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Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion : Industrial Combustion - Charles E. Baukal Jr.

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Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion

Name: Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion
Brand: CRC PR INC
Price: 436.5 AUD
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By: Charles E. Baukal Jr.

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Hardcover | 26 May 2000 | Edition Number 1

At a Glance

Hardcover
568 Pages

Dimensions(cm)
25.4 x 17.8 x 4.04

Hardcover

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Industry relies heavily on the combustion process. The already high demand for energy, primarily from combustion, is expected to continue to rapidly increase. Yet, the information is scattered and incomplete, with very little attention paid to the overall combustion system. Designed for practicing engineers, Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion eclipses the extant literature with an emphasis on the aspects of heat transfer that directly apply to industry.

From a practical point of view, the editor organizes relevant papers into a single, coherent resource. The book encompasses heat transfer, thermodynamics, and fluid mechanics, including the little-covered subjects of the use of oxygen to enhance combustion and flame impingement. Maximizing applications and minimizing theory, it covers modes of heat transfer, computer modeling, heat transfer from flame impingement, from burners, low temperature, high temperature, and advanced applications, and more.

The theoretical focus of most literature has created a clear need for a practical treatment of the heat transfer as it applies to industrial combustion systems. With detailed coverage and extensive references, Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion fills this void.

Features

Industry Reviews

"This reviewer would like to congratulate the author for a well-written and a comprehensive book on industrial combustion With the comprehensive review of the literature and the clear presentation of fundamentals of mass, momentum, and heat transport in combustion flames, this book should find its place as a valuable reference to practitioners in the field of combustionThis reviewer recommends Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion to his peers as well as to the libraries of institutions for higher learning." -Lea-Der Chen, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA "This book is intended to 'fill a gap in the literature for books on heat transfer in industrial combustion, written for the practicing engineersthis book would be very useful when teaching combustion and propulsion class."" -Applied Mechanics Review, vol. 54, no. 4, July 2001

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Mechanical Engineering & Materials Mechanical Engineering Science Physics Thermodynamics & Heat Civil Engineering Energy Technology & Engineering Materials Science Engineering Thermodynamics Technology in General

