Next-Generation Electrochromic Devices

1. Introduction
1.1. Electrochromism and multifunctional devices
1.2 Materials and devices
1.3 Energetic and environmental impact
PART 1
2. Electrochromic Materials
2.1 Inorganic electrochromic materials
2.1.1 Cathodic materials
2.1.2 Anodic
2.2 Organic electrochromic materials
2.2.1 Prussian blue and viologenes
2.2.2. Semiconducting polymers
2.2.3. Small molecules
2.3 2D electrochromic materials
2.3.1 WO3 Nanosheets
2.3.2 2D transitional metal oxides
2.3.3 Graphene
2.4 Critical material issues
3. Mixed Ion and Electron Conductors (MIEC)
3.1 Ion mobility and charge transport in disordered organic materials
3.2 Semiconducting polymers and mall molecules
3.3 Relation structure-activity and electrochromism
3.4 Potential impact on device design
4. Electrolytes
4.1 Inorganic electrolytes
4.2 Polymer electrolytes
4.2.1 Liquid and gel electrolytes
4.2.2 Thermally and UV-cross-linkable polymer electrolytes
4.2.3 Solid electrolytes
4.3 Ion transport properties
4.4 Electrochemical stability and long-term durability
5. Electrodes
5.1 Metal and mixed oxides
5.2 Carbon based materials
5.3 Optical transparency
5.4 Electrical conductivity
PART 2
6. Devices and Interfaces: The Key Role of the Interfaces in the Device Design
6.1 Electrochromic device structure
6.1.1 Influence of device structure on ion diffusion and charge transport
6.1.2 Double substrate architecture
6.1.3 Monolithic single-substrate structur
6.2 Electrochromic multifunctional devices
6.2.1 Photoelectrochromics and photovoltachromics
6.2.1.1 Semitransparent silicon, DSSC, polymer and perovskite PV cells
6.2.2 Electrochromic and OLED
6.2.2.1 Electroluminescence and electrochromism
6.2.3 Pseudocapacitive and energy storage electrochromics
7. Thin Films Processing Technologies
7.1 Chemical deposition
7.1.1 Sol-gel method
7.1.2 Langmuir-Blodgett method
7.1.3 Spin coating, dip coating and spray coating
7.1.4 Chemical vapour and plasma enhanced deposition (PECVD)
7.2 Physical deposition
7.2.1 Thermal and electron-beam evaporation
7.2.2 puttering deposition
7.2.3 Pulsed laser deposition
7.2.4 Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)
8. Analysis of Device Performances
8.1 Optical spectroscopy
8.1.1 Transmission spectra
8.1.2 Kinetics: colouring/bleaching response times
8.1.3 Optical density
8.1.4 Optical memory
8.2 Electrochemical analysis
8.2.1 Diffusion constants
8.2.2 Cyclic voltammetry
8.2.3 Chronoamperometry
8.2.4 Impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
8.3 Direct measurement of ion mobility in MIEC
8.3.1 Ion drift mobility in 1D electrolyte/MIEC junction
8.3.2 Stability and long-term durability
8.3.3 Effect of temperature, air and light exposure
8.3.4 Cyclic stability and optical durability
8.4 Physical methods for analysis of electrochromism
8.4.1 X-Ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS): in depth profile of ion intercalation
8.4.2 Raman Spectroscopy
8.4.3 Infrared Spectroscopy
8.4.4 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
PART 3
9. Construction of Smart Windows: Laminated Design Smart Windows
9.1 Five-layer monolithic device design on single-glass
9.2 Double-layer-coated glass substrates
9.3 Flexible electrochromic foil: roll to roll (R2R)
9.4 Emerging and next-generation technologies for dynamic tintable windows
10. Technology for Energy Efficiency and Green Buildings
10.1 Energy demand and consumption in buildings
10.2 Electrochromic and semitransparent photovoltaic glazings
10.3 Smart photovoltachromic windows
11. Effect of Electrochromic Glazings on Visual Comfort
11.1 Usable Daylight Illuminance (UDI)
11.2 Discomfort Glare Index (DGI)