Horizons Exploring the Universe

TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITED: PART I: EXPLORING THE SKY. 1. Here and Now. Where Are We? When Is Now? Why Study Astronomy? 2. A User's Guide to the Sky. The Stars. The Sky: Its Motions and Cycles. 3. Cycles of the Sun and Moon. Cycles of the Sun. Astronomical Influences on Earth's Climate. The Changeable Moon. 4. The Origin of Modern Astronomy. Prehistoric Astronomy. Classical Astronomy. The Copernican Revolution. Planetary Motion. Galileo Galilei. Isaac Newton and Orbital Motion. 5. Light and Telescopes. Radiation: Information from Space. Telescopes. Observatories on Earth: Optical and Radio. Airborne and Space Observatories. Astronomical Instruments and Techniques. PART II: THE STARS. 6. Atoms and Spectra. Atoms. Interactions of Light and Matter. Understanding Spectra. 7. The Sun. The Solar Atmosphere. Solar Activity. Nuclear Fusion in the Sun. 8. The Family of Stars. Star Distances. Apparent Brightness, Intrinsic Brightness, and Luminosity. Stellar Spectra. Star Sizes. Star Masses -- Binary Stars. A Census of the Stars. 9. The Formation of Stars and Planets. The Interstellar Medium. Making Stars from the Interstellar Medium. Young Stars and Disks. 10. Stellar Structure and Evolution. Stellar Structure and Nuclear Fusion. Main-Sequence Stars. After the Main Sequence. Lower-Main-Sequence Stars. The Evolution of Binary Systems. 11. Supernovas, Neutron Stars, and Black Holes. The Deaths of Massive Stars. Neutron Stars. Black Holes. Power Unleashed. PART III: THE UNIVERSE OF GALAXIES. 12. The Milky Way Galaxy. Discovery of the Galaxy. Structure of the Galaxy. Spiral Arms and Star Formation. The Nucleus of the Galaxy. Origin and History of the Milky Way Galaxy. 13. Galaxies: Normal and Active. The Family of Galaxies. Measuring the Properties of Galaxies. The Evolution of Galaxies. Active Galactic Nuclei. Supermassive Black Holes. 14. Modern Cosmology. Introduction to the Universe. The Big Bang Theory. Space and Time, Matter and Energy. Twenty-First-Century Cosmology. PART IV: THE SOLAR SYSTEM. 15. The Solar System: A Cosmic Family Portrait. The Great Chain of Origins. A Family Portrait of the Solar System. A Recipe for Planets. 16. Earth and Moon: Bases for Comparative Planetology. A Travel Guide to the Terrestrial Planets. Planet Earth. The Moon. 17. Mercury, Venus, and Mars. Mercury. Venus. Mars. 18. The Giant Planets. A Travel Guide to the Outer Solar System. Jupiter. Saturn. Uranus. Neptune. 19. Comets, Asteroids, Meteorites. Comets. Asteroids. Pluto and the Kuiper Belt. Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites. Asteroid and Comet Impacts. PART V: LIFE ON OTHER WORLDS. 20. Extrasolar Planets: Worlds Around Other Suns. Properties and Formation of the Solar System, Reprise. Discovering Extrasolar Planets. Extrasolar Planets Zoology. 21. Astrobiology: Life on Other Worlds. The Nature of Life. Life in the Universe. Intelligent Life in the Universe. Afterword. Appendix A: Units and Astronomical Data. Appendix B: Observing the Sky. Glossary. Answers to Even-Numbered Problems. Credits. Index.