| Cataract Surgery | |
| Intraocular Lenses to Restore and Preserve Vision Following Cataract Surgery | |
| Introduction | p. 3 |
| Why Filter Blue Light? | p. 3 |
| Why is the Consideration of Blue Light Important to Our Cataract and Refractive Lens Exchange Patients? | p. 5 |
| Quality of Vision with Blue-Light Filtering IOLs | p. 6 |
| Clinical Experience | p. 8 |
| Unresolved Issues and Future Considerations | p. 9 |
| Conclusion | p. 9 |
| References | p. 9 |
| Cataract Surgery in Eyes with Loose Zonules | |
| Introduction | p. 13 |
| Surgical Approach | p. 14 |
| Weakened Zonules | p. 14 |
| Zonular Dialysis | p. 15 |
| Capsule Tension Rings | p. 15 |
| Other Types of CTRs | p. 18 |
| Dislocation of Capsular PC-IOL | p. 20 |
| References | p. 22 |
| Management of the Small Pupil for Cataract Surgery | |
| Introduction | p. 23 |
| Surgical Management of the Small Pupil | p. 23 |
| Two-Instrument Iris Stretch | p. 24 |
| Iris Stretch: Beehler Device | p. 24 |
| Iris Stretch/Iris Retractors | p. 25 |
| Silicone Pupil Expander | p. 26 |
| PMMA Pupil Expanders | p. 26 |
| Multiple Sphincterotomies | p. 26 |
| Special Circumstances: Systemic Alpha 1 Blockers | p. 27 |
| References | p. 29 |
| Advanced Intraocular Lens Power Calculations | |
| Introduction | p. 31 |
| Axial Length Measurement | p. 31 |
| Ultrasound | p. 31 |
| Applanation Technique | p. 32 |
| Immersion Technique | p. 33 |
| Optical Coherence Biometry | p. 35 |
| Keratometry | p. 36 |
| Anterior Chamber Depth Measurement | p. 37 |
| IOL Calculation Formulas | p. 37 |
| The Second and Third Generation of IOL Formulas | p. 38 |
| The Fourth Generation of IOL Formulas | p. 38 |
| Capsular Bag to Ciliary Sulcus IOL Power Conversion | p. 39 |
| Determining IOL Power Following Corneal Refractive Surgery | p. 39 |
| Methods Requiring Historical Data | p. 40 |
| Clinical History Method | p. 40 |
| Feiz-Mannis IOL Power Adjustment Method | p. 40 |
| Masket IOL Power Adjustment Method | p. 40 |
| Topographic Corneal Power Adjustment Method | p. 40 |
| Methods Requiring No Historical Data | p. 41 |
| Hard Contact Lens Method | p. 41 |
| Modified Maloney Method | p. 41 |
| Hyperopic Corneal Refractive Surgery | p. 41 |
| Radial Keratotomy | p. 42 |
| Accuracy and Patient Expectations | p. 42 |
| Corneal Transplantation | p. 44 |
| Silicone Oil | p. 44 |
| Conclusion | p. 45 |
| References | p. 45 |
| Refractive Surgery | |
| Customized Corneal Treatments for Refractive Errors | |
| Introduction | p. 49 |
| Some Basics of Customized Laser Refractive Surgery | p. 49 |
| Forms of Customization | p. 52 |
| Optical Customization | p. 52 |
| Anatomical Customization | p. 52 |
| Functional Customization | p. 53 |
| Technological Requirements for Customized Refractive Surgery | p. 54 |
| Physical Properties of the Laser | p. 54 |
| Eye Movement Tracking | p. 54 |
| Wavefront Measurement and Wavefront-Laser Interface | p. 55 |
| Biomechanics of Refractive Surgery | p. 56 |
| LASIK Flap | p. 57 |
| Clinical Results of Customized Excimer Laser Ablation | p. 58 |
| Summary | p. 60 |
| References | p. 61 |
| EpiLASlK | |