Engineering in General

Introduction
Importance of Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion	p. 1
Energy Consumption	p. 1
Research Needs	p. 1
Literature Discussion	p. 6
Heat Transfer	p. 6
Combustion	p. 7
Heat Transfer and Combustion	p. 7
Combustion System Components	p. 8
Burners	p. 8
Competing Priorities	p. 9
Design Factors	p. 10
General Burner Types	p. 13
Combustors	p. 18
Design Considerations	p. 18
General Classifications	p. 19
Heat Load	p. 21
Process Tubes	p. 21
Moving Substrate	p. 21
Opaque Materials	p. 22
Transparent Materials	p. 22
Heat Recovery Devices	p. 23
Recuperators	p. 23
Regenerators	p. 23
References	p. 24
Some Fundamentals of Combustion
Combustion Chemistry	p. 29
Fuel Properties	p. 29
Oxidizer Composition	p. 30
Mixture Ratio	p. 30
Operating Regimes	p. 33
Combustion Properties	p. 34
Combustion Products	p. 34
Oxidizer Composition	p. 34
Mixture Ratio	p. 37
Air and Fuel Preheat Temperature	p. 38
Fuel Composition	p. 40
Flame Temperature	p. 40
Oxidizer and Fuel Composition	p. 40
Mixture Ratio	p. 41
Oxidizer and Fuel Preheat Temperature	p. 43
Available Heat	p. 43
Flue Gas Volume	p. 46
Exhaust Product Transport Properties	p. 48
Density	p. 49
Specific Heat	p. 51
Thermal Conductivity	p. 53
Viscosity	p. 55
Prandtl Number	p. 58
Lewis Number	p. 60
References	p. 64
Heat Transfer Modes
Introduction	p. 65
Convection	p. 65
Forced Convection	p. 66
Forced Convection from Flames	p. 66
Forced Convection from Outside Combustor Wall	p. 68
Forced Convection from Hot Gases to Tubes	p. 68
Natural Convection	p. 68
Natural Convection from Flames	p. 68
Natural Convection from Outside Combustor Wall	p. 69
Radiation	p. 69
Surface Radiation	p. 72
Nonluminous Radiation	p. 82
Theory	p. 82
Combustion Studies	p. 90
Luminous Radiation	p. 102
Theory	p. 102
Combustion Studies	p. 105
Conduction	p. 109
Steady-State Conduction	p. 110
Transient Conduction	p. 113
Phase Change	p. 114
Melting	p. 114
Boiling	p. 114
Internal Boiling	p. 116
External Boiling	p. 116
Condensation	p. 117
References	p. 117
Heat Sources and Sinks
Heat Sources	p. 123
Combustibles	p. 123
Fuel Combustion	p. 123
Volatile Combustion	p. 123
Thermochemical Heat Release	p. 124
Equilibrium TCHR	p. 126
Catalytic TCHR	p. 127
Mixed TCHR	p. 127
Heat Sinks	p. 127
Load	p. 128
Tubes	p. 128
Substrate	p. 129
Granular Solid	p. 129
Molten Liquid	p. 131
Surface Conditions	p. 132
Wall Losses	p. 140
Openings	p. 143
Radiation	p. 143
Gas Flow Through Openings	p. 143
Material Transport	p. 145
References	p. 145
Computer Modeling
Combustion Modeling	p. 149
Modeling Approaches	p. 150
Fluid Dynamics	p. 151
Moment Averaging	p. 151
Vortex Methods	p. 152
Spectral Methods	p. 152
Direct Numerical Simulation	p. 153
Geometry	p. 153
Zero-Dimensional Modeling	p. 153
One-Dimensional Modeling	p. 153
Multi-dimensional Modeling	p. 154
Reaction Chemistry	p. 154
Nonreacting Flows	p. 155
Simplified Chemistry	p. 155
Complex Chemistry	p. 156
Radiation	p. 156
Nonradiating	p. 156
Participating Media	p. 157
Time Dependence	p. 158
Steady State	p. 158
Transient	p. 158
Simplified Models	p. 159
Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling	p. 159
Increasing Popularity of CFD	p. 159
Potential Problems of CFD	p. 161
Equations	p. 162
Fluid Dynamics	p. 162
Heat Transfer	p. 164
Chemistry	p. 169
Multiple Phases	p. 170
Boundary and Initial Conditions	p. 171
Inlets and Outlets	p. 172
Surfaces	p. 172
Symmetry	p. 172
Discretization	p. 173
Finite Difference Technique	p. 173
Finite Volume Technique	p. 174
Finite Element Technique	p. 175
Mixed	p. 175
None	p. 175
Solution Methods	p. 175
Model Validation	p. 176
Industrial Combustion Examples	p. 177
