Preface to the First Edition | p. vii |
Preface to the Second Edition | p. xi |
The need for measure theory | p. 1 |
Various kinds of random variables | p. 1 |
The uniform distribution and non-measurable sets | p. 2 |
Exercises | p. 4 |
Section summary | p. 5 |
Probability triples | p. 7 |
Basic definition | p. 7 |
Constructing probability triples | p. 8 |
The Extension Theorem | p. 10 |
Constructing the Uniform[0, 1] distribution | p. 15 |
Extensions of the Extension Theorem | p. 18 |
Coin tossing and other measures | p. 20 |
Exercises | p. 23 |
Section summary | p. 27 |
Further probabilistic foundations | p. 29 |
Random variables | p. 29 |
Independence | p. 31 |
Continuity of probabilities | p. 33 |
Limit events | p. 34 |
Tail fields | p. 36 |
Exercises | p. 38 |
Section summary | p. 41 |
Expected values | p. 43 |
Simple random variables | p. 43 |
General non-negative random variables | p. 45 |
Arbitrary random variables | p. 49 |
The integration connection | p. 50 |
Exercises | p. 52 |
Section summary | p. 55 |
Inequalities and convergence | p. 57 |
Various inequalities | p. 57 |
Convergence of random variables | p. 58 |
Laws of large numbers | p. 60 |
Eliminating the moment conditions | p. 61 |
Exercises | p. 65 |
Section summary | p. 66 |
Distributions of random variables | p. 67 |
Change of variable theorem | p. 67 |
Examples of distributions | p. 69 |
Exercises | p. 71 |
Section summary | p. 72 |
Stochastic processes and gambling games | p. 73 |
A first existence theorem | p. 73 |
Gambling and gambler's ruin | p. 75 |
Gambling policies | p. 77 |
Exercises | p. 80 |
Section summary | p. 81 |
Discrete Markov chains | p. 83 |
A Markov chain existence theorem | p. 85 |
Transience, recurrence, and irreducibility | p. 86 |
Stationary distributions and convergence | p. 89 |
Existence of stationary distributions | p. 94 |
Exercises | p. 98 |
Section summary | p. 101 |
More probability theorems | p. 103 |
Limit theorems | p. 103 |
Differentiation of expectation | p. 106 |
Moment generating functions and large deviations | p. 107 |
Fubini's Theorem and convolution | p. 110 |
Exercises | p. 113 |
Section summary | p. 115 |
Weak convergence | p. 117 |
Equivalences of weak convergence | p. 117 |
Connections to other convergence | p. 119 |
Exercises | p. 121 |
Section summary | p. 122 |
Characteristic functions | p. 125 |
The continuity theorem | p. 126 |
The Central Limit Theorem | p. 133 |
Generalisations of the Central Limit Theorem | p. 135 |
Method of moments | p. 137 |
Exercises | p. 139 |
Section summary | p. 142 |
Decomposition of probability laws | p. 143 |
Lebesgue and Hahn decompositions | p. 143 |
Decomposition with general measures | p. 147 |
Exercises | p. 148 |
Section summary | p. 149 |
Conditional probability and expectation | p. 151 |
Conditioning on a random variable | p. 151 |
Conditioning on a sub-[sigma]-algebra | p. 155 |
Conditional variance | p. 157 |
Exercises | p. 158 |
Section summary | p. 160 |
Martingales | p. 161 |
Stopping times | p. 162 |
Martingale convergence | p. 168 |
Maximal inequality | p. 171 |
Exercises | p. 173 |
Section summary | p. 176 |
General stochastic processes | p. 177 |
Kolmogorov Existence Theorem | p. 177 |
Markov chains on general state spaces | p. 179 |
Continuous-time Markov processes | p. 182 |
Brownian motion as a limit | p. 186 |
Existence of Brownian motion | p. 188 |
Diffusions and stochastic integrals | p. 190 |
Ito's Lemma | p. 193 |
The Black-Scholes equation | p. 194 |
Section summary | p. 197 |
Mathematical Background | p. 199 |
Sets and functions | p. 199 |
Countable sets | p. 200 |
Epsilons and Limits | p. 202 |
Infimums and supremums | p. 204 |
Equivalence relations | p. 207 |
Bibliography | p. 209 |
Background in real analysis | p. 209 |
Undergraduate-level probability | p. 209 |
Graduate-level probability | p. 210 |
Pure measure theory | p. 210 |
Stochastic processes | p. 210 |
Mathematical finance | p. 211 |
Index | p. 213 |
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