| Introduction | p. 65 |
| EpiLASlK Microkeratomes | p. 66 |
| Histology of the EpiLASlK Cut | p. 67 |
| Light Microscopy | p. 67 |
| Transmission Electron Microscopy | p. 67 |
| Scanning Laser Microscopy | p. 68 |
| Cell Vitality | p. 68 |
| EpiLASlK: the Surgery | p. 68 |
| Preoperative Evaluation | p. 68 |
| Indication for Refraction | p. 69 |
| Inclusion Criteria | p. 69 |
| Exclusion Criteria | p. 69 |
| EpiLASIK Technique | p. 69 |
| Surgical Technique: Pearls | p. 70 |
| EpiLASlK Microkeratome Settings Exemplary for the Gebauer/CooperVision EpiVision | p. 70 |
| High Myopia: Mitomycin C | p. 70 |
| Bandage Contact Lens | p. 70 |
| Postoperative Examinations and Medication | p. 71 |
| Clinical Experiences | p. 72 |
| Conventional EpiLASlK | p. 72 |
| Refractive Results | p. 73 |
| Safety | p. 74 |
| Uncorrected Visual Acuity (UCVA Efficacy) | p. 75 |
| Postoperative Pain | p. 75 |
| Corneal Haze | p. 75 |
| Corneal Sensitivity | p. 76 |
| Customized Ablation: Wavefront-Guided or Wavefront-Optimized | p. 76 |
| Refractive Results | p. 76 |
| Visual Outcome | p. 76 |
| Wavefront Analysis | p. 77 |
| Corneal Haze | p. 77 |
| EpiLASIK Enhancement | p. 77 |
| Refractive Results (Resurgery) | p. 78 |
| Visual Outcome | p. 78 |
| Corneal Haze | p. 78 |
| Complications | p. 79 |
| Possible Intra- and Postoperative Complications | p. 79 |
| Inability to Get Suction Even When Unit Shows Vacuum Attained | p. 79 |
| "Incomplete Flap" | p. 79 |
| Conjunctiva "Too Allergic" (Chemosis) | p. 79 |
| "Can't Fit the Vacuum Ring" | p. 79 |
| Pros of EpiLASIK | p. 79 |
| Cons of EpiLASIK | p. 80 |
| Important | p. 80 |
| References | p. 80 |
| The Femtosecond Laser: a New Tool for Refractive and Corneal Surgery | |
| Introduction | p. 83 |
| Mechanism of Action | p. 83 |
| Clinical Applications of the FS laser | p. 84 |
| LASIK Using the Femtosecond Laser | p. 84 |
| Laser Settings | p. 85 |
| Surgical Technique | p. 86 |
| Clinical Results | p. 88 |
| Flap Dimensions | p. 88 |
| Visual and Refractive Outcomes | p. 90 |
| Aberrations | p. 90 |
| Complications | p. 92 |
| Intracorneal Ring Segment Implantation | p. 96 |
| Penetrating and Lamellar Keratoplasty | p. 97 |
| Conclusions | p. 99 |
| References | p. 99 |
| Complications of Excimer Laser Surgery | |
| Introduction | p. 101 |
| Preoperative Evaluation | p. 101 |
| Intraoperative Complications | p. 101 |
| Decentered Ablations | p. 103 |
| Irregular Astigmatism | p. 103 |
| Central Islands | p. 103 |
| Undercorrection | p. 106 |
| Overcorrection | p. 107 |
| Postoperative Complications | p. 107 |
| Regression | p. 108 |
| Corneal Haze | p. 108 |
| Delayed Epithelialization | p. 109 |
| Infections | p. 109 |
| Adverse Effects on the Corneal Endothelium | p. 109 |
| Corneal Ectasia | p. 109 |
| References | p. 110 |
| Refractive Lens Exchange: Risk Management | |
| Introduction | p. 113 |
| RLE: Need to Know | p. 113 |
| Cystoid Macular Edema | p. 114 |
| Risk Management and Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment | p. 114 |
| Complicated Lens Surgery | p. 116 |
| Age and Pseudophakia in Myopic Eyes | p. 117 |
