Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xix
1. Senior Living Today 1
State of the Industry 1
Design and the Aging Process 5
2. Programming & Planning Guidelines 13
Understanding the Marketplace 13
Programming Space Guidelines 14
Community Based Options 14
Long-Term Care 33
Hospice 60
Assisted Living Residences 64
Residences for Persons with Alzheimer’s and Dementia 82
Independent Living with Services 96
Continuing Care Retirement Communities 107
Active Adult Communities 119
Summary 123
3. The Future of Senior Living 125
Demographics 125
Consumers’ Expectations 126
Lifestyle Changes 129
Service Partnerships 135
New Housing and Care Concepts 139
Affordability 141
4. Project Process and Management 149
Planning, Design, and Implementation Process 149
Common Problems and Cautions 162
Conclusion 167
5. Site Planning, Parking, and Landscape Design 169
Site Size 169
Relationship to Adjacent Land Uses 171
Vehicular Circulation 171
Parking 173
Landscape Design 173
6. Building Codes 183
Codes and Regulations 184
Regulatory Issues 186
Waivers 191
Conclusion 192
7. Sustainability 193
Market Expectations 193
Calculating Cost Benefit 195
Strategies for Sustainability 196
8. Structural Systems 205
Considerations 205
Structural System Types 209
9. Mechanical, Plumbing, Fire-Protection, and Electrical Systems 215
The Interior Environment and Comfort for an Aging Population 215
Program and Concept 216
Applicable Codes 216
Program Impact on System Selection 217
Finished Ceilings and Building Height 219
Construction 220
Mechanical and Hvac System Options 222
Ventilation 227
Plumbing 229
Fire Protection 230
Electrical Distribution 231
Emergency Power 232
Lighting 233
10. Communications and Low-Voltage Electrical Systems 235
Systems Proliferation 235
Trends 240
11. Special Technologies 241
Remote Biometric Monitoring Systems 241
12. Products and Equipment 245
Medical Equipment 245
Universal Design 245
Mobility Devices 246
Food Service 246
Bathing Equipment 249
13. Acoustics 255
Key Acoustical Considerations 255
Design Guidelines for Specialized Spaces 258
Hearing?Impairment Guidelines and Code Requirements 262
14. Lighting Design 265
Light Levels, Reflectance Values, and Glare 267
Lamping Options 268
Windows and Daylighting 269
Design Guidelines for Specialized Spaces 269
Conclusion 276
15. Interior Design 279
The Design Process 279
Color Theory 286
Wayfinding 287
Materiality 287
Interior Design Guidelines 289
Furniture and Furnishings 295
Process 298
16. Renovation, Restoration, and Adaptive Reuse 299
Long?Term Care Facilities 299
Assisted Living Facilities 300
Independent Living Facilities 300
Cosmetic Renovation 301
Moderate Renovation 301
Major Renovation 301
Adaptive Reuse 305
17. International Challenges 307
Service Development 309
Programming and Design 310
Service and Socialization 313
Process 313
Aging at Home 314
Country?Specific Issues 315
Conclusion 324
18. Operation and Maintenance 325
Introduction 325
Operations Costs 326
Ongoing Operating and Maintenance Costs 327
Durability, Useful Life, and Replacement Costs 329
19. Cost Management 335
Cost Management Program 335
Relative Costs 336
Value Engineering and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 336
20. Finances and Feasibility 343
Ten Steps to Financing 343
Financing Variations for Senior Settings 349
Appendix A: Unit Types and Sizes for Senior Living 351
Appendix B: Building Net-to-Gross Factors for Senior Living 352
Appendix C: Geriatric Clinic: Typical Program Components 353
Appendix D: Sample Large Outpatient Clinic Program 354
Appendix E: Sample Enhanced Retirement Community Clinic Program 355
Appendix F: Adult Day Care: Sample Program for 50 Participants 356
Appendix G: Long-Term Care Gross Area per Bed Guidelines 358
Appendix H: Typical Long-Term Care Program Components 359
Appendix I: Sample Program: Long-Term Care, 126 Bed, 4-Story (and Basement) Neighborhood/Household Model 360
Appendix J: Freestanding 75-Unit, 3-Story Assisted Living Facility with 20-Bed Memory-Support Neighborhood 366
Appendix K: Sample Program for 40-person Memory-Care Residence 369
Appendix L: Sample Program for Independent Living with Services Building—150 Units, 4 Stories, 2 Wings 371
Appendix M: CCRC Program 375
Appendix N: Enhanced CCRC Therapy Program 383
Glossary 385
Bibliography and References 395
Index 399
