| p. 1 |
The Basis for Geometric Algebra | p. 3 |
Introduction | p. 3 |
Genesis of Geometric Algebra | p. 4 |
Mathematical Elements of Geometric Algebra | p. 10 |
Geometric Algebra as a Symbolic System | p. 13 |
Geometric Algebra as an Axiomatic System (Axiom A) | p. 18 |
Some Essential Formulas and Definitions | p. 23 |
References | p. 26 |
Multivectors | p. 27 |
Geometric Product of Two Bivectors A and B | p. 27 |
Operation of Reversion | p. 29 |
Magnitude of a Multivector | p. 30 |
Directions and Projections | p. 30 |
Angles and Exponential Functions (as Operators) | p. 34 |
Exponential Functions of Multivectors | p. 37 |
References | p. 39 |
Euclidean Plane | p. 41 |
The Algebra of Euclidean Plane | p. 41 |
Geometric Interpretation of a Bivector of Euclidean Plane | p. 44 |
Spinor i-Plane | p. 45 |
Correspondence between the i-Plane of Vectors and the Spinor Plane | p. 47 |
Distinction between Vector and Spinor Planes | p. 47 |
Some Observations | p. 49 |
The Geometric Algebra of a Plane | p. 50 |
References | p. 51 |
The Pseudoscalar and Imaginary Unit | p. 53 |
The Geometric Algebra of Euclidean 3-Space | p. 53 |
The Pseudoscalar of E3 | p. 56 |
Complex Conjugation | p. 57 |
Some Important Results | p. 57 |
References | p. 58 |
Real Dirac Algebra | p. 59 |
Geometric Significance of the Dirac Matrices[gamma subscript Mu] | p. 59 |
Geometric Algebra of Space-Time | p. 60 |
Conjugations | p. 64 |
Conjugate Multivectors (Reversion) | p. 64 |
Space-Time Conjugation | p. 65 |
Space Conjugation | p. 65 |
Hermitian Conjugation | p. 65 |
Lorentz Rotations | p. 66 |
Spinor Theory of Rotations in Three-Dimensional Euclidean Space | p. 69 |
References | p. 72 |
Spinor and Quaternion Algebra | p. 75 |
Spinor Algebra: Quaternion Algebra | p. 75 |
Vector Algebra | p. 77 |
Clifford Algebra: Grand Synthesis of Algebra of Grassmann and Hamilton and the Geometric Algebra of Hestenes | p. 78 |
References | p. 80 |
| p. 81 |
Maxwell Equations | p. 83 |
Maxwell Equations in Minkowski Space-Time | p. 83 |
Maxwell Equations in Riemann Space-Time (V[subscript 4] Manifold) | p. 85 |
Maxwell Equations in Riemann-Cartan Space-Time (U[subscript 4] Manifold) | p. 86 |
Maxwell Equations in Terms of Space-Time Algebra (STA) | p. 88 |
References | p. 91 |
Electromagnetic Field in Space and Time (Polarization of Electromagnetic Waves) | p. 93 |
Electromagnetic (e.m.) Waves and Geometric Algebra | p. 93 |
Polarization of Electromagnetic Waves | p. 94 |
Quaternion Form of Maxwell Equations from the Spinor Form of STA | p. 97 |
Maxwell Equations in Vector Algebra from the Quaternion (Spinor) Formalism | p. 99 |
Majorana-Weyl Equations from the Quaternion (Spinor) Formalism of Maxwell Equations | p. 100 |
Complex Numbers in Electrodynamics | p. 103 |
Plane-Wave Solutions to Maxwell Equations - Polarization of e.m. Waves | p. 105 |
References | p. 107 |
General Observations and Generators of Rotations (Neutron Interferometer Experiment) | p. 109 |
Review of Space-Time Algebra (STA) | p. 109 |
Note | p. 110 |
Multivectors | p. 111 |
Reversion | p. 111 |
Lorentz Rotation R | p. 111 |
Two Special Classes of Lorentz Rotations: Boosts and Spatial Rotations | p. 112 |
Magnitude | p. 112 |
The Algebra of a Euclidean Plane | p. 113 |
The Algebra of Euclidean 3-Space | p. 114 |
The Algebra of Space-Time | p. 116 |
The Dirac Equation without Complex Numbers | p. 116 |
Observables and the Wave Function | p. 118 |
Generators of Rotations in Space-Time: Intrinsic Spin | p. 120 |
General Observations | p. 121 |
Fiber Bundles and Quantum Theory vis-a-vis the Geometric Algebra Approach | p. 122 |
Fiber Bundle Picture of the Neutron Interferometer Experiment | p. 122 |
Multivector Algebra | p. 125 |
Lorentz Rotations | p. 127 |
Conclusion | p. 129 |
Charge Conjugation | p. 132 |
| p. 133 |
References | p. 134 |
Quantum Gravity in Real Space-Time (Commutators and Anticommutators) | p. 137 |
Quantum Gravity and Geometric Algebra | p. 137 |
Quantum Gravity and Torsion | p. 140 |
Quantum Gravity in Real Space-Time | p. 142 |
A Quadratic Hamiltonian | p. 146 |
Spin Fluctuations | p. 149 |
Some Remarks and Conclusions | p. 154 |
Commutator and Anticommutator | p. 156 |
References | p. 158 |
Index | p. 159 |
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