Modeling Burners	p. 177
Modeling Combustors	p. 178
References	p. 181
Experimental Techniques
Introduction	p. 195
Heat Flux	p. 195
Total Heat Flux	p. 195
Steady-State Uncooled Solids	p. 196
Steady-State Cooled Solids	p. 196
Steady-State Cooled Gages	p. 197
Transient Uncooled Targets	p. 198
Transient Uncooled Gages	p. 198
Radiant Heat Flux	p. 200
Heat Flux Gage	p. 200
Ellipsoidal Radiometer	p. 203
Spectral Radiometer	p. 204
Other Techniques	p. 204
Convective Heat Flux	p. 206
Temperature	p. 207
Gas Temperature	p. 207
Suction Pyrometer	p. 207
Optical Techniques	p. 209
Fine Wire Thermocouples	p. 209
Line Reversal	p. 213
Surface Temperature	p. 213
Embedded Thermocouple	p. 213
Infrared Detectors	p. 214
Gas Flow	p. 216
Gas Velocity	p. 216
Pitot Tubes	p. 216
Laser Doppler Velocimetry	p. 218
Other Techniques	p. 219
Static Pressure Distribution	p. 219
Stagnation Velocity Gradient	p. 219
Stagnation Zone	p. 220
Gas Species	p. 221
Other Measurements	p. 221
Physical Modeling	p. 223
References	p. 223
Flame Impingement
Introduction	p. 231
Experimental Conditions	p. 233
Configurations	p. 234
Flame Normal to a Cylinder in Crossflow	p. 235
Flame Normal to a Hemispherically Nosed Cylinder	p. 236
Flame Normal to a Plane Surface	p. 236
Flame Parallel to a Plane Surface	p. 238
Operating Conditions	p. 238
Oxidizers	p. 238
Fuels	p. 240
Equivalence Ratios	p. 240
Firing Rates	p. 243
Reynolds Number	p. 243
Burners	p. 243
Nozzle Diameter	p. 246
Location	p. 246
Stagnation Targets	p. 246
Size	p. 247
Target Materials	p. 248
Surface Preparation	p. 248
Surface Temperatures	p. 250
Measurements	p. 250
Semianalytical Heat Transfer Solutions	p. 250
Equation Parameters	p. 257
Thermophysical Properties	p. 258
Stagnation Velocity Gradient	p. 261
Equations	p. 263
Sibulkin Results	p. 263
Fay and Riddell Results	p. 263
Rosner Results	p. 264
Comparisons With Experiments	p. 264
Forced Convection (Negligible TCHR)	p. 264
Forced Convection with TCHR	p. 266
Sample Calculations	p. 268
Laminar Flames Without TCHR	p. 268
Turbulent Flames Without TCHR	p. 269
Laminar Flames with TCHR	p. 270
Summary	p. 270
Empirical Heat Transfer Correlations	p. 271
Thermophysical Properties	p. 272
Flames Impinging Normal to a Cylinder	p. 272
Local Convection Heat Transfer	p. 273
Average Convection Heat Transfer	p. 273
Average Convection Heat Transfer with TCHR	p. 274
Average Radiation Heat Transfer	p. 274
Maximum Convection and Radiation Heat Transfer	p. 275
Flames Impining Normal to a Hemi-Nosed Cylinder	p. 275
Local Convection Heat Transfer	p. 275
Local Convection Heat Transfer with TCHR	p. 276
Flames Impinging Normal to a Plane Surface	p. 276
Local Convection Heat Transfer	p. 276
Local Convection Heat Transfer with TCHR	p. 279
Average Convection Heat Transfer	p. 279
Flames Parallel to a Plane Surface	p. 280
Local Convection Heat Transfer With TCHR	p. 280
Local Convection and Radiation Heat Transfer	p. 281
References	p. 281
Heat Transfer from Burners
Introduction	p. 285
Open-Flame Burners	p. 285
Momentum Effects	p. 285
Flame Luminosity	p. 285
Firing Rate Effects	p. 287
Flame Shape Effects	p. 292
Radiant Burners	p. 296
Perforated Ceramic or Wire Mesh Radiant Burners	p. 300
Flame Impingement Radiant Burners	p. 301
Porous Refractory Radiant Burners	p. 302
Advanced Ceramic Radiant Burners	p. 307
Radiant Wall Burners	p. 311
Radiant Tube Burners	p. 311
Effects on Heat Transfer	p. 316
Fuel Effects	p. 316
Solid Fuels	p. 316
Liquid Fuels	p. 316
Gaseous Fuels	p. 316
Fuel Temperature	p. 317
Oxidizer Effects	p. 318
Oxidizer Composition	p. 318
Oxidizer Temperature	p. 318
Staging Effects	p. 320
Fuel Staging	p. 321
Oxidizer Staging	p. 322
