Crustal Structure of the Bohemian Massif and the West Carpathians

1 Review of the Deep Structure Research in the Bohemian Massif and West Carpathians.- 2 Seismic Research into the Lithosphere of Central Europe.- 2.1 Elastic Properties of Rocks and Their Anisotropy.- Laboratory Methods.- In Situ Methods.- The Effect of the Preferred Orientation of Crystals.- Effects of Microfractures and Grain Boundaries.- Review of Elastic Anisotropy of Crystalline Rocks.- 2.2 Deep Seismic Sounding in Czechoslovakia.- Main Results of the Seismic Data Interpretation Along Regional Profiles.- 2.3 Construction of the Moho Discontinuity Map.- 2.4 Deep Reflection Seismic Profiling in Czechoslovakia - the ?ESLOKORP (Czechoslovak Crustal Reflection Profiling Project).- Profile IT.- Profile 2T.- Profile 3T.- Profile 3.- 2.5 Model of the Deep Lithosphere Structure.- 2.6 Deep Structure of the Bohemian Massif from Phase Velocities of Seismic Surface Waves.- Geologic and Geophysical Characteristics.- Data Analysis and Inversion.- Profile MOX-VIE.- Profile MOX-KHC.- Profile KHC-KSP.- Final Models.- Conclusion.- 3 Seismicity and Seismotectonics.- 3.1 Earthquakes in Central Europe.- Spatial Distribution of Erathquake Foci.- Earthquake Mmechanism.- Occurrences of Very Weak Earthquakes.- Frequency of Earthquakes.- Release of Seismic Energy in Time and Migration in Space.- 3.2 Macroseismic Fields and the Main Directions of Structures.- 3.3 Seismotectonic Studies in the Bohemian Massif and the West Carpathians.- 4 Results of Heat Flow Studies in Czechoslovakia.- 4.1 Previous Major Results.- 4.2 Technique of Measurements.- 4.3 Data Set.- Subsurface Temperatures.- Heat Flow.- Heat Flow Map.- 4.4 Crustal Geothermics.- Heat Flow and Crustal Thickness.- Heat Flow and Heat Generation.- 4.5 Crustal Temperatures.- One-Dimensional Models.- Two-Dimensional Sections.- 4.6 Regional Geothermics.- Moho Temperatures.- Moho Heat Flow.- Heat Flow and Lithospheric Thickness.- 5 Zones of Geoelectrical Inhomogeneities.- 5.1 Earth's Magnetic Field Variations and Geomagnetic Induction Characteristics.- 5.2 Main Zones of Geoelectrical Anomalies in Europe.- Carpathian Geoelectrical Anomaly.- The Anomalous Geoelectrical Zone in the Eastern Margin of the Bohemian Massif.- 5.3 Magnetotelluric Models of Inhomogeneity Zones.- 5.4 Contribution of the MTS to the Study of Lithosphere in Central Europe.- 6 Gravimetric Investigation of Deep Structure of the Earth.- 6.1 Gravitational Field of Central Europe.- 6.2 Stripped Gravity Maps in Czechoslovakia.- 6.3 Explanation of the Main Gravity Structures on the Czechoslovak Territory and in Its Close Vicinity.- 6.4 Density Models of the Earth's Crust Along Seismic Profiles.- Density Model Along International DSS VII Profile.- Density Model Along International DSS VI Profile.- Density Model of the Crust Along International DSS V Profile.- Density Model Along the Trans-Carpathian 2T Profile.- 6.5 3-D Density Models of the Earth's Crust in the Bohemian Massif.- 7 Geomagnetic and Palaeomagnetic Fields.- 7.1 Geomagnetic Field of Central Europe.- 7.2 Geologic Interpretation of Main Geologic Structures in the Bohemian Massif.- 7.3 Geologic Interpretation of the Geomagnetic Anomalies in the West Carpathians.- Fundamental Elements of the Geomagnetic Field of the West Carpathians.- Results of Quantitative Interpretation of Anomalies.- Geologic Interpretation of Magnetic Anomalies.- Conclusion.- 7.4 Geomagnetic Anomalies and the Crystalline Basement of the Vienna Basin.