Series Preface | p. v |
Preface | p. vii |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Principles of Boiler Operation | p. 1 |
Classification of Boilers | p. 6 |
Description of Boilers | p. 6 |
References | p. 14 |
General Design Considerations | p. 15 |
Boiler Specifications | p. 15 |
Design Steps | p. 17 |
References | p. 20 |
Fuel and Combustion Calculations | p. 21 |
Features of Fuel | p. 21 |
Stoichiometric Calculations | p. 28 |
Enthalpy Calculation of Air and Combustion Products | p. 36 |
Heat Balance | p. 37 |
Generation of SO[subscript 2] and NO[subscript x] | p. 46 |
Nomenclature | p. 48 |
References | p. 51 |
Coal Preparation Systems for Boilers | p. 52 |
Coal Preparation Systems | p. 52 |
Pulverizing Properties of Coal | p. 56 |
Pulverizing Air System | p. 59 |
Size Reducing Machines | p. 63 |
Other Components for Coal Preparation Systems | p. 70 |
Design of Coal Preparation System for Pulverized Coal Boilers | p. 73 |
Fuel Feeding in Fluidized Bed Boilers | p. 76 |
Nomenclature | p. 78 |
References | p. 79 |
Design of Oil Burners | p. 80 |
Design of Oil Supply System | p. 80 |
Oil Atomizers | p. 82 |
Air Registers | p. 108 |
Design Principles of Oil Fired Boilers | p. 118 |
Nomenclature | p. 125 |
References | p. 127 |
Boiler Furance Design Methods | p. 128 |
General Design Principles | p. 128 |
Flame Emissivity | p. 135 |
Heat Transfer Calculations for the PC Boiler Furnace | p. 140 |
Water Wall Arrangement | p. 146 |
Fouling and Thermal Efficiency Factors for Water Wall Tubes | p. 147 |
Temperature Field Coefficient, M | p. 149 |
Furnace Emissivity | p. 150 |
Distribution of Heat Load in Furnace | p. 151 |
Nomenclature | p. 157 |
References | p. 159 |
Convective Heating Surfaces | p. 161 |
Design of Superheater and Reheater | p. 161 |
Temperature Control in Superheater and Reheater | p. 167 |
Adjustment of Heat Absorption in Superheater and Reheater | p. 172 |
Economizer | p. 178 |
Air Heater | p. 180 |
Arrangement of Back-Pass Heating Surfaces | p. 185 |
Heat Transfer Calculations for Convective Heating Surfaces | p. 187 |
Design Methods of Convection Heating Surfaces | p. 206 |
Nomenclature | p. 207 |
References | p. 211 |
Swirl Burners | p. 212 |
Design of a Swirl Burner | p. 212 |
Flow Resistance in Swirl Burners | p. 225 |
Examples of Swirl Burners | p. 226 |
Arrangement of Multiple Swirl Burners | p. 230 |
Design Procedure of Swirl Burners | p. 233 |
Nomenclature | p. 239 |
References | p. 241 |
Design of Novel Burners | p. 242 |
Types of PC Burners | p. 242 |
PC Burner With Blunt Body | p. 243 |
Precombustion Chamber Burner | p. 246 |
Boat Burner | p. 248 |
Co-Flow Jet Burner With High Differential Velocity | p. 249 |
Counter-Flow Jet Burner | p. 250 |
Dense and Lean Phase PC Burner | p. 253 |
Down-Shot Flame Combustion Technique | p. 257 |
Low NO[subscript x] Burner | p. 259 |
Nomenclature | p. 266 |
References | p. 267 |
Tangentially Fired Burners | p. 269 |
General Descriptions | p. 269 |
Design of Burners With Peripheral Air | p. 279 |
Design of Tilting Burners | p. 281 |
Burners for Bituminous Coal | p. 284 |
Anthracite and Lean Coal Fired PC Burner | p. 286 |
Brown Coal Fired Direct Burner | p. 291 |
Multifuel Burner | p. 293 |
Design Methods for Tangentially Fired Boilers | p. 294 |
Example of Burner Design | p. 297 |
Nomenclature | p. 300 |
References | p. 301 |
Fluidized Bed Boilers | p. 302 |
Fluidized Bed Boiler | p. 302 |
