Escaping the Holocaust : Illegal Immigration to the Land of Israel, 1939-1944 - Dalia Ofer

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Escaping the Holocaust

Illegal Immigration to the Land of Israel, 1939-1944

By: Dalia Ofer

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Hardcover | 1 March 1999

At a Glance

Hardcover
424 Pages

Dimensions(cm)
22.86 x 15.24 x 2.69

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Illegal Jewish immigration to Palestine prior to the founding of the State of Israel forms one of the most fascinating chapters in the history of Zionism and modern Jewish history. Bringing Jews from Europe to Palestine by land and by sea in defiance of restrictive British immigration policies was partly an undertaking of national rescue and partly a calculated strategy of political brinksmanship. In this compelling analysis, Ofer examines various illegal immigration and rescue efforts organized by the Palestinian Jewish community in both the beginning and latter phases of the war. Making exhaustive use of archival sources, Ofer provides invaluable insight into the struggles of the immigrants, the activists and supporters of the movement, the logistical obstacles, and the political forces working to halt or exploit the flow of refugees.

Industry Reviews

"Presents the best available account of the Illegal Immigration to Palestine during the years 1939-44."--American Historical Review "A riveting history of Aliya Bet....Ofers important book chronicles this tragic moment in Jewish history and adds to our knowledge of an important but often neglected facet of the Holocaust."--Midstream "An important contribution to the understanding of the role of Aliyah Bet...and the Holocaust. This riveting book...[is] based on an exhaustive study of archival sources in Israel, England, and the US."--Choice "Ofer enriches the debate over the West's moral behavior during the Holocaust by demonstrating that it was utterly unrealistic to expect Germany to cooperate in any sizable exodus of Jews from areas under its control once the Nazis adopted the 'Final Solution' in the spring of 1942"--Middle East Journal "An extensive bibliography, photographs, notes, and and index add to this work's merit, which is an important topic not very well known to most students of the Holocaust."--History: Reviews of New Books

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Illegal Immigration before World War II	p. 3
British Policy on Jewish Immigration	p. 4
The Zionist Leadership and Aliyah bet in the Early 1930s	p. 7
Hehalutz and Betar: First Attempts at Organized Aliyah bet, 1934	p. 9
Renewed Illegal Immigration, 1937 to 1939	p. 11
The Zionist Political Leadership, 1938 to 1939	p. 17
Illegal Immigration in the First Years of World War II
An Ambivalent Zionist Leadership	p. 23
Primary Considerations	p. 23
The Political Approach	p. 27
Ben-Gurion's and Shertok's Ambivalence	p. 29
The Debate Over the Three Ships	p. 31
Zionist Policy in 1941	p. 39
The Mossad and the Kladovo Darien Incident	p. 42
The Mossad's Organization of Aliyah bet	p. 43
The Kladovo Darien Incident	p. 49
The Jewish Agency, the Yugoslavian Communities, and the JDC Search for a Solution	p. 59
The Darien--An Immigrant Ship Again	p. 61
Revisionist Aliyah	p. 69
Principles and Working Patterns	p. 69
Revisionist Attempts at Centralizing Aliyah	p. 71
The Effort to Coordinate Aliyah through Rumania	p. 77
The Sakariya Affair	p. 80
The Voyage of the Pencho	p. 85
Private Aliyah: Konfino and Aliyah bet from Bulgaria, 1939 to 1940	p. 89
Why Private Work?	p. 89
The Libertad and Salvador	p. 93
Nazi Expulsion Policy: Berthold Storfer and the Immigration	p. 98
Policy and Principles	p. 98
Berthold Storfer and Emigration from the Reich in 1940	p. 103
Storfer and the Central Office for Jewish Emigration	p. 106
The Mossad, the JDC, and Storfer	p. 107
The Voyage of the Three Ships	p. 117
Storfer: Serving the Public Good or in Business for Himself?	p. 123
The White Paper and the Fate of European Jewry	p. 128
The Tenets Shaping British Policy	p. 128
The Deportation Policy: Development and Implementation	p. 138
The Rift between the Foreign Office and the Colonial Office	p. 142
Aliyah, Rescue, and the Final Solution, 1942 to 1944
The Struma	p. 147
The Struma and Its Passengers	p. 147
Zionist Policy: To Conform or Innovate?	p. 153
British Policy	p. 157
The Turkish Point of View	p. 163
After the Sinking of the Struma	p. 167
Small Boats on the Seas	p. 167
Britain: Politics of Frustration	p. 169
Zionism: Politics of Helplessness	p. 175
Nazi Policy from Deportation to Genocide: Closing the Gates to Jewish Emigration, 1943 to 1944	p. 183
Attempts to Close Rumanian Ports to Jewish Emigrants	p. 184
The Transnistria Plan	p. 187
The Nazi Blockade of Jewish Emigration from the Balkans, 1943	p. 189
The Evolution of Zionist Rescue Policy	p. 199
Facing a New Reality	p. 199
Aliyah and Rescue	p. 206
The Yishuv Delegation in Constantinople--Istanbul	p. 211
Special Difficulties in Planning Pliyah	p. 214
Aliyah and Rescue: The Case of Bulgarian Jewry, 1943	p. 218
The "Grand Plan" for 29,000 Immigrant Children	p. 218
The Mossad and the Emigration of the "One Thousand"	p. 227
British Policy: Back to "Tradition"	p. 235
Rescue at Work: The Mossad and Aliyah bet from Rumania	p. 238
The Debate Over Immigration via Sea Routes	p. 238
Contested Authority: Bucharest and the Yishuv's Delegation	p. 245
The Leadership of A. L. Zissu, Summer 1944	p. 253
The Aftermath of the Mefkura Sinking	p. 264
Rescue at Work: The War Refugee Board, Ira Hirschmann, Britain, and Aliyah Activities in Istanbul, 1944	p. 267
Approaching 1944: Rescue Politics in Transition in Britain and the United States	p. 267
War Refugee Board Representative in Turkey	p. 270
British Reaction to War Refugee Board Work in Istanbul	p. 281
Approaching the Fall of 1944	p. 284
A Time of Transition: Aliyah bet, Fall 1944	p. 286
Aliyah and the Political Debate	p. 286
Renewed Efforts in Bulgaria and Rumania	p. 294
The Stara-Zagora Affair	p. 305
Ben-Gurion Visits Bulgaria	p. 308
Conclusion	p. 311
Appendixes	p. 319
Notes	p. 329
Bibliography	p. 381
Index	p. 393
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Escaping the Holocaust

Illegal Immigration to the Land of Israel, 1939-1944

At a Glance

Hardcover

Industry Reviews

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How to return your order

Defective items

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