Criminal Justice and Moral Issues

CHAPTER 1: MORALITY, HARM, AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE ; Crimes Without Victims? ; The Notion of Harm ; Morality and Criminal Law ; Suicide and Attempted Suicide ; Physician-Assisted Suicide ; Usury ; Bad Samaritans ; Motorcycle Helmets ; Determining Moral Standards ; Conclusion ; CHAPTER 2: PROSTITUTION/SEX WORK ; The Biblical Heritage ; Criminal Law and Prostitution ; Explaining the Law's Intransigence ; Prostitution and Sexual Liberation ; The Cast in the Performance of Prostitution ; Urban Enforcement: Los Angeles ; The BMW Caper ; The Hollywood Madam ; Licensed Brothels: Nevada ; The Wolfenden Report and Kerb Crawling ; Feminism and Prostitution ; Legalizing Prostitution: Yeas and Nays ; Prostitution, Venereal Disease, and AIDS ; Other Impacts of Prostitution ; Prostitutes, Pimps, and the Public ; The Prostitute/Sex Worker ; Customers/Johns ; Pimps ; Impact of Prostitution on Society ; Conclusion ; For Legalizing Prostitution ; Against Decriminalizing Prostitution ; CHAPTER 3: DRUGS ; What Is a Drug? ; Patterns of Drug Use ; Illegal Drug Use: Marijuana ; Illegal Drug Use: Heroin ; Illegal Drug Use: Cocaine ; How Much Do Illegal Drugs Cost? ; The Relationship Between Crime and Drugs ; Drug-Defined Crimes ; Drug-Related Crimes ; Drug-Using Crimes ; Current Drug Policies and How We Got There ; Drugs, Race, and Ethnicity ; The Prohibition Experience ; Modern Legal Prohibitions ; The Netherlands' Approach to Drug Control ; What Kind of a Problem Is 'Drugs'? ; Decriminalization Does Not Solve the Problem of Drugs ; Conclusion ; CHAPTER 4: HOMOSEXUALITY ; Defining Homosexuality ; Homosexual Behavior ; Homosexual Preference or Orientation ; Homosexual Identity or Self-Concept ; Causes of Homosexuality ; The Biological Perspective ; The Learning Perspective ; Public Opinion and Homosexuality ; The Regulation of Homosexuality ; The Social Regulation of Sexuality ; Religious and Legal Regulation of Sexuality ; The Consequences of Legal Regulation ; The Gay Movement and Gay Communities ; Two Additional Issues ; Same-Sex Marriages ; Homosexuality as a Protected Status ; Conclusion ; CHAPTER 5: ABORTION ; Theology and Abortion ; Roman Catholicism ; Judaism ; Abortion Before It Became Legal ; Roe v. Wade and Its Progeny ; Roe v. Wade (1973) ; The Webster Decision (1989) ; The Casey Decision (1992) ; The Partial-Birth Abortion Act (2003) ; Unborn Victims of Violence Act (2004) ; RU-486 (Mifepristone) ; Plan B: The Morning After Pill ; Parental Notification and Abortion ; How Many Abortions Are There? ; Abortion Views in Context ; Arguments: Pro and Con ; Arguments Against Legalized Abortion ; Arguments for Legalized Abortion ; Conclusion ; CHAPTER 6: PORNOGRAPHY ; Definitions ; The Ubiquity of Pornography ; The Pornography Industry ; The Pornography Commissions ; Public Concern Over Pornography ; The Regulation of Pornography ; The Law and Pornography ; The Effects of Pornography ; Harmful Effects ; Positive Effects, or Potentially Beneficial Functions of Pornography ; The Feminist Response to Pornography ; Conclusion ; CHAPTER 7: GAMBLING ; The Context of Gambling ; Casino Gambling ; Slot Machines ; Riverboat Gambling ; Native-American Casinos ; Internet Gambling ; Lotteries ; Gambling on Numbers ; Lotteries Re-emerge ; Off-Track Betting ; Conclusion ; CHAPTER 8: CONCLUSION ; Harm, Risk, and the Law ; Can the Law Create Problems? ; What Should We Call Them? ; The Wolfenden Report ; Are There Limits to Law? ; Immorality ; Privacy ; Alternative Controls ; Harm to Others ; Are They Enforceable? ; What Problems Are Appropriate for Law? ; Conclusion ; Author Index ; Subject Index