Major Features of Fluidized Bed Boilers | p. 304 |
Basics of Fluidized Beds | p. 309 |
Bubbling Fluidized Bed Boilers | p. 314 |
Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers | p. 319 |
Distributor Plates | p. 327 |
Loop Seals | p. 331 |
Gas-Solid Separators | p. 334 |
Nomenclature | p. 340 |
References | p. 344 |
Steam-Water Circulation in Boiler | p. 347 |
Natural Circulation System | p. 346 |
Calculations for Simple and Complex Tube Circuits | p. 359 |
Two-Phase Flow Resistance | p. 360 |
Height of Economizer Section in the Riser | p. 362 |
Worked-Out Example | p. 364 |
Nomenclature | p. 369 |
References | p. 371 |
Forced Circulation for Supercritical or Subcritical Boilers | p. 372 |
General Description | p. 373 |
Design Principle of Forced Circulation Boiler | p. 374 |
Features of Forced Circulation Boilers | p. 375 |
Supercritical Boilers | p. 381 |
Corrosion and Fouling of Heat Transfer Surfaces | p. 385 |
High-Temperature Corrosion of External Surfaces | p. 386 |
Prevention of High-Temperature Corrosion | p. 392 |
Low-Temperature Corrosion on External Surfaces | p. 397 |
Corrosion and Scaling of Internal Surfaces | p. 402 |
Fouling and Slagging | p. 406 |
Calculation of Soot and Ash Deposition | p. 412 |
Prediction of Slagging Potential | p. 416 |
Design Measure for Reduction of Fouling and Slagging | p. 421 |
Nomcnclature | p. 423 |
References | p. 424 |
Erosion Prevention in Boilers | p. 426 |
Theory of Erosion of Heating Surfaces | p. 426 |
Worked-Out Example | p. 431 |
Factors Influencing Tube Erosion | p. 433 |
Analyses of Erosion of Tube Banks in Cross-Flow | p. 436 |
Permissible Gas Velocity for Safe Operation | p. 439 |
Erosion Protection for the Economizer, Reheater, and Superheater | p. 444 |
Erosion in Tubular Air Heaters | p. 448 |
Erosion in Fluidized Bed Boilers | p. 450 |
Nomenclature | p. 454 |
References | p. 456 |
Pressure Drop in Gas and Air Ducts | p. 457 |
Draft Systems | p. 457 |
Pressure Drop in Air and Gas Duct Systems | p. 459 |
Pressure Drop Across Heating Surfaces | p. 466 |
Pressure Drop in Natural Draft Gas Path | p. 471 |
Pressure Drop Through Air Ducts | p. 475 |
Selection of Fans | p. 479 |
Pressure Drop Through Water or Steam Tubes | p. 480 |
Nomenclature | p. 481 |
References | p. 483 |
Mechanical Design of Pressure Parts | p. 485 |
Selection of Materials | p. 485 |
Important Mechanical Properties of Various Materials | p. 487 |
Fundamental Metallurgical Concepts to Improve Steel Properties | p. 490 |
Design Methods | p. 495 |
Thickness (Scantling) Calculations | p. 509 |
Nomenclature | p. 523 |
References | p. 523 |
Tables of Design Data | p. 524 |
Specific heat of air, flue gas and ash at atmospheric pressure | p. 525 |
Some physical properties of iron, metal, and selected steels | p. 526 |
Linear thermal expansion of steel | p. 526 |
Specific heat capacity of steel | p. 527 |
Electrical resistivity of steel | p. 527 |
Thermal conductivity of steel | p. 527 |
Density, heat capacity, and heat conductivity for metals | p. 528 |
Thermal properties of the saturated water and steam (arranged by temperature) | p. 530 |
Thermal properties of the saturated water and steam (arranged by pressure) | p. 532 |
Thermal properties of unsaturated water and superheated steam at different pressures | p. 534 |
Conversion factors | p. 541 |
Index | p. 553 |
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