Monitoring and Control of Macrofouling Mollusks in Fresh Water Systems

Biology Introduction Morphology and Anatomy Mode of Life Reproduction and Life Cycle Population Dynamics Distribution, Dispersal Potential, and Dispersal Mechanisms Introduction Distribution Dispersal Potential and Mechanisms Using Physiological and Ecological Requirements and Environmental Tolerances for Assessing Risk of Invasion Introduction Background Information on Key Variables Assessing Survival Potential of Aquatic Invasive Bivalves Assessing Survival Potential of Aquatic Invasive Gastropods Assessing Potential Infestation Levels Recommendations for Further Research Monitoring: Searching, Finding, and Interpreting Introduction Sampling for Larval and Adult Bivalves Sampling for Gastropod Eggs and Adults Early Detection of Dreissena spp. Veligers Using Molecular Methods Monitoring for Macrofouling Control in Industry Navigational Buoys (Navaids) as Monitoring Platforms Impacts of Macrofoulers on Man-Made Structures Introduction Marine Structures Water Intakes Pumphouse Structures Raw Water Systems Piping and Components of Materials of Construction Fire Protection Systems Drainage and Sumps Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Systems Compressed Air Facility-Specifi c Impacts Ecological, Socio-Economic, and Benefi cial Impacts of Aquatic Invasive Mollusks Introduction Dreissenidae Mytilidae Corbiculidae Ampullariidae Bithyniidae Hydrobiidae Weapons of Mollusk Destruction Introduction Preventative versus Reactive Strategies Mitigation of Mussels through the Use of Chemicals Chemical Options Available Chemical Cleaning Nonchemical Control Domination by Chlorination Introduction History of Chlorine Sodium Hypochlorite Chemistry of Chlorination Factors Infl uencing the Effectiveness of Chlorine Chlorination Treatment Strategies for Zebra Mussel Control Mechanisms of Chlorine Toxicity Nontarget Effects of Chlorine Sublethal Effects of Chlorine Dosage and Consumption Calculations Main Components of the Chlorination Systems Mitigation of Aquatic Invasive Gastropods Introduction Giant Ramshorn Snail, Marisa cornuarietis Channeled Applesnail, Pomacea canaliculata Titan Applesnail, Pomacea haustrum Island Applesnail, Pomacea insularum Spiketop Applesnail, Pomacea diffusa Florida Applesnail, Pomacea paludosa Quilted Melania, T. granifera Red-rimmed Melania, Melanoides tuberculata Faucet Snail, Bithynia tentaculata New Zealand Mudsnail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum Case Studies Zebra and Quagga Mussels in the Inland Waters of European Russia and Adjacent Countries, M.I. Orlova Zebra Mussels: Review of Ecology and Impacts Since Invasion in Ireland, F.E. Lucy Summary of the Distribution and Impact of the Golden Mussel in Argentina and Neighboring Countries, G. Darrigran Response of a Major Brazilian Utility to the Golden Mussel Invasion, M.E. Rolla and H.R. Mota Glossary References Index