| Odds of RRD Occurrence | p. 117 |
| Why Should Myopic Eyes Be Vulnerable to RRD? | p. 118 |
| Prophylaxis | p. 119 |
| Nd:YAG Laser Posterior Capsulotomy and Retinal Detachment | p. 120 |
| Relationship of RRD Occurrence to Surgical Complications of Lens Extraction | p. 120 |
| Risk of RRD After RLE in Hyperopic Eyes | p. 120 |
| Prognosis of RRD Following RLE: Outcome of Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment | p. 121 |
| Ethical and Medico-Legal Considerations | p. 122 |
| Conclusion | p. 123 |
| References | p. 124 |
| Pseudoaccommodative and Accommodative IOLs | |
| Introduction | p. 127 |
| Clinical Efficacy and Safety | p. 129 |
| Photic Phenomena | p. 129 |
| Refractive Lens Exchange | p. 131 |
| Complication Management | p. 131 |
| Functional Vision and Multifocal IOL Technology | p. 131 |
| Accommodative Intraocular Lenses | p. 133 |
| Accommodative IOLs in Clinical Practice | p. 135 |
| Dual Optic Accommodative IOL Technology | p. 137 |
| Conclusions | p. 139 |
| References | p. 140 |
| Selecting Phakic Intraocular Lenses for the Correction of Refractive Errors | |
| Introduction | p. 143 |
| From Past to Present: Evolution of Phakic IOLs | p. 144 |
| History of Anterior Chamber Phakic IOLs | p. 144 |
| Current Models of Anterior Chamber pIOLs | p. 144 |
| Rigid pIOLs with fixation in the anterior chamber angle | p. 144 |
| Foldable pIOLs with fixation in the anterior chamber angle | p. 145 |
| Rigid Iris-Fixated pIOLs | p. 146 |
| Foldable Iris-Fixated pIOL | p. 147 |
| History of Posterior Chamber Phakic IOLs | p. 147 |
| Current Models of Posterior Chamber pIOLs | p. 147 |
| Implantable Contact Lens (ICL, Staar) | p. 147 |
| Phakic Refractive Lens (PRL, IOL Tech) | p. 147 |
| General Factors for the Selection of a pIOL | p. 148 |
| Preoperative Refraction | p. 148 |
| Preexisting Astigmatism | p. 149 |
| Anatomical Requirements | p. 150 |
| Endothelial Cell Density | p. 150 |
| Anterior Chamber Depth | p. 150 |
| Anterior Chamber Angle | p. 150 |
| Anterior and Posterior Chamber Biometry | p. 151 |
| Pupil Diameter | p. 152 |
| Opacification and "Crystalline Lens Rise" | p. 153 |
| Status of the Retina | p. 153 |
| Excluding Pathologies | p. 153 |
| Conclusion | p. 154 |
| References | p. 154 |
| Intracorneal Implants | |
| Introduction | p. 159 |
| Intracorneal Hydrogel Lenses | p. 159 |
| Introduction | p. 159 |
| Indications | p. 160 |
| Characteristics | p. 160 |
| Surgical Technique | p. 160 |
| Postoperative Treatment | p. 160 |
| Outcome | p. 160 |
| Complications | p. 161 |
| Intracorneal Ring Segments | p. 161 |
| Introduction | p. 161 |
| Mode of Action | p. 162 |
| Types | p. 162 |
| Surgery Plan | p. 164 |
| Intacs | p. 164 |
| Keraring | p. 164 |
| Implantation Technique | p. 165 |
| Surgically | p. 165 |
| Intracorneal Ring Segments with the Femtosecond Laser (IntraLase) | p. 166 |
| Postoperative Treatment | p. 167 |
| Outcomes of Intracorneal Ring Segments | p. 167 |
| Complications | p. 168 |
| References | p. 168 |
| Subject Index | p. 171 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
