11 3 Special Purpose Digital Signatures 11.4 Other Protocols 11.5 Exercises 12: From Cryptography to Communication Security 12.1 Certificates 12.2 SSH: Secure Shell 12.3 SSL: Secure Socket Layer 12.4 PGP: Pretty Good Privacy 12.5 Exercises Further Readings Bibliography Index