Preface | p. v |
Systems and Control | p. 1 |
Notation | p. 1 |
State space description | p. 3 |
Transfer functions | p. 6 |
Proper rational functions | p. 7 |
Power series expansions | p. 9 |
State space realizations of transfer functions | p. 13 |
Notes | p. 17 |
Stability | p. 19 |
State space stability | p. 19 |
Mechanical systems | p. 20 |
Input-output stability | p. 23 |
The H[superscript infinity] norm | p. 25 |
Notes | p. 27 |
Lyapunov Theory | p. 29 |
Basic Lyapunov theory | p. 29 |
Lyapunov functions | p. 33 |
Lyapunov functions and related bounds | p. 34 |
Bounds on e[superscript At] | p. 34 |
Some system bounds | p. 36 |
Lyapunov functions for mechanical systems | p. 38 |
Notes | p. 39 |
Observability | p. 41 |
Observability | p. 41 |
Unobservable eigenvalues and the PBH test | p. 45 |
An observability least squares problem | p. 46 |
Stability and observability | p. 50 |
Notes | p. 53 |
Controllability | p. 55 |
Controllability | p. 55 |
Uncontrollable eigenvalues and the PBH test | p. 58 |
A controllability least squares problem | p. 59 |
Stability and controllability | p. 61 |
Notes | p. 64 |
Controllable and Observable Realizations | p. 67 |
Invariant subspaces | p. 67 |
The controllable and observable decomposition | p. 69 |
A minimal realization procedure | p. 75 |
The minimal polynomial and realizations | p. 77 |
The inverse of a transfer function | p. 80 |
Notes | p. 82 |
More Realization Theory | p. 83 |
The restricted backward shift realization | p. 83 |
System Hankel operators | p. 89 |
Realizations and factoring Hankel matrices | p. 91 |
Partial realizations and the Kalman-Ho Algorithm | p. 96 |
The Kalman-Ho Algorithm | p. 102 |
Matrix representation of operators | p. 102 |
Shift realizations for proper rational functions | p. 106 |
Jordan form realizations | p. 113 |
Notes | p. 116 |
State Feedback and Stabilizability | p. 119 |
State feedback and stabilizability | p. 119 |
Simple stabilizing controllers | p. 120 |
Stabilizability and uncontrollable eigenvalues | p. 122 |
Eigenvalue placement | p. 123 |
An eigenvalue placement procedure | p. 123 |
Ackermann's Formula | p. 125 |
Controllable canonical form | p. 126 |
Transformation to controllable canonical form | p. 128 |
Eigenvalue placement by state feedback | p. 130 |
Multivariable eigenvalue placement | p. 130 |
Two canonical forms | p. 135 |
Transfer functions and feedback | p. 141 |
Notes | p. 143 |
State Estimators and Detectability | p. 145 |
Detectability | p. 145 |
State estimators | p. 148 |
Eigenvalue placement for estimation error | p. 149 |
Notes | p. 151 |
Output Feedback Controllers | p. 153 |
Static output feedback | p. 153 |
Transfer function considerations | p. 154 |
Dynamic output feedback | p. 156 |
Observer based controllers | p. 158 |
Notes | p. 162 |
Zeros of Transfer Functions | p. 163 |
Zeros | p. 163 |
The system matrix | p. 165 |
Notes | p. 170 |
Linear Quadratic Regulators | p. 171 |
The finite horizon problem | p. 171 |
Problems with control weights | p. 174 |
An operator approach | p. 175 |
An operator based solution | p. 175 |
The adjoint system | p. 177 |
The Riccati equation | p. 179 |
An operator quadratic regulator problem | p. 180 |
A linear quadratic tracking problem | p. 182 |
A spectral factorization | p. 184 |
A general tracking problem | p. 186 |
The infinite horizon problem | p. 189 |
The algebraic Riccati equation | p. 190 |
Solution to the infinite horizon problem | p. 193 |
Problems with control weights | p. 195 |
An outer spectral factorization | p. 196 |
The root locus and the quadratic regulator | p. 198 |
Some comments on the outer spectral factor | p. 202 |
Notes | p. 204 |
The Hamiltonian Matrix and Riccati Equations | p. 205 |
The Hamiltonian matrix and stabilizing solutions | p. 205 |
Computation of the stabilizing solution | p. 210 |
Characteristic polynomial of the Hamiltonian matrix | p. 211 |
Some special cases | p. 212 |
The linear quadratic regulator | p. 214 |
H[superscript infinity] analysis and control | p. 216 |
The Riccati differential equation | p. 219 |
A two point boundary value problem | p. 219 |
Some properties | p. 221 |
Notes | p. 224 |
H[superscript infinity] Analysis | p. 227 |
A disturbance attenuation problem | p. 227 |
A Riccati equation | p. 229 |
An abstract optimization problem | p. 234 |
An operator disturbance attenuation problem | p. 235 |
The disturbance attenuation problem revisited | p. 236 |
The adjoint system | p. 237 |
The Riccati equation | p. 239 |
A spectral factorization | p. 241 |
A general disturbance attenuation problem | p. 242 |
The infinite horizon problem | p. 244 |
Stabilizing solutions to the algebraic Riccati equation | p. 247 |
An outer spectral factor | p. 249 |
The root locus and the H[superscript infinity] norm | p. 250 |
Notes | p. 254 |
H[superscript infinity] Control | p. 255 |
A H[superscript infinity] control problem | p. 255 |
Problem solution | p. 256 |
The central controller | p. 261 |
Some abstract max-min problems | p. 263 |
The Riccati differential equation and norms | p. 268 |
The infimal achievable gain | p. 270 |
A two point boundary value problem | p. 271 |
The Riccati differential equation | p. 273 |
The infinite horizon problem | p. 274 |
The stabilizing solution | p. 277 |
The scalar valued case | p. 281 |
The central controller | p. 282 |
An operator perspective | p. 284 |
A tradeoff between norms | p. 288 |
The L[superscript 2] norm of an operator | p. 288 |
The L[superscript 2] norm of a system | p. 289 |
The L[superscript 2] optimal cost | p. 291 |
A tradeoff between d[subscript infinity] and d[subscript 2] | p. 293 |
A tradeoff between the H[superscript 2] and H[superscript infinity] norms | p. 295 |
Notes | p. 297 |
Appendix: Least Squares | p. 299 |
The Projection Theorem | p. 299 |
A general least squares optimization problem | p. 302 |
Computation of orthogonal projections | p. 305 |
The Gram matrix | p. 309 |
An application to curve fitting | p. 312 |
Minimum norm problems | p. 313 |
The singular value decomposition | p. 317 |
Schmidt pairs | p. 319 |
A control example | p. 323 |
State space | p. 324 |
The L[superscript 2]-L[superscript infinity] gain | p. 325 |
Notes | p. 327 |
Bibliography | p. 329 |
Index | p. 337 |
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