Experimental Design and Analysis in Animal Sciences

By: Trevor R. Morris

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Paperback | 1 July 1999

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224 Pages

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23.06 x 15.8 x 1.35

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Experimental Design and Analysis in Animals Sciences is the first book to provide detailed instructions on the design and analysis of experiments in animals sciences. Not only does it provide descriptions of the statistics of experiment design, this guide-book contains examples and suggestions that help students in their decisions on which tools are appropriate for each circumstance. The subjects covered include interpretation of dose-response experiments, change-over designs, experiments with animals in pens and paddocks, and balanced and unbalanced designs. This book will be indispensable for any graduate or advanced undergraduate student in the animal sciences.

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Society & Culture Social Issues & Processes Animals & Society Medicine Medicine in General Public Health & Preventive Medicine Epidemiology & Medical Statistics Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Medicine for Large Domestic & Farm Animals Science Biology, Life Sciences

Zoology & Animal Sciences Engineering & Technology Agriculture & Farming Animal Husbandry Botany & Plant Sciences

Preface	p. x
A Note to Students	p. xi
Symbols and Acronyms	p. xii
Introduction	p. 1
The Principles of Good Experiments	p. 1
Randomization	p. 2
Local Control	p. 3
Summary	p. 3
Blocking	p. 4
Allocating Animals to Blocks and Treatments	p. 7
Improvement in Precision Due to Blocking	p. 9
Double Blocking	p. 10
Confounding	p. 13
Block X Treatment Interaction	p. 15
Summary	p. 16
Exercise 2.1	p. 16
Exercise 2.2	p. 17
Separating Treatment Means	p. 19
Statistical Problems with Student's 't'-test	p. 20
The Philosophy of Separating Treatment Means	p. 20
An Appropriate Use of Multiple Range Testing	p. 23
The Meaning of 'Significance'	p. 23
Proving Two Things Equal	p. 25
The Balance of Probability Argument	p. 26
Dose-Response Trials	p. 27
Summary	p. 29
References	p. 29
Exercise 3.1	p. 29
Exercise 3.2	p. 30
How Many Animals?	p. 31
Estimating the CV of Future Experimental Material	p. 32
Estimating the Difference to be Expected	p. 34
Applying the Equation	p. 36
Some Examples	p. 36
What Are the Chances of Success?	p. 37
Tabulation of Number of Replicates	p. 38
What to Do if There Are Not Enough Animals	p. 39
Summary	p. 40
Exercise 4.1	p. 40
Exercise 4.2	p. 41
Exercise 4.3	p. 41
Change-over Designs	p. 42
Latin Squares	p. 43
Balanced Latin Squares	p. 46
Balanced Latin Squares with an Extra Period	p. 48
Switchback Designs	p. 49
When to Use Change-over Designs	p. 50
Summary	p. 51
Reference	p. 51
Exercise 5.1	p. 52
Pens and Paddocks	p. 53
Groups of Animals in Pens	p. 53
Keeping Records of Individuals	p. 55
Grazing Trials	p. 57
Coefficients of Variation for Groups	p. 59
Summary	p. 60
Exercise 6.1	p. 60
Factorial Designs	p. 62
Factorial Analyses with No Interactions	p. 63
Factorial Analyses When Interaction Is Present	p. 64
Two for the Price of One	p. 64
Factorial Designs with Unequal Replication (Split Plots)	p. 66
Summary	p. 68
Exercise 7.1	p. 69