Burner Orientation	p. 322
Hearth-Fired Burners	p. 323
Wall-Fired Burners	p. 324
Roof-Fired Burners	p. 325
Side-Fired Burners	p. 326
Heat Recuperation	p. 326
Regenerative Burners	p. 327
Recuperative Burners	p. 329
Furnace or Flue Gas Recirculation	p. 331
Pulse Combustion	p. 331
In-Flame Treatment	p. 335
References	p. 337
Heat Transfer in Furnaces
Introduction	p. 345
Furnaces	p. 346
Firing Method	p. 347
Direct Firing	p. 347
Indirect Firing	p. 347
Heat Distribution	p. 349
Load Processing Method	p. 351
Batch Processing	p. 351
Continuous Processing	p. 351
Hybrid Processing	p. 352
Heat Transfer Medium	p. 352
Gaseous Medium	p. 352
Vacuum	p. 353
Liquid Medium	p. 353
Solid Medium	p. 354
Geometry	p. 354
Rotary Geometry	p. 355
Rectangular Geometry	p. 358
Ladle Geometry	p. 358
Vertical Cylindrical Geometry	p. 360
Furnace Types	p. 360
Reverberatory Furnace	p. 360
Shaft Kiln	p. 362
Rotary Furnace	p. 362
Heat Recovery	p. 363
Recuperators	p. 364
Regenerators	p. 364
Gas Recirculation	p. 366
Flue Gas Recirculation	p. 366
Furnace Gas Recirculation	p. 366
References	p. 367
Lower Temperature Applications
Introduction	p. 369
Ovens and Dryers	p. 369
Predryer	p. 369
Dryer	p. 372
Fired Heaters	p. 375
Reformer	p. 376
Process Heater	p. 378
Heat Treating	p. 384
Standard Atmosphere	p. 387
Special Atmosphere	p. 387
References	p. 391
Higher Temperature Applications
Introduction	p. 395
Furnaces	p. 395
Industries	p. 395
Metals Industry	p. 396
Ferrous Metal Production	p. 396
Electric Arc Furnace	p. 396
Smelting	p. 399
Ladle Preheating	p. 399
Reheating Furnace	p. 402
Forging	p. 407
Aluminum Metal Production	p. 408
Minerals Industry	p. 410
Glass	p. 411
Types of Traditional Glass-Melting Furnaces	p. 412
Unit Melter	p. 412
Recuperative Melter	p. 412
Regenerative or Siemens Furnace	p. 412
Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion for Glass Production	p. 414
Advanced Techniques for Glass Production	p. 416
Cement and Lime	p. 417
Bricks, Refractories, and Ceramics	p. 419
Waste Incineration	p. 419
Types of Incinerators	p. 422
Municipal Waste Incinerators	p. 422
Sludge Incinerators	p. 423
Mobile Incinerators	p. 424
Transportable Incinerators	p. 425
Fixed Hazardous Waste Incinerators	p. 425
Heat Transfer in Waste Incineration	p. 426
References	p. 428
Advanced Combustion Systems
Introduction	p. 433
Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion	p. 433
Typical Use Methods	p. 434
Air Enrichment	p. 434
O[subscript 2] Lancing	p. 435
Oxy/Fuel	p. 435
Air-Oxy/Fuel	p. 436
Operating Regimes	p. 437
Heat Transfer Benefits	p. 437
Increased Productivity	p. 437
Higher Thermal Efficiencies	p. 438
Higher Heat Transfer Efficiency	p. 438
Increased Flexibility	p. 438
Potential Heat Transfer Problems	p. 439
Refractory Damage	p. 439
Nonuniform Heating	p. 440
Industrial Heating Applications	p. 440
Metals	p. 440
Minerals	p. 440
Incineration	p. 441
Other	p. 441
Submerged Combustion	p. 441
Metals Production	p. 441
Minerals Production	p. 443
Liquid Heating	p. 444
Miscellaneous	p. 444
Surface Combustor-Heater	p. 445
Direct-Fired Cylinder Dryer	p. 445
References	p. 446
Appendices
Reference Sources for Further Information	p. 449
Common Conversions	p. 451
Methods of Expressing Mixture Ratios for CH[subscript 4], C[subscript 3]H[subscript 8], and H[subscript 2]	p. 453
Properties for CH[subscript 4], C[subscript 3]H[subscript 8], and H[subscript 2] Flames	p. 459
Fluid Dynamics Equations	p. 497
Material Properties	p. 501
Author Index	p. 521
Subject Index	p. 535
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion

At a Glance

Hardcover

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