EMI Filter Design

EMI Filters Introduction Technical Challenges Types of EMI Filters No Such Thing as Black Magic It Is All in the Mathematics Why Call EMI Filters Black Magic? What Is EMI? Regular Filters versus EMI Filters Specifications: Real or Imagined The Inductive Input for the 220-A Test Method The 400-Hz Filter Compared with the 50- or 60-Hz Filter Common Mode and Differential Mode: Definition, Cause, and Elimination Definition of Common and Differential Modes The Origin of Common-Mode Noise Generation of Common-Mode Noise-Load Elimination of Common-Mode Noise-Line and Load Generation of Differential-Mode Noise? Three-Phase Virtual Ground EMI Filter Source Impedance of Various Power Lines Skin Effect Applying Transmission Line Concepts and Impedances Applying Transmission Line Impedances to Differential and Common Mode Differences among Power Line Measurements Simple Methods of Measuring AC and DC Power Lines Other Source Impedances The Various AC Load Impedances The Resistive Load Off-Line Regulator with Capacitive Load Off-Line Regulator with an Inductor ahead of the Storage Capacitor The Power Factor Correction Circuit Transformer Load The UPS Load DC Circuit-Load and Source Various Source Impedance Switcher Load DC Circuit for EMI Solutions or Recommendations Some Ideas for the Initial Power Supply Other Parts of the System Lossy Components Radiated Emissions Typical EMI Filters-Pros and Cons The pi Filter The T Filter The L Filter The Typical Commercial Filter The Cauer Filter The RC Shunt The Conventional Filters Filter Components-the Capacitor Capacitor Specifications Capacitor Construction and Self-Resonant Frequency Veeing the Capacitor Margins, Creepage, and Corona-Split Foil for High Voltage Capacitor Design-Wrap-and-Fill Type Filter Components-the Inductor Inductor Styles and Specifications Core Types High-Current Inductors Inductor Design Converting from Unbalanced to Balanced Common-Mode Components The Capacitor to Ground Virtual Ground Z for Zorro Common-Mode Inductor Common-Mode Calculation Differential Inductance from a Common-Mode Inductor Common-Mode Currents-Do They All Balance? The Transformer's Addition to the EMI Filter Transformer Advantages Isolation Leakage Current Common Mode Voltage Translation-Step Up or Down The Transformer as a Key Component of the EMI Package Skin Effect Review Electromagnetic Pulse and Voltage Transients Unidirectional versus Bidirectional The Three Theories Initial High-Voltage Inductor The Arrester Location How to Calculate the Arrester The Gas Tube What Will Compromise the Filter? Specifications-Testing Power Supplies-Either as Source or Load 9- and 15-Phase Autotransformers Neutral Wire Not Part of the Common-Mode Inductor Two or More Filters in Cascade-the Unknown Capacitor Poor Filter Grounding The "Floating" Filter The Unknown Capacitor in the Following Equipment Filter Input and Output Too Close Together Gaskets Waves as Noise Sources The Spike The Pulse The Power Spectrum-dB muA/MHz MIL-STD-461 Curve Initial Filter Design Requirements Differential-Mode Design Goals The Differential-Mode Filter Input Impedance The Differential-Mode Filter Output Impedance The Input and Output Impedance for a DC Filter Common-Mode Design Goals Estimation of the Common-Mode Source Impedance Methods of Reducing the Inductor Value due to High Current Matrices, Transfer Functions, and Insertion Loss Synthesis, Modeling, and Analysis Review of the A Matrix Transfer Functions Review of Matrix Topologies The pi Filter The L Matrix The T Filter The Cauer or Elliptic Matrix The RC Shunt Filter Applications and Thoughts Single-Phase AC Filter Three-Phase Filters Low-Current Wye High-Current Wye The Single Insert The Low-Current Delta High-Current Delta Telephone and Data Filters Pulse Requirements-How to Pass the Pulse The DC-DC Filter Low-Current Filters Matrix Applications: A Continuation of Chapter 16 The Impedance of the Source and Load dB Loss Calculations of a Single pi Filter Example of the Calculations for a Single pi Filter Double pi Filter: Equations and dB Loss Triple pi Filter: Equations and dB Loss Network Analysis of Passive LC Structures Lossless Networks Network Impedances Using Z Parameters Network Admittances Using Y Parameters Transfer Function Analysis-H(jomega) Transfer Function Analysis-H(s) Coefficient-Matching Technique EMI Filter Stability Filter Design Techniques and Design Examples Filter Design Requirements Design Techniques Filter Design Summary EMI Filter Design Example Four-Pole LC Structure Packaging Information The Layout Estimated Volume Volume-to-Weight Ratio Potting Compounds Appendix A: K Values of Different Topologies Appendix B: LC Passive Filter Design Appendix C: Conversion Factors Index