Preface | |
Planar Multibody Systems | p. 1 |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Cartesian Coordinates | p. 1 |
Kinematic Constraints | p. 4 |
Drivers | p. 8 |
Solution of the Kinematic Problem | p. 10 |
Velocities and Accelerations | p. 13 |
Newton's Equation | p. 15 |
Forces | p. 17 |
Numerical Integration | p. 20 |
Spatial Multibody Systems | p. 23 |
Introduction to Spatial Kinematic Constraints | p. 23 |
Rotational Coordinates | p. 23 |
Kinematic Constraints | p. 27 |
Kinematic Joints | p. 30 |
Newton-Euler Equations | p. 33 |
Forces | p. 36 |
Solution of the Equations of Motion | p. 37 |
Synthesis of Mechanisms | p. 39 |
Introduction | p. 39 |
The Joint Coordinate Method | p. 42 |
Optimization Using Time-Varying Design Variables | p. 47 |
Optimization Using Dynamics | p. 52 |
Synthesis Allowing for Non-Assembly | p. 54 |
Differential-Geometric Aspects of Constrained System Dynamics | p. 67 |
Introduction | p. 67 |
Unconstrained System Dynamics | p. 67 |
Constraint Equations | p. 74 |
Constraint Reactions and Constraint Reaction-Induced Dynamic Equations | p. 77 |
Dependent Variable Formulations | p. 83 |
Introduction | p. 83 |
Governing Equations in DAE Forms | p. 83 |
ODE Forms of the Equations of Motion | p. 89 |
Constraint Violation Problem | p. 91 |
Aspects of Accuracy of Constraint-Consistent Solutions | p. 97 |
Independent Variable Formulation | p. 107 |
Introduction | p. 107 |
Joint Coordinate Formulation for Open-Loop Systems | p. 107 |
Velocity Partitioning Formulation | p. 112 |
General Projective Scheme for Independent Variable Formulations | p. 117 |
Treatment of Closed-Loop Multibody Systems | p. 120 |
Other Useful Modeling and Simulation Techniques | p. 131 |
Introduction | p. 131 |
Augmented Lagrangian Formulation | p. 131 |
Augmented Joint Coordinate Method | p. 142 |
Sensitivity Analysis: Linear Static Spring Systems | p. 151 |
Introduction | p. 151 |
Notation | p. 152 |
Static Analysis | p. 154 |
Solution Strategy | p. 158 |
Finite Element Program | p. 161 |
Sensitivity Analysis | p. 172 |
Sensitivity Computer Program | p. 182 |
Optimization Problems | p. 190 |
Sensitivity Analysis: Nonlinear Static Spring Systems | p. 195 |
Nonlinear Linear Static Spring Systems | p. 195 |
Newton Raphson Method | p. 197 |
Sensitivity Analysis: Nonlinear Elastic Static Spring Systems | p. 206 |
Transient Problems | p. 216 |
Sensitivity Analysis: Generalized Coordinate Kinematic Systems | p. 219 |
Position Analysis | p. 219 |
Velocity and Acceleration Analysis | p. 225 |
Inverse Dynamic Analysis | p. 226 |
Sensitivity Analysis | p. 231 |
Conclusion | p. 235 |
Optimization of Mechanical Systems | p. 237 |
Introduction | p. 237 |
Optimization Algorithms | p. 240 |
An Example from Multibody Dynamics | p. 245 |
Concluding Remarks | p. 250 |
Using Augmented Particle Swarm Optimization for Constrained Problems in Engineering | p. 253 |
The Basic PSO Algorithm | p. 256 |
Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Method | p. 257 |
Augmented Lagrange Particle Swarm Optimization | p. 260 |
Web-Based Optimization with ALPSO | p. 264 |
Engineering Example: Hexapod Robot | p. 265 |
Concluding Remarks | p. 269 |
Optimization of Mechatronic Systems Using the Software Package NEWOPT/AIMS | p. 273 |
Optimization of Mechatronic Systems | p. 274 |
Software Package NEWOPT/AIMS | p. 276 |
Example: Hexapod Manipulator | p. 280 |
Concluding Remarks | p. 284 |
Topology Optimized Synthesis of Planar Kinematic Rigid Body Mechanisms | p. 287 |
Topology Representation of Mechanisms | p. 289 |
Genetic Algorithms | p. 291 |
Kinematic Analysis and Dimensional Syntheis | p. 292 |
Topology Optimization of Mechanisms | p. 296 |
Concluding Remarks | p. 299 |
Grid-Based Topology Optimization of Rigid Body Mechanisms | p. 303 |
Grid Structures for Topology Optimization | p. 304 |
Kinematic Analysis | p. 305 |
Mechanism Design Using Grid Structures | p. 307 |
Amplifier Mechanism Example | p. 313 |
Concluding Remarks | p. 313 |
Lumped Deformations: a Plastic Hinge Approach | p. 317 |
Introduction | p. 317 |
Flexible Multibody Dynamics by Lumped Deformations | p. 319 |
Plastic Hinges Constitutive Relations Implementation | p. 322 |
Continuous Contact Force Model | p. 324 |
Road Vehicle Multibody Model for Crash Analysis | p. 326 |
Application to the Design of Railway Dynamics Crash Tests | p. 336 |
Distributed Deformation: a Finite Element Method | p. 351 |
Introduction | p. 351 |
Brief Literature Overview | p. 351 |
General Deformation of a Flexible Body | p. 354 |
Reference Conditions in a Flexible Body: Linear Elastic Deformations | p. 356 |
Generalized Elastic Coordinates for Linear Flexible Bodies | p. 358 |
Generalized Coordinates for Nonlinear Flexible Bodies | p. 361 |
Kinematic Joints Involving Flexible Bodies | p. 362 |
Demonstration Examples | p. 368 |
Optimization of Flexible Multibody Systems | p. 375 |
Introduction | p. 375 |
Road Vehicle Multibody Model | p. 376 |
Road Vehicle Simulations for Comfort and Handling | p. 383 |
Vehicle Dynamics Optimization for Comfort and Handling | p. 393 |
Minimization of the Maximum Deformation Energy | p. 399 |
Sensitivity Analysis in Flexible Multibody Dynamics | p. 401 |
Demonstrative Example: Flexible Slider-Crank Mechanism | p. 407 |
Optimization of the Deployment of a Satellite Antenna | p. 414 |
Conclusions | p. 422 |
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