| Preface | p. iii |
| Acknowledgments | p. ix |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Basic Concepts and Scales | p. 1 |
| Surfaces and Interfaces, and Surface Stresses | p. 1 |
| Surface Tension and Its Variation | p. 5 |
| Scales and Dimensionless Groups | p. 9 |
| Governing Equations and Boundary Conditions | p. 16 |
| Thermal Convection | p. 21 |
| High-Frequency Vibrations | p. 22 |
| Thin Permeable Partitions or Dividers | p. 23 |
| References | p. 25 |
| A First Discussion of Instability Phenomena Driven by the Marangoni Effect | p. 29 |
| Instability and Steady Patterned Convection (Benard Cells) | p. 29 |
| Instability, Transverse Surface Oscillations and Capillary-Gravity Waves | p. 32 |
| Instability, Longitudinal Surface Oscillations and Dissipative Compression-Dilational Waves | p. 38 |
| Instability Induced by an Electric Field and Gravito-Electro-Capillary Waves | p. 43 |
| Tangentially Applied Electric Field | p. 47 |
| Orthogonally Applied Electric Field | p. 50 |
| References | p. 52 |
| Excitation of Isothermal Liquid Surface Instability by Variable (Vibrational and Electric) Force Fields | p. 56 |
| Parametric Liquid Pendulum | p. 57 |
| Formulation of the Problem: Equations for Disturbances | p. 58 |
| Natural Oscillations | p. 58 |
| Parametric Oscillations | p. 59 |
| Experimental Set-Up and Experimental Procedure | p. 61 |
| Parametric Oscillations in the Absence of Initial Shear Stress | p. 61 |
| Parametric Oscillations in the Presence of Initial Shear Stress | p. 64 |
| Parametric Excitation of Waves with a Variable Electric Field | p. 67 |
| Equations for Perturbations and Stability Conditions | p. 67 |
| Experimental Results for Interface Instability in a Variable Electric Field | p. 69 |
| References | p. 72 |
| Stabilizing Influence of High-Frequency Vibrations on the Possible Instability of an Isothermal Liquid Surface | p. 74 |
| Suppression of Rayleigh-Taylor Instability and Formation of Multilayer Structures | p. 74 |
| Small Disturbances and Stability Diagram | p. 75 |
| Experimental Results Illustrating the Suppression of the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability by Means of Vibrations | p. 78 |
| Influence of Tangential Vibration on Interfacial Instability | p. 81 |
| Equations of Motion and Boundary Conditions in the High-Frequency Approximation | p. 82 |
| Shape of the Open Surface of a Liquid in a Container of Finite Size | p. 85 |
| Instability of a Flat Interface in a Two-Layer System | p. 86 |
| References | p. 91 |
| Thermocapillary Instability of the Free Surface of a Plane Liquid Layer | p. 93 |
| Monotonic Surface Tension Gradient (Marangoni) Driven Instability in a Plane Liquid Layer with a Flat Free Surface | p. 94 |
| Instability of a Layer with a Deformable Surface | p. 98 |
| Two Modes of Oscillatory Instability | p. 98 |
| Long-Wavelength Instability | p. 101 |
| Instability of a Liquid Film Subjected to a Transverse Temperature Gradient | p. 107 |
| A Boundary Value Problem for Small Disturbances | p. 109 |
| Neutral Curves and Form of Disturbances | p. 111 |
| Thermocapillary Instability of a Hanging Layer with Internal Heat Sources | p. 116 |
| Combined Thermocapillary and Buoyancy Instability of a Plane Liquid Layer | p. 118 |
| Monotonic Instability: Theory | p. 119 |
| Monotonic Instability: Experiment | p. 121 |
| Oscillatory Instability | p. 125 |
| References | p. 129 |
| Convective Instability of a Liquid Layer with a Permeable Partition | p. 131 |
| Buoyancy (Rayleigh) Driven Instability of a Horizontal Liquid Layer | p. 131 |
| A Layer with Outer Stress-Free Boundaries | p. 131 |
| Layer with Outer Solid Boundaries | p. 135 |
| Surface Tension Gradient (Marangoni) Driven Instability of a Film with Two Open, Undeformable Free Surfaces and Heated or Cooled Divider | p. 139 |
| Thermocapillary Instability of a Film or Liquid Layer with Two Outer Free Deformable Surfaces and Heated or Cooled Divider | p. 148 |
| Monotonic Instability | p. 149 |
| Overstability and Oscillatory Modes | p. 154 |
| References | p. 162 |
| Thermocapillary Instability of Two-Layer Systems with Liquid-Liquid or Liquid-Gas Interfaces | p. 164 |
| Instability Thresholds in Model Systems | p. 164 |
| Base State and Equations for Disturbances | p. 164 |
| Solution of the Boundary-Value Problem | p. 166 |
| Neutral Curves and Structure of Disturbances | p. 168 |
| Thermocapillary Instability in Real Liquids Systems | p. 172 |
| Water-Benzene System | p. 172 |
| n-Heptane-Air System | p. 175 |
| Combined Surface Tension Gradient-Driven and Buoyancy-Driven Instability of a Two-Layer System | p. 176 |
| Marangoni-Rayleigh Instability of the Water-Benzene System | p. 179 |
| Marangoni-Rayleigh Instability in the Glycerin-Silicone Oil System | p. 190 |
| References | p. 193 |
