Integrated Greenhouse Systems for Mild Climates

Climate Conditions, Design, Construction, Maintenance, Climate Control

By: Christian Von Zabeltitz

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Hardcover | 2 October 2010

At a Glance

Hardcover
376 Pages

Dimensions(cm)
23.39 x 15.6 x 2.24

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$410.22

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Crop production in greenhouses is a growing industry, especially in mild climates, and is very important for the population as a source of income and clean, fresh food. Greenhouses create optimal climate conditions for crop growth and protect crops from outside pests. At the same time greenhouse production increases water use efficiency and makes integrated production and protection (IPP) possible. This book provides technical instructions for practice (what to do and what not to do) and gives answers to the question: How to produce more clean crops and better quality with less water, less land and less pesticide. Suitable greenhouse constructions and their design, adapted to local climates in subtropical, tropical and arid regions and infrastructure conditions are presented. The necessary climate control measures - light transmittance, ventilation, cooling, heating, and CO2 enrichment - and physical measures for pest control, as well as methods for using solar energy to desalinate salty water are described. The results of theoretical research are transferred into methods for practical use, so that readers are equipped to solve their problems in practice as well as to get stimulation for further research and development.

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Agriculture & Farming Commercial Horticulture Environmental Science Gardening Greenhouses Science Biology, Life Sciences Botany & Plant Sciences Plant Reproduction & Propagation Biochemical Engineering

Biotechnology Agricultural Science

Introduction	p. 1
Climate Conditions and Classification	p. 5
The Climate Elements	p. 5
Solar Radiation	p. 5
Temperature	p. 9
Precipitation	p. 12
Classification of Climates	p. 17
A. Tropical Humid Zones	p. 17
B. Dry Zones	p. 17
C. Subtropical Zones	p. 19
D. Temperate Zones	p. 21
E. Boreal	p. 21
F. Polar	p. 21
Tropical and Equatorial Zone	p. 21
Subtropical Climate: C	p. 23
Dry Climates: B	p. 24
Highlands: H	p. 24
Crop Growth Requirements and Climate Control	p. 29
Climate Requirements	p. 29
Consequences for Greenhouse Construction	p. 30
Measures for Climate Control	p. 30
Tropical Regions	p. 31
Subtropical Regions	p. 33
Arid Regions	p. 42
Design Criteria for Greenhouses	p. 45
Greenhouse Types	p. 46
Site Selection	p. 46
General Design Criteria	p. 47
Loads for Greenhouse Structures	p. 47
General Requirements	p. 48
Ar: Tropical Wet Climates	p. 48
Aw: Tropical Wet and Dry Climates	p. 49
Cf: Subtropical Humid	p. 50
Cs: Subtropical Dry Summer. Mediterranean	p. 51
H: Tropical Highlands	p. 51
B: Dry Climates	p. 52
General Design Requirements	p. 52
A. Structure	p. 52
B. Climate Control	p. 56
C. Integrated Plant Production and Protection (IPP)	p. 57
Greenhouse Structures	p. 59
Round Arched Tunnel Greenhouses	p. 62
Improvements for Tunnel Greenhouses	p. 65
Dimensions	p. 66
Pointed Arched Construction	p. 68
Enlarged Tunnel Greenhouse	p. 69
Multi-Span Greenhouses	p. 71
Greenhouses for Tropical Lowlands	p. 76
Greenhouses for Tropical Highlands and Subtropics	p. 85
Greenhouse Constructions for Arid Regions	p. 90
Screen and Shade Houses	p. 93
Specific Greenhouses	p. 100
Parral Type, Almeria	p. 100
Greenhouses for Banana	p. 104
Greenhouses for Terraces	p. 104
Tent-type Construction	p. 106
Life Cycle Assessment, LCA	p. 111
Results	p. 128
Light Transmittance of Greenhouses	p. 137
Cladding Material	p. 145
Materials	p. 145
Ultra Violet Radiation (UV)	p. 147
Photosynthetic Active Radiation PAR or Visible Light	p. 147
LongWave Radiation, Far Infrared FIR	p. 148
Influence of Dust and Dirt	p. 148
Influence of Selective Spectral Transmittance	p. 149
Transmittance and Blocking of UV Radiation	p. 152
Photoselective Plastic Films and Screens	p. 157
Near Infrared (NIR) Blocking and Reflecting Materials	p. 159
Diffuse Light	p. 162
Drop Condensation	p. 162
Greenhouse Components, Mounting, Installation and Maintenance	p. 169
Foundation	p. 169
Connections and Clamps	p. 170
How to Do and How Not to Do the Clamp Connections	p. 171
Fastening and Stretching of the Cladding Material	p. 174
Leaks	p. 179
Windbreaks	p. 185
Ventilation	p. 193
Natural Ventilation	p. 193
Air Exchange	p. 194
Ventilation Opening Area	p. 195
Ventilation Efficiency	p. 199
Types of Natural Ventilation Openings	p. 200
Side Wall Ventilation	p. 200
Roof Ventilation	p. 201
Side Wall and Roof Ventilation	p. 215
Ventilation of Specific Greenhouses	p. 220
Forced Ventilation	p. 228
Insect Screening	p. 233
Enlargement of Screened Vent Openings	p. 235
Necessary Enlargement of Screened Vent Openings	p. 237
Method of Sase and Christiansen (1990)	p. 237
Calculation of A_S/A_v by using methods of Bailey et al. (2003) and Teitel (2006)	p. 238
Climate Conditions and Pest Control	p. 240
Cooling	p. 251
Fan and Pad Cooling	p. 252
Pad Location	p. 254
Vertical Pad System and Water Circulation	p. 254
Horizontal Pads	p. 255
Pad Efficiency	p. 255
Pad Material and Thickness	p. 257
Pad Area	p. 260
Pad Installation and Maintenance	p. 262
Operation of Fan and Pad System	p. 263
Fans	p. 264
Air and Water Flow Rate	p. 265
Fog System	p. 270
Upward Fogging	p. 274
Spray Cooling	p. 276
Heating	p. 285
Heat Requirement	p. 286
Fuel Consumption	p. 288
Heating Systems	p. 290
Geothermal Energy for Greenhouse Heating	p. 297
Solar Heating	p. 301
Crop Water Requirement and Water Use Efficiency	p. 313
Crop Water Requirement	p. 313
This Penman-Monteith Method Can Also Be Applied for Greenhouse Conditions, if the Parameters Are Adapted to Greenhouse Climate Conditions	p. 314
Example 1: Almeria (Spain)	p. 316
Example 2: Bangkok (Thailand)	p. 316
Example 3: Antalya (Turkey) and Bangalore (India)	p. 316
Water Use Efficiency	p. 317
Rainwater Collection and Storage	p. 321
Calculation of the Storage Volume	p. 322
Example 1: Storage Volume for Climate Conditions in Bangalore (India)	p. 323
Example 2: Storage Volume for Climate Conditions in Antalya (Turkey)	p. 324
Design of Rainwater Storage Basins	p. 324
Desalination of Salty Water and Closed-System Greenhouses	p. 329
Solar Desalination Systems	p. 329
Closed-System Greenhouse	p. 332
CO₂ Enrichment	p. 341
Annexes	p. 343
	p. 343
	p. 346
	p. 347
References	p. 349
Index	p. 361
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Integrated Greenhouse Systems for Mild Climates

Climate Conditions, Design, Construction, Maintenance, Climate Control

At a Glance

Hardcover

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