Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Goods and Services

An Input-Output Approach

By: Chris T. Hendrickson, Lester B. Lave, H. Scott Matthews

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Paperback | 12 April 2006 | Edition Number 1

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272 Pages

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Environmental life cycle assessment is often thought of as cradle to grave and therefore as the most complete accounting of the environmental costs and benefits of a product or service. However, as anyone who has done an environmental life cycle assessment knows, existing tools have many problems: data is difficult to assemble and life cycle studies take months of effort. A truly comprehensive analysis is prohibitive, so analysts are often forced to simply ignore many facets of life cycle impacts. But the focus on one aspect of a product or service can result in misleading indications if that aspect is benign while other aspects pollute or are otherwise unsustainable. This book summarizes the EIO-LCA method, explains its use in relation to other life cycle assessment models, and provides sample applications and extensions of the model into novel areas. A final chapter explains the free, easy-to-use software tool available on a companion website. (www.eiolca.net) The software tool provides a wealth of data, summarizing the current U.S. economy in 500 sectors with information on energy and materials use, pollution and greenhouse gas discharges, and other attributes like associated occupational deaths and injuries. The joint project of twelve faculty members and over 20 students working together over the past ten years at the Green Design Institute of Carnegie Mellon University, the EIO-LCA has been applied to a wide range of products and services. It will prove useful for research, industry, and in economics, engineering, or interdisciplinary classes in green design.

Industry Reviews

'[This book] is sure to find its place on the shelf of both specialists and generalists interested in knowing more about the potential for life cycle analysis - and its variant EIO-LCA - to advance the rationalization of decisionmaking in the sustainable development context.'
Inside Green Business

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Preface	p. vii
Introduction to the EIO-LCA Method
Exploring Environmental Impacts and Sustainability Through Life Cycle Assessment	p. 3
Hybrid LCA Analysis: Combining the EIO-LCA Approach with Other Models	p. 21
Environmental Valuation for Life Cycle Assessment	p. 29
Uncertainty in Estimating Impacts	p. 42
Using the Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment Model	p. 49
Example Applications
A Life Cycle Analysis of a Midsize Passenger Car	p. 65
Comparison of Steel and Plastic Fuel Tank Systems for Automobiles	p. 76
Effects of Using Nanotechnology to Stabilize Platinum Group Metal Particles in Automotive Catalysts	p. 86
E-Commerce, Book Publishing, and Retail Logistics	p. 94
Construction Materials for Roads and Bridges	p. 103
Environmental Impacts of Services	p. 109
Life Cycle Assessment of Electricity Generation	p. 118
Comparison of Energy Transportation Modes: Coal by Rail, Methane by Pipeline, and Electricity Transmission	p. 127
Life Cycle Assessment of Residential Buildings in the United States	p. 139
Further Developments in the EIO-LCA Method
Occupational Safety Risks in an Input-Output Framework	p. 149
Development of Regional Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment Models	p. 160
A Canadian Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment Model	p. 169
Enterprise and Materials Flow Input-Output Analysis	p. 178
Sectors and Outputs in the 1997 U.S. Benchmark EIO-LCA	p. 187
Some Alternative Model Forms for EIO-LCA	p. 198
Disaggregation Options for Conducting Hybrid Life Cycle Assessments	p. 207
Uncertainty in Leontief Input-Output Equations: Some Numerical Examples	p. 213
Compliance of an LCA Study Conducted Using the EIO-LCA Model with the Requirements of ISO 14040, 14041, 14042, and 14043 Standards	p. 226
References	p. 239
Index	p. 251
About the Authors	p. 261
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Goods and Services

An Input-Output Approach

At a Glance

Paperback

Industry Reviews

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

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