The authors | p. viii |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Why undertake information needs assessments? | p. 4 |
The whys and wherefores of the ongoing neglect of information needs | p. 5 |
There is little point in conducting information needs assessments (trust us) | p. 6 |
A systems-driven profession | p. 7 |
Poor communication skills and insular and antagonistic attitudes | p. 8 |
No single or easy method of collecting the data | p. 9 |
Expensive to collect the data | p. 10 |
Lack of a commonly understood and agreed framework of analysis | p. 11 |
So why indeed undertake information needs assessments? | p. 12 |
Competition and deregulation | p. 12 |
The end-user cometh and cometh again and again | p. 13 |
The challenge of custom-made, personalised information services | p. 14 |
Cost of IT-based innovations | p. 15 |
Accountability and auditing | p. 15 |
What are information needs? | p. 17 |
Information needs: a working definition | p. 18 |
Unrecognised and recognised (but unexpressed) information needs | p. 19 |
Information wants | p. 20 |
Information demands | p. 21 |
Information use | p. 22 |
The digital consumer (yesteryear's user, reader, customer, client, patron...) | p. 25 |
A framework for evaluating information needs | p. 27 |
Subject | p. 28 |
Inter-and intra-individual variations in subject requirements | p. 29 |
Locating pertinent information on a subject | p. 31 |
Function (use to which the information is put) | p. 36 |
The fact-finding function | p. 37 |
The current awareness function | p. 38 |
The research function | p. 42 |
The briefing/background function | p. 44 |
The stimulus function | p. 47 |
The recreational browsing function | p. 48 |
Coping with the call for information in an era of abundant choice | p. 49 |
Nature | p. 52 |
Intellectual level | p. 57 |
Viewpoint | p. 60 |
School of thought | p. 61 |
Political orientation | p. 64 |
Positive/negative approaches | p. 65 |
Subject orientation | p. 66 |
Quantity | p. 67 |
Quality/authority | p. 72 |
Date/currency | p. 84 |
Speed of delivery | p. 90 |
Place of publication/origin | p. 94 |
Subject | p. 95 |
Practitioner/academic divide | p. 98 |
Language proficiency | p. 99 |
Processing and packaging | p. 101 |
The determinants of information needs and practices | p. 111 |
Work-roles and tasks | p. 112 |
Personality traits | p. 117 |
Gender | p. 120 |
Age | p. 123 |
Country of origin and cultural background | p. 125 |
Information availability and accessibility | p. 127 |
Information appetite and threshold | p. 130 |
Time availability | p. 132 |
Resources availability and costs | p. 134 |
Collecting the data | p. 138 |
Interviews | p. 139 |
The face-to-face, open-ended, in-depth interview | p. 140 |
The group interview | p. 145 |
Telephone interviews | p. 146 |
Observation | p. 147 |
Diaries | p. 148 |
Questionnaires | p. 149 |
Citation analyses | p. 150 |
Obsolescence/decay analyses | p. 151 |
Subject analyses | p. 152 |
Country/language analyses | p. 152 |
Ranked lists | p. 152 |
Web log analysis | p. 152 |
Information needs analysis: ensuring the effective information enfranchisement of the digital consumer | p. 156 |
References | p. 158 |
Index | p. 172 |
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