Preface | |
Acknowledgments | |
List of figures | |
List of tables | |
List of abbreviations and acronyms | |
Introduction and rationale | p. 1 |
Breaking ocean waves in the atmosphere-ocean system | p. 1 |
Breaking ocean waves and microwave remote sensing | p. 5 |
Classification of investigation techniques: methodology of experiments | p. 7 |
Conclusions | p. 8 |
Spatial stochastic breaking wave fields in the atmosphere-ocean system | p. 9 |
Statement of the problem of studying the spatial stochastic structure of breaking waves | p. 9 |
Technique and conditions for performing field experiments | p. 10 |
Spatial-statistical properties of a breaking wave field in developed seas | p. 21 |
Spatial-statistical properties of a developing sea breaking field | p. 36 |
Fractal properties of wave-breaking zones in stationary and developing seas | p. 42 |
Conclusion | p. 48 |
Linear and two-dimensional geometry of whitecapping and foam structures | p. 49 |
The problem of studying the spatial-stochastic structure of individual breaking waves | p. 49 |
Remote investigation of individual foam structures in the wavebreaking process | p. 50 |
Processing the data from remote sensing of individual foam structures in the wave-breaking process | p. 52 |
Statistics on the elements in the linear geometry of individual foam structures in the wave-breaking process | p. 58 |
Statistics of elements of the two-dimensional geometry of individual foam structures in the wave-breaking process | p. 61 |
Statistics of the specific density of breaking centers | p. 68 |
A spatial field of wave breakings and the overshoot theory for a random Gaussian field | p. 72 |
Conclusions | p. 80 |
The lifetime dynamics of sea wave breakings | p. 83 |
The problem of studying the lifetime dynamics of the sea wave breaking process | p. 83 |
Technique and conditions of field experiments | p. 85 |
Temporal evolution of the breaking process | p. 90 |
Spatiotemporal characteristics of mesobreakings | p. 96 |
Spectral characteristics of an aerated layer | p. 100 |
Conclusions | p. 101 |
The drop-spray phase over a rough sea surface | p. 103 |
Physical mechanisms of drop-spray phase generation | p. 103 |
Disperse characteristics of the drop-spray phase | p. 106 |
Conclusions | p. 117 |
Electrodynamics of a rough, disperse, closely packed media | p. 119 |
Foam as a colloidal system: physical and structural properties | p. 119 |
Physical and chemical properties of sea foam | p. 123 |
Disperse structure of sea foam in the Black Sea basin | p. 128 |
Earlier measurements and "naive" electromagnetic models | p. 132 |
Experimental investigations of characteristics of roughly disperse systems by radiophysical methods | p. 136 |
The theory of natural radiation of disperse closely packed systems | p. 154 |
Conclusions | p. 177 |
Electrodynamics of concentrated drop flows | p. 179 |
Electromagnetic properties of secluded particles | p. 179 |
Basic concepts of the Mie theory | p. 184 |
Scattering properties of aqueous particles | p. 189 |
Electromagnetic properties of polydisperse media | p. 194 |
Backscattering by natural polydisperse volume targets | p. 204 |
Features of radiative transfer in dense media | p. 209 |
Conclusions | p. 221 |
Field optical-microwave remote sensing of the air-sea transition zone in the atmosphere-ocean system | p. 223 |
Space oceanography problems | p. 223 |
Optical and radiophysical investigations of the oceanic gravity wave breaking process | p. 227 |
Radio emission of crest and strip foam: field ship investigations | p. 241 |
Radio emission of a breaking wave field: airplane investigations | p. 246 |
Nonlinear dynamics of gravity waves in the breaking wave backscattering field | p. 251 |
Conclusions | p. 261 |
Conclusions | p. 263 |
References | p. 265 |
Index | p. 277 |
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