Teaching elementary mathematics is complicated: teachers must not only understand the concepts, procedures, and application of seemingly "basic" mathematics, they must also understand mathematical misconceptions and apparently correct answers as well as the "logic" behind these answers.
Unfortunately, teachers are often trained to think about mathematics as basic procedures with correct or incorrect answers. Misconceptions and incomplete mathematical thinking often go undetected, as teachers are rarely trained to consider why or how an answer was generated. They often respond to incorrect answers by re-teaching the correct processes, and the underlying problem persists. Sometimes even students' correct answers do not indicate accurate reasoning. Unrecognized misconceptions then become permanent ways of thinking; each new layer of mathematics knowledge builds upon on flawed foundations.
This book addresses that problem head on. By covering the essential content or "big ideas" of K-2 mathematics, it turns elementary teachers into experts in diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation (Hattie 2010), and delivers the tasks and tools to use in the classroom day-to-day. As a result of using these books, teachers will be able to:
Select and employ up to 120 rich tasks for instruction or assessment;
Consider what counts as mathematical understanding; Anticipate and plan for student misconceptions;
Make instructional decisions based on specific misconceptions or incomplete understandings;
Learn how to adapt tasks for differentiation, different grade levels;
Avoid certain "bear traps" such as teacher misconceptions when giving correct answers, or misinterpreting student drawings, writing, or equations;
Use the book in a professional learning community, communicate with parents, and support parent conferences.
Tackling math's "big ideas" for grades K-2 such as number sense, place value, addition and subtraction, measurement, and time, the book is organized into 30 short sections by mathematical domain and grad band, each offering a rich task that walks teachers through the analysis of several student-work examples to identify:
What is happening with this student's thinking?
What do we want to ask this student?
What doesn't this student understand about the mathematics? What might we do next for this student?
Each section then offers three additional tasks and guiding information to use in the classroom for a total of 120 rich tasks teachers can implement immediately. Tasks are aligned to Common Core and other state and international standards.
About the Author
John SanGiovanni is a recognized leader in mathematics education and the current Mathematics Coordinator for Howard County Public School System. He is the co-author of three top-selling Heinemann books with Sue O'Connell, including Mastering Basic Facts: Addition and Subtraction (2011, 22,000 units sold), Mastering Basic Facts: Multiplication and Division (2011, 18,000 units sold), and Putting the Practices Into Action (2013, 30,000 units sold). John is currently serving on the Board of Directors for the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2015-2018). John is frequently a featured speaker at regional and national mathematics conferences and is also a national consultant providing professional development for elementary and middle school mathematics.
Industry Reviews
"Wow! Mine the Gap for grades K-2 teachers really unpacks! Not only does the book provide dozens of great mathematical tasks, but-perhaps more important-it gives teachers the chance to consider each task; anticipate student responses-a critical first step in formative assessment; analyze actual student responses; and then consider what they would do in the classroom. Thoughts about modifying each task provide another option for each task. At a time when teachers are encouraged to regularly provide students with tasks that promote reasoning and problem solving, this book will help teachers dig deeper as they mine for understandings." -- Francis (Skip) Fennell "Too often students (and parents and teachers) have the notion that the goal in math should be to get the right answer. Yet insight into misconceptions and students' thinking can tell us much more about what students know (and don't know) beyond simply a correct or incorrect answer. SanGiovanni offers teachers a treasure trove of rich tasks and student work on those tasks. Examples of how to analyze student thinking and next instructional steps make this a volume that should be on every K-2 math teacher's desk!" -- Linda Gojak "This work does what other books only attempt to do. It combines instruction, assessment, and practice with open-ended and rich tasks that allow for teachers to not only immediately implement the ideas but also understand the content and pedagogy behind them. The tasks, which are immediately implementable and customizable, engage each and every learner. They are based on cutting edge and research-based instructional frameworks and provide countless learning opportunities for students." -- Zachary Champagne "Mine the Gap for Mathematical Understanding is a much-needed and anticipated resource for teachers, mathematics coaches, mathematics specialists, administrators, and other stakeholders. The easy to follow, teacher-friendly format, the accompanying commentary for each student work sample, along with the thoughtful reflection questions will quickly make this resource a 'go-to' professional development tool." -- Latrenda Knighten "Mine the Gap is a great tool for teachers to use to grow their own understanding of student misconceptions and incomplete understandings and how to address them. This is an indispensable resource for all involved in supporting students' growth in mathematics." -- Nathan Rosin "More than just a nice collection of problems, this book shares a road map for teachers looking to enhance the quality of the math tasks they use with students. Teachers will appreciate the examples of actual student work paired with tips for analysis and instruction." -- Delise Andrews "John SanGiovanni continues to provide teacher-friendly, must-have books. They empower teachers by deepening their understanding of content and teaching." -- Megan Dooley
