Preface | p. xi |
Introduction | p. 1 |
References | p. 5 |
Microwave Circuit Design by Synthesis: A Universal Procedure | p. 7 |
Outline of the Classical, Nonsynthesis Design Approach | p. 7 |
Outline of the Universal Design Procedure Based on Exact Synthesis | p. 10 |
Choosing Physical Structure | p. 12 |
Identifying the Set of Transmission Zeros | p. 13 |
Passband and Stopband Specifications | p. 13 |
First-Stage Network Synthesis | p. 14 |
Second-Stage Network Synthesis | p. 16 |
Network Transformation | p. 17 |
Conversion to an f-Plane Equivalent Circuit | p. 17 |
Physical Realization and Final Optimization | p. 18 |
The Prototype Network Synthesis Procedures | p. 18 |
Some General Terms | p. 19 |
Definition of Terms for Doubly Terminated Networks | p. 21 |
Definition of Terms for Singly Terminated Networks | p. 32 |
Relevant Transfer Characteristics | p. 35 |
Frequency Transformations | p. 40 |
Generalized Ladder Network Prototypes | p. 47 |
The Approximation Problem | p. 60 |
The Network Extraction Problem | p. 68 |
Network Manipulation and Transformation | p. 79 |
Kuroda Identities | p. 80 |
Admittance and Impedance Matrix Scaling for Ladder Networks | p. 86 |
Trading Length Against Impedance in Noncommensurate Transmission Line Networks | p. 89 |
Conversion of Prototypes to Physical Structures | p. 95 |
Low-Frequency Circuits ([500 MHz) | p. 96 |
High-Frequency Circuits (]500 MHz) | p. 98 |
A Practical Review of the Design Procedure | p. 124 |
Partitioning Circuits into Reactive Two-Ports | p. 124 |
Contents of Circuit Library/Database | p. 125 |
Choosing the Two-Port Network Configuration | p. 126 |
Choosing Transmission Zero Locations, Degree, and Network Frequency Responses | p. 132 |
Singly vs. Doubly Terminated Networks and First vs. Second Canonical Forms | p. 136 |
Tips on Prototype Synthesis | p. 137 |
Tips on Network Transformation | p. 137 |
Availability of Software | p. 138 |
Designer Software: The NETSYN Program | p. 139 |
An Overview of the E-Syn Software Available from HP-EEsof | p. 141 |
A Design Example Based on E-Syn | p. 145 |
References | p. 149 |
Synthesis of High-Selectivity Printed Circuit Band-Pass Filters | p. 153 |
Commensurate Line Filters From High-Pass S-Plane Prototypes | p. 154 |
Two Simple Printed Circuit Coupled-Line Filters | p. 156 |
Two Enhanced Printed Circuit Coupled-Line Filters | p. 168 |
Noncommensurate Line Filters From Band-Pass S-Plane Prototypes | p. 180 |
Design Rationale | p. 181 |
A 2- to 6-GHz Band-Pass Filter with a 6- to 20-GHz Stopband | p. 185 |
References | p. 190 |
Other Specialized Passive Components | p. 191 |
Wideband Bias Ts | p. 191 |
General Bias T Circuit Concepts | p. 192 |
Band-Pass Filter Synthesis | p. 193 |
A 2- to 18-GHz Bias T in Stripline | p. 197 |
A 4.5- to 45.5-GHz Bias T in Microstrip | p. 200 |
Wideband Balun Structures | p. 202 |
A High-Pass Balun for 6 to 18 GHz | p. 204 |
Band-Pass Baluns for 6.5 to 13.5 GHz | p. 212 |
Some Simple Impedance-Transforming Networks | p. 222 |
The Quarter-Wavelength Stepped-Impedance Transformer | p. 222 |
Stepped-Impedance Transformers from Band-Pass Prototypes | p. 226 |
Transformers Using Line and Open-Circuit Shunt Stubs | p. 229 |
Transformers Incorporating High-Pass Elements | p. 231 |
References | p. 234 |
Active Circuit Design | p. 235 |
Principles of Matching Into Complex Terminations | p. 236 |
Shunt Capacitor and Resistor | p. 237 |
Series Inductor and Resistor | p. 239 |
Shunt Inductor and Resistor | p. 240 |
Series Capacitor and Resistor | p. 241 |
Distributed Amplifiers | p. 242 |
Basic Design Concept and Prototype Synthesis | p. 244 |
A Simple Theory Based on Constant K Sections | p. 248 |
Practical MMIC Distributed Amplifiers With Various Gain Slopes | p. 253 |
Increasing the Maximum Operating Frequency of Distributed Amplifiers | p. 262 |
Reactively Matched Wideband Power Amplifiers | p. 273 |
General Design Approach | p. 274 |
Detailed Circuit Design | p. 276 |
Measured Performance | p. 289 |
Traveling-Wave Matching in Cascadable Amplifier Gain Stages | p. 290 |
Evolution From a Distributed Amplifier | p. 292 |
The Band-Pass Frequency Transformation | p. 294 |
The Basic Cascadable Gain Stage | p. 297 |
A Practical Design Example | p. 298 |
A Two-Stage Amplifier With Interstage Matching | p. 311 |
A Five-Stage, 1.5W Amplifier MMIC With ]25 dB Gain | p. 317 |
References | p. 323 |
Summary and Conclusions | p. 325 |
Some Useful Network Transformations | p. 327 |
Transforming a Second-Order Reactance Branch Into Unit Elements and Vice Versa | p. 327 |
Transforming a Fourth-Order Reactance Branch Into Unit Elements and Vice Versa | p. 328 |
Transforming a Fourth-Order Reactance Branch Into Two Second Order Branches and Vice Versa | p. 329 |
Transforming a Capacitor L Section Into a T Section | p. 330 |
Transforming a Capacitor L Section Into a [pi] Section | p. 330 |
Transforming a Capacitor T Section Into a [pi] Section and Vice Versa | p. 331 |
Library of Coupled-Line Sections and Equivalent Circuits | p. 333 |
General Relations | p. 333 |
Coupled Lines With Open Circuits at Opposite Ends | p. 334 |
Coupled Lines With Open Circuits at the Same End | p. 334 |
Coupled Lines With Short Circuits at Opposite Ends | p. 335 |
Coupled Lines With a Short Circuit at One End and a Bridge at the Other | p. 335 |
Coupled Lines With an Open Circuit at One End and a Bridge at the Other | p. 336 |
Coupled Lines With an Open Circuit at One End and a Shunt Open-Circuit Stub at the Other | p. 337 |
List of Technical Publications | p. 339 |
Glossary | p. 341 |
About the Author | p. 343 |
Index | p. 345 |
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