Midwifery at a Glance

Contributors viii

About the companion website ix

Part 1 Introduction 1

1 Historical overview of midwifery 2

2 NHS values 4

3 Ethics 6

4 Role of the midwife 8

5 Drug exemptions 10

6 Women’s choice and care options 12

Part 2 Anatomy and physiology 15

7 Breast 16

8 Female reproductive system 18

9 Menstrual cycle 20

10 Maternal pelvis 22

11 Maternal pelvis and fetal skull 24

Part 3 Preconception 27

12 Preconception care 28

13 Follow-up after pregnancy loss 30

Part 4 Antenatal 33

14 Maternal physiological adaptation to pregnancy 34

15 Taking a history 36

16 Antenatal investigations and screening 38

17 Preparation for childbirth 40

18 Post-term pregnancy 42

Part 5 Intrapartum 45

19 Physiology of labour 46

20 Mechanism of normal labour 48

21 Promoting normal labour 50

22 Pain relief 52

23 Water birth 54

24 Augmentation of labour 56

25 Induction of labour 58

26 Nutrition in labour 60

Part 6 Postnatal care 63

27 Immediate care: 0–6 hours 64

28 On-going care 66

29 Daily maternal examinations 68

30 Physiological changes 70

31 Pelvic floor 72

32 Sepsis 74

33 Contraception 76

34 Lactation 78

Part 7 Common medical disorders 81

35 Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 82

36 Diabetes 84

37 Thromboembolic disease 86

38 Obesity 88

39 The thyroid gland and thyroid disorders 90

40 Systemic lupus erythematosus 92

41 Obstetric cholestasis 94

Part 8 Obstetric complications 97

42 Antepartum haemorrhage 98

43 Shoulder dystocia 100

44 Cord presentation and prolapse 102

45 Embolism 104

46 Obstructed labour 106

47 Uterine rupture 108

48 Uterine inversion 110

49 Preterm labour 112

50 Eclampsia 114

51 Disseminating intravascular coagulopathy, shock and high dependency care 116

52 Malposition and malpresentation 118

53 Postpartum haemorrhage 120

54 Multiple pregnancy 122

Part 9 Fetus and baby 125

55 Intrauterine growth restriction 126

56 Intrauterine growth restriction monitoring 128

57 Fetal circulation 130

58 Changes at birth 132

59 Fetal skull 134

60 Immediate care of the newborn 136

61 Normal neonate and care needs 138

62 Infant nutrition 140

63 Neonatal jaundice 142

Part 10 Psychological dimensions 145

64 Becoming a parent 146

65 Maternal mental health 148

66 Bereavement care 150

67 Gender-based violence 152

68 Alcohol and drugs 154

69 Trafficking 156

70 Homelessness 158

71 Asylum seekers and refugees 160

72 Teenage mothers 162

73 Disability 164

74 Health promotion education 166

75 Psychological changes 168

Part 11 Midwifery skills 171

76 Antenatal abdominal examination 172

77 Vaginal examination 174

78 Artificial rupture of membranes 176

79 Urinary catheterisation 178

80 Blood pressure and temperature, pulse and respiration: back to basics 180

81 Episiotomy 182

82 Perineal repair 184

83 Feeding support and breast expression 186

84 Blood and blood products 188

85 Maternal resuscitation 190

86 Neonatal resuscitation 192

87 Examination of the newborn 194

88 Newborn bloodspot screening 196

89 Care of women having surgery 198

References and further reading 200

Index 204