Preface | p. v |
Symbols | p. xvii |
Classification and Selection of Bearings | p. 1 |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Dry and Boundary Lubrication Bearings | p. 5 |
Hydrodynamic Bearing | p. 6 |
Hydrostatic Bearing | p. 9 |
Magnetic Bearing | p. 12 |
Rolling Element Bearings | p. 14 |
Selection Criteria | p. 17 |
Bearings for Precision Applications | p. 19 |
Noncontact Bearings for Precision Application | p. 20 |
Bearing Subjected to Frequent Starts and Stops | p. 21 |
Example Problems | p. 22 |
Lubricant Viscosity | p. 33 |
Introduction | p. 33 |
Simple Shear Flow | p. 34 |
Boundary Conditions of Flow | p. 36 |
Viscosity Units | p. 37 |
Viscosity--Temperature Curves | p. 38 |
Viscosity Index | p. 40 |
Viscosity as a Function of Pressure | p. 41 |
Viscosity as a Function of Shear Rate | p. 43 |
Viscoelastic Lubricants | p. 43 |
Fundamental Properties of Lubricants | p. 47 |
Introduction | p. 47 |
Crude Oils | p. 48 |
Base Oil Components | p. 49 |
Synthetic Oils | p. 50 |
Greases | p. 56 |
Additives to Lubricants | p. 58 |
Principles of Hydrodynamic Lubrication | p. 67 |
Introduction | p. 67 |
Assumptions of Hydrodynamic Lubrication Theory | p. 69 |
Hydrodynamic Long Bearing | p. 72 |
Differential Equation of Fluid Motion | p. 72 |
Flow in a Long Bearing | p. 74 |
Pressure Wave | p. 79 |
Plane-Slider Load Capacity | p. 81 |
Viscous Friction Force in a Plane-Slider | p. 81 |
Flow Between Two Parallel Plates | p. 82 |
Fluid-Film Between a Cylinder and Flat Plate | p. 84 |
Solution in Dimensionless Terms | p. 86 |
Basic Hydrodynamic Equations | p. 94 |
Navier--Stokes Equations | p. 94 |
Reynolds Hydrodynamic Lubrication Equation | p. 97 |
Wide Plane-Slider | p. 103 |
Fluid Film Between a Flat Plate and a Cylinder | p. 104 |
Transition to Turbulence | p. 105 |
Cylindrical Coordinates | p. 110 |
Squeeze-Film Flow | p. 111 |
Long Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing | p. 118 |
Introduction | p. 118 |
Reynolds Equation for a Journal Bearing | p. 120 |
Journal Bearing with Rotating Sleeve | p. 121 |
Combined Rolling and Sliding | p. 122 |
Pressure Wave in a Long Journal Bearing | p. 125 |
Sommerfeld Solution of the Pressure Wave | p. 127 |
Journal Bearing Load Capacity | p. 129 |
Load Capacity Based on Sommerfeld Conditions | p. 131 |
Friction in a Long Journal Bearing | p. 132 |
Power Loss on Viscous Friction | p. 134 |
Sommerfeld Number | p. 134 |
Practical Pressure Boundary Conditions | p. 135 |
Short Journal Bearings | p. 147 |
Introduction | p. 147 |
Short-Bearing Analysis | p. 149 |
Flow in the Axial Direction | p. 153 |
Sommerfeld Number of a Short Bearing | p. 153 |
Viscous Friction | p. 154 |
Journal Bearing Stiffness | p. 155 |
Design Charts for Finite-Length Journal Bearings | p. 161 |
Introduction | p. 161 |
Design Procedure | p. 162 |
Minimum Film Thickness | p. 163 |
Raimondi and Boyd Charts and Tables | p. 164 |
Fluid Film Temperature | p. 181 |
Peak Temperature in Large, Heavily Loaded Bearings | p. 188 |
Design Based on Experimental Curves | p. 190 |
Practical Applications of Journal Bearings | p. 196 |
Introduction | p. 196 |
Hydrodynamic Bearing Whirl | p. 197 |
Elliptical Bearings | p. 198 |
Three-Lobe Bearings | p. 199 |
Pivoted-Pad Journal Bearing | p. 200 |
Bearings Made of Compliant Materials | p. 202 |
Foil Bearings | p. 203 |
Analysis of a Foil Bearing | p. 204 |
Foil Bearings in High-Speed Turbines | p. 207 |
Design Example of a Compliant Bearing | p. 209 |
Hydrostatic Bearings | p. 212 |
Introduction | p. 212 |
Hydrostatic Circular Pads | p. 214 |
Radial Pressure Distribution and Load Capacity | p. 214 |
Power Losses in the Hydrostatic Pad | p. 218 |
Optimization for Minimum Power Loss | p. 219 |
Long Rectangular Hydrostatic Bearings | p. 222 |
Multidirectional Hydrostatic Support | p. 223 |
Hydrostatic Pad Stiffness for Constant Flow-Rate | p. 226 |
Constant-Pressure-Supply Pads with Restrictors | p. 233 |
Analysis of Stiffness for a Constant Pressure Supply | p. 235 |
Journal Bearing Cross-Stiffness | p. 243 |
Applications | p. 244 |
Hydraulic Pumps | p. 244 |