Assumptions Underlying the Analysis of Variance	p. 70
Homogeneity of Variances	p. 70
The Logarithmic Transformation	p. 71
Testing for Homogeneity of Variance	p. 72
Further Examples	p. 73
Other Transformations	p. 73
Additivity	p. 74
Summary	p. 75
Reference	p. 76
Exercise 8.1	p. 76
Dose-Response Trials	p. 78
Shapes of Response Curves	p. 79
Asymptotic Responses	p. 81
Fitting Straight Lines as a Compromise	p. 83
Simple Curves	p. 86
Exponential and Inverse Polynomial Models	p. 87
The Reading Model	p. 88
Choice of Treatments	p. 90
Response Surfaces	p. 92
Summary	p. 92
References	p. 92
Exercise 9.1	p. 93
Uses of Covariance Analysis	p. 95
Covariance Adjustment Using Preliminary Variables	p. 96
Multiple Covariance	p. 100
Blocking versus Covariance	p. 101
Covariance Adjustment as an Aid to Interpretation	p. 102
Summary	p. 105
Exercise 10.1	p. 105
Unbalanced Designs	p. 107
Missing Plots	p. 108
Unbalanced Designs	p. 108
Some Examples	p. 109
Summary	p. 111
Reference	p. 111
Exercise 11.1	p. 111
Exercise 11.2	p. 111
Repeated Measures	p. 113
Time Trends	p. 115
Weighing Ruminant Animals	p. 116
Summary	p. 117
Reference	p. 117
Exercise 12.1	p. 117
Discrete Data	p. 119
Snags with the x[superscript 2] Test	p. 120
Estimating the Expected Outcome	p. 121
Summary	p. 122
Reference	p. 122
Multiple Experiments	p. 123
Planning Multi-location Experiments	p. 123
Reviewing Multiple Experiments	p. 127
Summary	p. 133
References	p. 133
Epilogue	p. 134
Appendix 1	p. 135
Random Numbers and How to Use Them	p. 135
Appendix 2	p. 137
Some Useful General Formulae	p. 137
Useful Quick Approximations	p. 137
Differences between Differences	p. 138
Appendix 3	p. 139
Answers to Exercise 2.1 Using a Pocket Calculator	p. 139
Appendix 4	p. 141
Answers to Exercise 2.1 Using SAS	p. 141
Appendix 5	p. 144
Answers to Exercise 2.2 Using a Pocket Calculator	p. 144
Appendix 6	p. 147
Answers to Exercise 2.2 Using SAS	p. 147
Appendix 7	p. 148
Separation of Treatment Means	p. 148
Orthogonal Polynomials	p. 149
Orthogonal Polynomials for Regression Analysis	p. 152
Appendix 8	p. 154
Answers to Exercise 3.1	p. 154
Answers to Exercise 3.2	p. 155
Appendix 9	p. 158
Answer to Exercise 4.1	p. 158
Answer to Part 1 of Exercise 4.2	p. 158
Answer to Part 2 of Exercise 4.2	p. 159
Answer to Exercise 4.3	p. 160
Appendix 10	p. 161
Answers to Exercise 5.1 Using a Pocket Calculator	p. 161
Appendix 11	p. 165
Answers to Exercise 5.1 Using SAS	p. 165
Appendix 12	p. 167
Example ANOVA of a Balanced Latin Square Design	p. 167
Appendix 13	p. 171
Answers to Exercise 6.1	p. 171
Appendix 14	p. 175
Answers to Exercise 7.1	p. 175
Appendix 15	p. 180
Bartlett's Test	p. 180
Appendix 16	p. 183
Answers to Exercise 8.1	p. 183
Appendix 17	p. 185
Answers to Exercise 9.1	p. 185
Appendix 18	p. 188
Example of Analysis of Covariance	p. 188
Appendix 19	p. 191
Answers to Exercise 10.1	p. 191
Appendix 20	p. 194
Answers to Exercise 11.1	p. 194
Appendix 21	p. 196
Answers to Exercise 11.2	p. 196
Appendix 22	p. 197
Answers to Exercise 12.1	p. 197
Appendix 23	p. 199
Example of Matrix Used to Fit Constants for Trials	p. 199
Appendix 24	p. 201
Table of x[superscript 2]	p. 201
Appendix 25	p. 202
F-ratio Tables	p. 202
Appendix 26	p. 204
Student's t	p. 204
Index	p. 205
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Experimental Design and Analysis in Animal Sciences

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