| Preface | p. IX |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Water Levels | p. 3 |
| Purpose | p. 3 |
| The water level gauging station | p. 3 |
| Selection of gauge sites | p. 5 |
| Different types of gauges | p. 6 |
| Overview of water level gauges | p. 6 |
| The staff gauge | p. 6 |
| The float operated gauge | p. 8 |
| Pressure transducers | p. 8 |
| Bubble gauges | p. 10 |
| Ultrasonic sensor | p. 10 |
| Peak level indicators | p. 12 |
| Automatic recording systems | p. 13 |
| Introduction | p. 13 |
| Analogue mechanical recorders | p. 14 |
| Digital mechanical recorders | p. 17 |
| Electronic recorders | p. 18 |
| Shaft Encoders | p. 19 |
| Function and design of a stilling well for float operated gauges | p. 20 |
| Description of the float system | p. 20 |
| Example of the design of a float operated system | p. 26 |
| Errors with float-operated systems | p. 28 |
| Chimney effect with a protruding intake pipe | p. 30 |
| Accuracy of water level measurements | p. 31 |
| Presentation of results of water level measurements | p. 32 |
| International standards | p. 35 |
| Measurement of Bed Levels | p. 37 |
| Introduction | p. 37 |
| Position fixing | p. 39 |
| Global Positioning System, GPS | p. 40 |
| Instruments for traditional position fixing | p. 46 |
| Examples of traditional position fixing in a straight range line | p. 49 |
| Examples of traditional position fixing in a free system | p. 50 |
| Sounding and sounding instruments | p. 52 |
| Data processing | p. 55 |
| International standards | p. 58 |
| Discharge Measurements | p. 59 |
| Introduction | p. 59 |
| Purpose | p. 60 |
| Relation discharge - bed roughness | p. 60 |
| Various methods of discharge measurements | p. 62 |
| Velocity area method | p. 65 |
| Introduction | p. 65 |
| Velocity distribution in the cross-section | p. 65 |
| Selection of site | p. 70 |
| Instruments to measure point flow velocities | p. 72 |
| Velocity measurements | p. 78 |
| Determination mean velocity in the vertical | p. 81 |
| Determination of the total discharge in the cross-section | p. 83 |
| Uncertainties in the velocity area method | p. 87 |
| Limited number of verticals (the d[superscript 3/2] method) | p. 92 |
| The moving boat method | p. 94 |
| Float measurements | p. 97 |
| The Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, ADCP | p. 100 |
| Slope area method | p. 105 |
| Dilution methods | p. 111 |
| Stage discharge method | p. 118 |
| Introduction | p. 118 |
| Controls | p. 119 |
| Determination of the unique rating curve | p. 121 |
| Extrapolation of rating curves | p. 126 |
| Non-unique rating curves | p. 127 |
| Processing of stage discharge data | p. 132 |
| Statistical evaluation of discharge data | p. 132 |
| Slope stage discharge method | p. 136 |
| Acoustic method | p. 138 |
| The electromagnetic method | p. 142 |
| Pumping stations | p. 144 |
| Introduction | p. 144 |
| The Archimedean-type screw pump | p. 144 |
| Centrifugal pumps | p. 148 |
| Flow measurement structures | p. 150 |
| Selection of discharge measurement methods | p. 151 |
| International standards | p. 152 |
| Measurement of Sediment Transport | p. 155 |
| Introduction | p. 155 |
| Sediment yield | p. 156 |
| Bed forms | p. 157 |
| Classification of sediment transport | p. 159 |
| Introduction | p. 159 |
| Bed load | p. 160 |
| Suspended load | p. 161 |
| Wash load | p. 162 |
| Sediment transport measurements | p. 163 |
| Introduction | p. 163 |
| Bed load Transport Meter Arnhem | p. 164 |
| Dune tracking method | p. 168 |
| Delft Bottle | p. 169 |
| Optical and acoustic sampling methods | p. 171 |
| Water sampler | p. 172 |
| Bottom grab and bottom sampling | p. 174 |
| Grain sizes | p. 176 |
| Intake structures on a meandering river | p. 179 |
| International standards | p. 180 |
| Flow Measurement Structures | p. 183 |
| Introduction | p. 183 |
| Functions of structures | p. 184 |
| Structures in irrigation schemes | p. 185 |
| Introduction | p. 185 |
| Brief description of structures | p. 187 |
| Flow control systems | p. 193 |
| Classification of flow measurement structures | p. 194 |
| Broad-crested weirs | p. 194 |
| Sharp-crested weirs | p. 194 |
| Short-crested weirs | p. 196 |
| End depth methods | p. 196 |
| Flumes | p. 196 |
| Gates | p. 198 |
| Fields of application | p. 199 |
| Irrigation and drainage projects (agriculture) | p. 199 |
| Sanitary engineering and industry | p. 200 |
| Hydrological studies | p. 200 |
| Laboratory measurements | p. 201 |
| Definition of weir flow | p. 202 |
| Head-discharge equations | p. 203 |
| Selection of the most suitable flow measurement structure | p. 206 |
| Characteristics | p. 206 |
| Field conditions | p. 208 |
| Human requirements | p. 208 |
| Design of a flow measurement structure | p. 210 |
| Introduction | p. 210 |
| Selection of the most appropriate type | p. 210 |
| Description of the round-nose horizontal broad-crested weir | p. 211 |
| Hydraulic design | p. 214 |
| Set up of the rating curve | p. 216 |
| Calibration of flow measurement structures using scale models | p. 218 |
| Fishways | p. 220 |
| Classification of fishways | p. 220 |
| Rating curves of fishways | p. 221 |
| Accuracy of discharge measurements | p. 222 |
| Standardization of flow measurement structures | p. 223 |
| Hydrological Networks | p. 225 |
| Introduction | p. 225 |
| The dynamics of a water system | p. 227 |
| Purpose and first setting up of a hydrological network | p. 228 |
| Optimization of monitoring networks | p. 231 |
| Organization of a Survey | p. 235 |
| International Standards | p. 241 |
| References | p. 243 |
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