| Thermocapillary Instability in Multilayer Systems | p. 195 |
| Linear Stability Analysis for an Infinitely Extended System Along the Horizontal | p. 195 |
| Monotonic Instability | p. 197 |
| Overstability | p. 199 |
| The Case of a System of Finite Lateral Extent | p. 201 |
| Numerical Solution of the Problem | p. 201 |
| Numerical Results for Stationary Convection | p. 204 |
| Numerical Results for Oscillatory Convection | p. 208 |
| Experiment Under Almost Vanishing Effective Gravity (Microgravity) with a Symmetric Three-Layer System | p. 209 |
| Description of the Experiment | p. 211 |
| Experimental Results for the Monotonic Instability Experiment | p. 213 |
| Analysis of the Results for the Oscillatory Instability Experiment | p. 219 |
| References | p. 222 |
| Thermocapillary Convection of Constrained Interfaces | p. 223 |
| Linear Stability Analysis | p. 223 |
| Equations for Small Perturbations | p. 224 |
| Numerical Results | p. 227 |
| Nonlinear Results | p. 230 |
| Thermocapillary Flow with Longitudinal Temperature Gradient | p. 235 |
| Formulation of the Problem | p. 235 |
| Numerical Results | p. 237 |
| Thermocapillary Convection in a Liquid Zone with Solid Elements on its Open Surface | p. 246 |
| Formulation of the Problem | p. 247 |
| Flow Structure and Intensity | p. 249 |
| Influence of the Difference Between Liquid and Grid Thermal Properties on the Structure and Intensity of Convection | p. 253 |
| References | p. 253 |
| Thermocapillary Migration of Bubbles and Drops | p. 255 |
| Experiments and Difficulties with Bubble and Drop Migration | p. 255 |
| Thermocapillary Migration of Drops and Bubbles in Weightlessness Conditions (Theory) | p. 259 |
| Bubble Migration Under Conditions of Weak Buoyancy-Driven Convection (Ground-Based Experiment) | p. 264 |
| Bubble Migration in Thin Horizontal Liquid Layers (Experiment) | p. 267 |
| Bubble Migration in a Thin Horizontal Liquid Layer (Theory) | p. 272 |
| Instability and Thermocapillary Migration of Active Drops (Bubbles) in a Surrounding Homogeneous Medium | p. 276 |
| References | p. 280 |
| Spreading and Layer Breaking Driven by the Marangoni Effect | p. 284 |
| Deformation and Rupture of Thin Liquid Layers Caused by the Marangoni Effect | p. 284 |
| Deformation and Rupture of Liquid Layers Caused by Thermocapillary Convection | p. 285 |
| Deformation and Rupture of Liquid Layers Caused by Solutocapillary Convection | p. 290 |
| Suppression of Thermocapillary Surface Deformation by Means of High Frequency Vibrations | p. 296 |
| Experimental Set-Up and Procedure | p. 297 |
| Effect of Transverse Vibration on the Surface Layer Deformation Caused by Thermocapillary Convection | p. 298 |
| Thermocapillary Convection Induced by a Point-Like Heat Source | p. 301 |
| Experimental Set-Up | p. 301 |
| Heat Transfer Modes | p. 302 |
| Flow Structure and Surface Shape | p. 304 |
| References | p. 305 |
| Parametric Wave Excitation in Nonisothermal Liquid Layers | p. 307 |
| Interaction Between Parametric Wave Excitation and Overstability Due to the Marangoni Effect | p. 307 |
| Equations and Boundary Conditions | p. 308 |
| Instability Threshold | p. 311 |
| Cooperative Combined Effect of Thermocapillarity and Vibration and Instability Region | p. 315 |
| Parametric Excitation of Thermocapillary Instability Due to a Modulated Heat Flux | p. 322 |
| Formulation of the Problem | p. 322 |
| Solution of the Problem | p. 326 |
| Regions of Parametric Instability | p. 329 |
| References | p. 333 |
| Thermocapillary Instability of a Liquid Interface Under the Joint Action of High-Frequency Vibration and the Marangoni Effect | p. 335 |
| Suppression of Monotonic Surface Tension Gradient (Marangoni) Driven Instability by High-Frequency Vibrations | p. 335 |
| Effect of High-Frequency Vibration on the Stability of an Undeformable Interface | p. 341 |
| Basic State and Equations for Disturbances in a Two-Layer System with an Inner Flat Interface | p. 341 |
| Solution of the Boundary-Value Problem | p. 343 |
| Stability Analysis of the Model System | p. 346 |
| Liquid-Liquid Interface: Numerical Results for the Benzene-Water System | p. 347 |
| Liquid-Gas Interface: Numerical Results for the n-Heptane-Air System | p. 351 |
| Effect of High-Frequency Vibration on the Stability of a Two-Layer System with a Deformable Interface | p. 352 |
| Two-Layer System with Deformable Interface and Transverse Vibrations | p. 352 |
| Base State and Equations for Perturbations | p. 355 |
| Instability Threshold Dependence on the Asymmetry in Layer Thicknesses | p. 358 |
| Instability Threshold Dependence on the Difference in the Viscosity of the Liquids | p. 360 |
| Instability Threshold Dependence on the Difference in Thermal Transport Properties | p. 363 |
| References | p. 364 |
| Index | p. 365 |
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