Introduction | p. 1 |
Historic Examples of Ultracentrifugation | p. 2 |
Investigations on Gold Colloids in 1924 | p. 3 |
Investigations on the Structure of DNA in 1957 | p. 5 |
Basic Theory of Ultracentrifugation | p. 7 |
Svedberg's Simplified Theory | p. 8 |
Derivation of Lamm's Equation | p. 10 |
Basic Experiment Types of Ultracentrifugation | p. 12 |
Sedimentation Velocity Experiment | p. 12 |
Synthetic Boundary Experiment | p. 13 |
Sedimentation Equilibrium | p. 13 |
Density Gradient | p. 14 |
Approach-to-Equilibrium (or Archibald) Method | p. 15 |
Closing Remarks | p. 15 |
References | p. 16 |
Analytical Ultracentrifugation, Instrumentation | p. 17 |
Ultracentrifuges | p. 18 |
The Beckman-Coulter Optima XL-A/I | p. 19 |
User-Made Centrifuges | p. 21 |
Rotors | p. 25 |
Measuring Cells | p. 26 |
Detectors | p. 29 |
Absorption Optics | p. 31 |
Interference Optics | p. 34 |
Schlieren Optics | p. 37 |
Other Detectors | p. 38 |
Multiplexer | p. 43 |
Auxiliary Measurements | p. 43 |
Measurement of the Solvent Density and the Partial Specific Volume | p. 43 |
Measurement of the Refractive Index and the Specific Refractive Index Increment | p. 45 |
References | p. 46 |
Sedimentation Velocity | p. 47 |
Introduction | p. 47 |
Basic Example of Sedimentation Velocity | p. 47 |
Determination of s | p. 50 |
Standard Conditions for s Estimation | p. 51 |
Radial Dilution and Thickening | p. 52 |
Concentration Dependence | p. 53 |
Advanced Theory of Sedimentation Velocity Runs | p. 54 |
Johnston-Ogston Effect | p. 54 |
Self-Sharpening of Boundarie | p. 55 |
Pressure Dependence | p. 55 |
Speed Dependence | p. 56 |
Charge Effects | p. 57 |
Separation of Sedimentation and Diffusion | p. 58 |
Test of Homogeneity | p. 61 |
Sedimentation Velocity Runs of Macromolecules to Measure Average M and MMD | p. 62 |
Evaluation of the Average Molar Mass M by Sedimentation Velocity Runs via Scaling Laws | p. 62 |
Evaluation of Molar Mass Distributions (MMD) by Sedimentation Velocity Runs via Scaling Laws | p. 64 |
Sedimentation Velocity Runs on Particles to Measure Average d[subscript p] and PSD | p. 69 |
Particle Size Distribution via AUC Turbidity Detector and Mie Theory | p. 70 |
Coupling Technique to Measure very Broad PSD | p. 77 |
H[subscript 2]0-D[subscript 2]0 Density Variation Method to Measure Particle Densities via Sedimentation Velocity Runs | p. 80 |
PSD Measurement of very Small Platinum Clusters Using UV Optics | p. 84 |
Synthetic Boundary Experiments | p. 86 |
Synthetic Boundary Crystallization Ultracentrifugation | p. 93 |
References | p. 95 |
Density Gradients | p. 97 |
Introduction | p. 98 |
Static Density Gradients | p. 101 |
Theory of Static Density Gradients | p. 102 |
Gradient Materials | p. 115 |
Experimental Procedure | p. 117 |
Examples | p. 118 |
Dynamic Density Gradients | p. 120 |
Other Types of Density Gradients | p. 125 |
Percoll Density Gradient | p. 125 |
References | p. 129 |
Sedimentation Equilibrium | p. 131 |
Introduction | p. 131 |
Experimental Procedure | p. 133 |
Data Analysis | p. 138 |
Basic Equations for Molar Mass Averages - Classical Evaluation of AUC Equilibrium Runs | p. 138 |
Basic Equations for Molar Mass Distributions - Nonlinear Regression Evaluation (Lechner Method) | p. 141 |
Application of the Basic Equations - Classical and Nonlinear Regression Evaluation | p. 144 |
M-STAR, a Special Data Analysis to obtain M[subscript w] | p. 149 |
Examples | p. 151 |
Absorption Optics Examples of a Polyelectrolyte and Calibration Polystyrene NBS 706 | p. 152 |
Association Equilibrium Example and AUC Buoyant Density Method to Determine [Characters not reproducible] | p. 155 |
The New Fluorescence Detector of Laue Used for Green Fluorescent Protein | p. 158 |
Further AUC Methods to Measure Molar Masses | p. 159 |
References | p. 162 |
Practical Examples of Combination of Methods | p. 163 |
Combination of Different AUC Methods | p. 163 |
Core/Shell Particles | p. 163 |
Characterization of Microgels and Nanogels | p. 170 |
Ion Exchange in Carboxylated Latices | p. 179 |
Combination of AUC with Other Techniques | p. 189 |
AUC and SFFF | p. 190 |
AUC and EM | p. 198 |
Literature Examples: AUC and Nanoparticles | p. 212 |
References | p. 212 |
Recent Developments and Future Outlook | p. 215 |
New AUC Instrumentation and Detectors | p. 216 |
New AUC Methods | p. 222 |
New AUC Data Analysis | p. 228 |
References | p. 233 |
Subject Index | p. 235 |
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