Living Issues in Philosophy

Each chapter ends with Glossary Terms, Chapter Review, Study Questions and Projects, and Suggested Readings sections Introduction: What is Philosophy? Chapter 1: The Task of Philosophy: The Meanings of Philosophy Why We Need Philosophy Traditional Branches of Philosophy Philosophical Methodology--Socratic Dialectic The Uses of Philosophy Values and Education Philosophy Today Reflections Part One: The Nature of Human Nature Chapter 2: Human Nature: What Is It?: Metaphysics and Human Nature Is There a Human Nature? How Humans Differ from the Rest of Nature Images of Human Nature Reflections Chapter 3: The Self: The Nature of the Self Denials of the Existence of a Self Consciousness Reflections Chapter 4: The Mind: The Nature of the Mind Difficulties of Studying the Mind Theories of the Mind The Mind-Body Relationship Parapsychology Reflections Chapter 5: The Freedom to Choose: The Philosophical Meaning of Freedom The Denial of Freedom Indeterminism Self-Determination Reflections Part Two: The Realm of Values Chapter 6: The Meaning of Values: Value Judgments Facts and Values How Values Are Justified Values and the Aesthetic Experience The Selection of Values Reflections Chapter 7: Ethics and Morality: Moral Judgments The Moral Situation Ethics: The Study of Morality A Variety of Ethical Standards--Normative Ethics Approaches to Ethical Standards Contemporary Principles Reflections Chapter 8: Individual and Social Morality: A Contemporary Challenge Civil Liberties Civil Disobedience The Limits of Liberty The Enforcement of Morals Contemporary Moral Issues Reflections Part Three: Knowledge and Science Chapter 9: The Sources of Knowledge: Central Questions in the Theory of Knowledge Tradition and Common Sense Obstacles to Clear Thinking The Possible Sources of Knowledge Reflections Chapter 10: The Nature and Tests of Knowledge: Basic Issues in the Nature of Knowledge Subjectivism Objectivism The Nature of Knowledge: Further Considerations The Tests of Knowledge Three Tests of Truth Reflections Chapter 11: Science and Philosophy: The Development of Science Philosophy of Science: Basic Issues Scientific Methods The Nature and Role of Models and Paradigms A Method of Acquiring Knowledge Limitations of Scientific Methods Philosophy and Science: Agreements and Contrasts Scientfic Views of the Universe The Origin and Nature of Life Human Beings and Evolution Reflections Part Four: Philosophical Perspectives Chapter 12: Naturalism: Naturalism Defined Mechanistic Materialism Dialectical Materialism Humanistic Naturalism Reflections Chapter 13: Idealism and Realism: Contrasting Philosophical Movements Idealism Defined Types of Idealism Implications of Idealism Realism Defined Types of Realism Implications of Realism Evaluation of Idealism Evaluation of Realism Chapter 14: Pragmatism: Pragmatism Defined Charles S. Peirce William James John Dewey Reflections Chapter 15: Analytic Philosophy: Language and Philosophy Locke, Hume, and the Traditional Outlook The Empirical Tradition Analytic Philosophy and Questions of Knowledge Reflections Chapter 16: Existentialism, Phenomenology, and Process Philosophy: Some Characteristics of Existentialism Some Existentialist Thinkers Some Characteristics of Phenomenology Some Phenomenological Thinkers Some Characteristics of Process Philosophy Two Process Philosophers Reflections Part Five: Religion: East and West Chapter 17: The Nature of Religion: What Is Religion? The Nature of Religion The Origin and Growth of Religion Myth in Sacred Literature Religious Experience Three Universal Religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam Current Religious Issues Reflections Chapter 18: Belief in God: The Nature of God Grounds for Belief in God Grounds for Disbelief in God Personal Survival after Death Reflections Chapter 19: Asian Thought: The Nature of Asian Religion The Hindu Tradition The Buddhist Quest for Enlightenment Confucius and Lao-zi Mao Ze-dong The Value System of the Japanese Reflections Concluding Reflection: Glossary: Picture Credits: Index: