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Grammatical Competence and Parsing Performance

Hardcover | 1 November 1992 | Edition Number 1

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How does a parser, a device that imposes an analysis on a string of symbols so that they can be interpreted, work? More specifically, how does the parser in the human cognitive mechanism operate? Using a wide range of empirical data concerning human natural language processing, Bradley Pritchett demonstrates that parsing performance depends on grammatical competence, not, as many have thought, on perception, computation, or semantics.
Pritchett critiques the major performance-based parsing models to argue that the principles of grammar drive the parser; the parser, furthermore, is the apparatus that tries to enforce the conditions of the grammar at every point in the processing of a sentence. In comparing garden path phenomena, those instances when the parser fails on the first reading of a sentence and must reanalyze it, with occasions when the parser successfully functions the first time around, Pritchett makes a convincing case for a grammar-derived parsing theory.

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Non-Fiction Language & Linguistics Linguistics Psycholinguistics Computing & I.T.Computer Science Artificial Intelligence Natural Language & Machine Translation Grammar, Syntax & Morphology Sociology & Anthropology

Preface
List of Abbreviations and Glosses
The Garden Path Phenomenon
The Problem
Grammar and Parser
Local and Global Ambiguity
Problematic and Unproblematic Ambiguity
Deep and Surface Factors in Processing Breakdown
Theta Attachment
The Theta Reanalysis Constraint
Performance-Based Models of Human Natural Language Processing
Perceptual Approaches
The Canonical Sentoid Strategy
Kimball's Seven Surface Principles
The Sausage Machine
Steal-NP
Computational Approaches
Augmented Transition Networks
Deterministic Parsing and Look-Ahead
Deterministic Parsing and Minimal Commitment
Lexical Approaches
Lexical Functional Grammar
Semantic Approaches
Interpretive Islands
Semantic Reanalysis Strategies
Summary
Grammatical Theory of Processing
Starting Assumptions
An Unambiguous Example
Object-Subject Ambiguity
Prepositional Object versus Clausal Subject
Verbal Complement versus Clausal Subject
Complement Clause-Relative Clause Ambiguity
Matrix Clause-Relative NP Ambiguity
Canonical Garden Path Effects
Canonical Garden Paths Avoided
The On-Line Locality Constraint
Ditransitive Constraint
A False Prediction
From the TRC to the On-Line Locality Constraint
(Re)Establishing the OLLC
Ditransitives Redux
Lexical Ambiguity
Intracategorial Ambiguity
Structural Ramifications of Lexical Ambiguity
Structural Constancy and Multi-Element Chains
Generalized Theta Attachment
Beyond the Theta Criterion
Eliminating Role Content
Adjunct Attachment
The Failure of Minimal Attachment
Quasi-Arguments
Cross-Linguistic Predictions
Mandarin
Hebrew
German
Japanese
Korean
Conclusions
Notes References
Index of Names
General Index
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

Grammatical Competence and Parsing Performance

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