- 7.5 Interpretation of the Geomagnetic Anomalies Between the Bohemian Massif and the Inner West Carpathians.- 7.6 Palaeomagnetic Research on the Bohemian Massif.- 7.7 Palaeomagnetic Investigations in the West Carpathians on Czechoslovak Territory.- The Early Palaeozoic of the West Carpathians.- The Late Palaeozoic of the West Carpathians.- Palaeomagnetic Investigations of the Flysch Belt of the West Carpathians.- 7.8 Contribution to the Complex Interpretation of Magnetic and Palaeomagnetic Data to the Palaeogeography of Blocks of the Bohemian Massif M. Krs, P. Pruner.- 7.9 Magnetic Properties of Rocks and Their Interpretation.- Magnetic Properties of Volcanic Rocks.- Magnetic Properties of Rocks Exposed to High Pressures.- 8 Geological and Petrological Models of the Earth's Crust in Central Europe.- 8.1 Reviews of Geologic Investigations by Drilling.- 8.2 Peridotites and Eclogites as Indicators of the Structural and Lithologic Evolution of the Earth's Crust: Bohemian Hercynides (Variscides), Czechoslovakia.- Lithology and Geochronology.- Ultrabasic and Eclogitic Rocks as Products of Geotectonic Cycles.- Rhenohercynian Zone.- Central German Crystalline Rise.- Brunovistulikum.- Saxothuringian Zone.- Segments with Ocean Floor Rocks.- Segment of Continental Crust with Ultrabasic and Eclogitic Rocks.- Moldanubian Zone and Kutna Hora - Svratka Complex.- Conclusions.- 8.3 Major and Trace Elements in "Eclogites" and Their Host Garnet Peridotites, Data from the Bohemian Massif.- Description of the Localities.- Data and Methods.- Major Element Data.- Trace Element Data.- Rare Earth Elements.- Transition Metals.- Discussion.- 8.4 Petrologic Indications of Deep Structure of the West Carpathians.- Role of Magmatites of the Granite Series in the Composition of the Crust.- Role of the Early Palaeozoic Volcanism in Evolution of the Crust.- Variability of Products of Volcanic Activity in the Mesozoic - Reflection of Diverse Geodynamic Conditions.- Significance of the Ophiolite Complex in a Structure.- Late Cenozoic Volcanism - the Youngest Vertical Movements of Masses in the Earth's Crust.- Conclusion.- 8.5 Deep-Origin Xenoliths in Volcanism of Czechoslovakia.- Young Basaltic Volcanics of Czechoslovakia.- Field Petrography of Xenoliths.- Microscopic Character and Mineralogy of Lherzolite Nodules.- Olivine.- Orthopyroxene.- Clinopyroxene.- Spinel.- Lherzolite Xenolith Properties Implications at Depth.- 8.6 Geological and Petrologic Models of the Earth's Crust Beneath Czechoslovakia.- Petrologic Data on the Upper Mantle Composition Beneath Central Europe Yield Controversial Conclusions.- 9 Geodynamic Manifestations of the Lithosphere.- 9.1 Recent Movements of the Earth's Surface.- Main Dynamic Tendencies.- 9.2 Isostatic State of Czechoslovak Territory.- Mutual Correlation of Gravity Anomalies, Elevations Above Sea Level, and Depths to the Moho Discontinuity.- Maps of Isostatic Anomalies and Their Properties.- Masses of Vertical Columns of Lithosphere.- The Stress Field Caused by the Terrain Topography and by Density Inhomogeneities in the Earth's Crust.- 9.3 Modification of Runcorn's Equations to Convection Flows.- 9.4 Linear Structures in the Czechoslovak Part of the Bohemian Massif Derived from Geophysical Data.- and Methodology.- Characteristics of the Defined Areas and Principal Linear Structures.- Conclusion.- 9.5 Changes of Palaeogeographic Latitudes of the Barrandian Interpreted on the Basis of Palaeomagnetic Data.- References.