Overview vii
Acknowledgements ix
1 Formulae and equations 1
1.1 Overview 1
1.2 Evaluating expressions 2
1.3 Linear equations 8
1.4 Blood alcohol content 13
1.5 Medication dosages 16
1.6 Review 19
Answers 24
2 Linear relationships 29
2.1 Overview 29
2.2 Direct variation 30
2.3 The gradient and intercepts 36
2.4 Sketching linear graphs 46
2.5 Linear models 50
2.6 Review 57
Answers 63
3 Practicalities of measurement 79
3.1 Overview 79
3.2 Units of measurement 80
3.3 Limits of accuracy 87
3.4 Scientific notation 93
3.5 Review 99
Answers 104
4 Perimeter and area 109
4.1 Overview 109
4.2 Perimeter 1 110
4.3 Perimeter 2 115
4.4 Area 1 121
4.5 Area 2 127
4.6 Applications of Pythagoras’ theorem 132
4.7 Irregularly shaped blocks of land 139
4.8 Review 148
Answers 156
5 Surface area and volume 163
5.1 Overview 163
5.2 Surface area 1 164
5.3 Surface area 2 171
5.4 Volume 1 176
5.5 Volume 2 182
5.6 Review 185
Answers 190
6 Units of energy and mass 195
6.1 Overview 195
6.2 Units of mass and energy 196
6.3 Food and nutrition 201
6.4 Energy expended in activities 209
6.5 Energy consumption 215
6.6 Review 219
Answers 225
7 Working with time 229
7.1 Overview 229
7.2 Time and timetables 230
7.3 Positions on the Earth’s surface 239
7.4 Time zones 241
7.5 Review 248
Answers 252
8 Interest and depreciation 255
8.1 Overview 255
8.2 Percentage increase or decrease 256
8.3 Simple interest 261
8.4 Applications of simple interest 266
8.5 Review 274
Answers 279
9 Earning and managing money 285
9.1 Overview 285
9.2 Getting paid 286
9.3 Commission, piecework and royalties 290
9.4 Taxation and deductions 294
9.5 Performing financial calculations 300
9.6 Review 307
Answers 312
10 Budgeting and household expenses 317
10.1 Overview 317
10.2 Household expenses 318
10.3 Purchasing, running and maintaining a vehicle 325
10.4 Budgeting 333
10.5 Review 340
Answers 347
11 Data Analysis: Classifying and Representing Data 353
11.1 Overview 353
11.2 Data collection methods 354
11.3 Classifying data and displaying categorical data 360
11.4 Organising and displaying data 371
11.5 Comparing data 379
11.6 Review 389
Answers 396
12 Data analysis: univariate data 407
12.1 Overview 407
12.2 Measures of central tendency 408
12.3 Measures of spread 416
12.4 Graphical distributions 425
12.5 Parallel boxplots 433
12.6 Review 439
Answers 446
13 Relative frequency and probability 453
13.1 Overview 453
13.2 Theoretical probability 454
13.3 Multi-stage experiments 458
13.4 Experimental probability 464
13.5 Review 472
Answers 476
Glossary 485
Index 491