Gear Pump Characteristics | p. 248 |
Flow Dividers | p. 252 |
Case Study: Hydrostatic Shoe Pads in Large Rotary Mills | p. 252 |
Bearing Materials | p. 267 |
Fundamental Principles of Tribology | p. 267 |
Wear Mechanisms | p. 273 |
Selection of Bearing Materials | p. 275 |
Metal Bearings | p. 279 |
Nonmetal Bearing Materials | p. 283 |
Rolling Element Bearings | p. 308 |
Introduction | p. 308 |
Classification of Rolling-Element Bearings | p. 314 |
Hertz Contact Stresses in Rolling Bearings | p. 323 |
Theoretical Line Contact | p. 324 |
Ellipsoidal Contact Area in Ball Bearings | p. 331 |
Rolling-Element Speed | p. 340 |
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication in Rolling Bearings | p. 342 |
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of a Line Contact | p. 345 |
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Ball Bearings | p. 351 |
Force Components in an Angular Contact Bearing | p. 361 |
Selection and Design of Rolling Bearings | p. 378 |
Introduction | p. 378 |
Fatigue Life Calculations | p. 390 |
Bearing Operating Temperature | p. 395 |
Rolling Bearing Lubrication | p. 399 |
Bearing Precision | p. 411 |
Internal Clearance of Rolling Bearings | p. 414 |
Vibrations and Noise in Rolling Bearings | p. 416 |
Shaft and Housing Fits | p. 418 |
Stress and Deformation Due to Tight Fits | p. 429 |
Bearing Mounting Arrangements | p. 436 |
Adjustable Bearing Arrangement | p. 440 |
Examples of Bearing Arrangements in Machinery | p. 447 |
Selection of Oil Versus Grease | p. 458 |
Grease Lubrication | p. 460 |
Grease Life | p. 467 |
Liquid Lubrication Systems | p. 471 |
High-Temperature Applications | p. 478 |
Speed Limit of Standard Bearings | p. 479 |
Materials for Rolling Bearings | p. 481 |
Processes for Manufacturing High-Purity Steel | p. 484 |
Ceramic Materials for Rolling Bearings | p. 485 |
Rolling Bearing Cages | p. 490 |
Bearing Seals | p. 490 |
Mechanical Seals | p. 498 |
Testing of Friction and Wear | p. 502 |
Introduction | p. 502 |
Testing Machines for Dry and Boundary Lubrication | p. 503 |
Friction Testing Under High-Frequency Oscillations | p. 505 |
Measurement of Journal Bearing Friction | p. 509 |
Testing of Dynamic Friction | p. 511 |
Friction-Testing Machine with a Hydrostatic Pad | p. 512 |
Four-Bearings Measurement Apparatus | p. 514 |
Apparatus for Measuring Friction in Linear Motion | p. 517 |
Hydrodynamic Bearings Under Dynamic Conditions | p. 521 |
Introduction | p. 521 |
Analysis of Short Bearings Under Dynamic Conditions | p. 522 |
Journal Center Trajectory | p. 526 |
Solution of Journal Motion by Finite-Difference Method | p. 526 |
Friction Characteristics | p. 531 |
Introduction | p. 531 |
Friction in Hydrodynamic and Mixed Lubrication | p. 532 |
Friction of Plastic Against Metal | p. 537 |
Dynamic Friction | p. 537 |
Modeling Dynamic Friction | p. 540 |
Introduction | p. 540 |
Dynamic Friction Model for Journal Bearings | p. 542 |
Development of the Model | p. 543 |
Modeling Friction at Steady Velocity | p. 546 |
Modeling Dynamic Friction | p. 548 |
Comparison of Model Simulations and Experiments | p. 550 |
Case Study: Composite Bearing--Rolling Element and Fluid Film in Series | p. 556 |
Introduction | p. 556 |
Composite-Bearing Designs | p. 558 |
Previous Research in Composite Bearings | p. 563 |
Composite Bearing with Centrifugal Mechanism | p. 564 |
Performance Under Dynamic Conditions | p. 568 |
Thermal Effects | p. 576 |
Non-Newtonian Viscoelastic Effects | p. 582 |
Introduction | p. 582 |
Viscoelastic Fluid Models | p. 584 |
Analysis of Viscoelastic Fluid Flow | p. 586 |
Pressure Wave in a Journal Bearing | p. 590 |
Squeeze-Film Flow | p. 592 |
Orthopedic Joint Implants | p. 596 |
Introduction | p. 596 |
Artificial Hip Joint as a Bearing | p. 598 |
History of the Hip Replacement Joint | p. 599 |
Materials for Joint Implants | p. 601 |
Dynamic Friction | p. 602 |
Units and Definitions of Material Properties | p. 605 |
Numerical Integration | p. 609 |
Bibliography | p. 615 |
Index | p. 625 |
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