Current Concepts of External Fixation of Fractures

External Fixation: Biomechanical Considerations and Analysis of Components.- Biomechanical Studies of External Fixation: Clinical Application of Animal Studies.- A Classification of External Fixators.- How Stable Should External Fixation Be?.- The Timing of External Fixation.- Complications of External Fixation.- The Double-Frame External Fixator.- Hoffmann External Half Frame Fixation.- External Fixation, Tubular ASIF Set.- External Fixation: The Dresden System.- Judet External Fixator.- Experiences with the Stuhler-Heise Fixator System.- A Review of the Day Frame as External Fixation for Trauma.- Kronner System.- An External Fixation System Using Formable Plastic Rods.- An External Fixation Device Made of polymer Materials.- The Stability of Different Systems A comparative Study.- Stability in the Absence of Contact in the Lower Limbs.- Elastic External Fixation of Tibial Fractures: Influence of Associated Internal Fixation.- External Fixation in Lower Extremity Trauma: Cook County Experience.- Unilateral External Fixation Experience with the ASIF "Tubular" Frame.- External Fixation About the Foot and Ankle.- Anatomic Considerations in the Placement of Percutaneous Pins.- Use of the External Fixator in Thigh Fractures.- The External Fixator for the Prevention and Treatment of Infections.- Septic Nonunion.- Therapy of Post-Traumatic Osteomyelitis.- Treatment of Infected Fractures and Pseudarthroses with External Fixation and Gentamicin-PMMA Beads.- External Fixation as a Secondary Procedure.- External Fixation of Pelvic Fractures Principles of the Trapezoid compression Frame.- External Fixation of Pelvic Ring Fractures.- Pelvic Fracture Stabilization with Hoffmann External Fixation.- External Fixation of the Upper Extremity with the ASIF Tubular Set and Wagner Apparatus.- The Treatment of Wrist Fractures with the Small AO External Fixation Device.- Mini-Hoffmann External Fixator for Fractures of the Hand.- Vascularized versus Conventional Bone Grafts in the Treatment of Bone Loss of Extremities.- Indication and Technique of Knee Joint Arthrodesis.- External Fixation of High Tibial Osteotomies and Proximal Metaphyseal Fractures of the Tibia.- Arthrodesis of the Ankle Joint.- External Skeletal Fixation of the Lower Thoracic and the Lumbar Spine.- Stabilization of the Lower Thoracic and Lumbar Spine: Comparative in Vitro Investigation of an External Skeletal and Various Internal Fixation Devices.- The Use of External Fixators in the Polytraumatized Patient.- External Fixation and Pedicled Muscle Flaps in Complex Open Tibia Fractures.- Indications for the Hoffmann Fixator in Severely Injured Patients.- Shortcomings of External Fixation.- A New Bone Graft Substitute.- List of Contributors.