Omniscience and the Rhetoric of Reason
Rationality, Argumentation, and Religious Authority in Santaraksita's Tattvasamgraha and Kamalasila's Panjika
By: Sara McClintock
Paperback | 12 October 2010
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432 Pages
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One hotly debated topic of their time was omniscience - whether it is possible and whether a rational person may justifiably claim it as a quality of the Buddha. Santaraksita and Kamalasila affirm both claims, but in their argumentation they employ divergent rhetorical strategies in different passages, advancing what appear to be contradictory positions. McClintock's investigation of the complex strategies these authors use in defense of omniscience sheds light on the rhetorical nature of their enterprise, one that shadows their own personal views as they advance the arguments they deem most effective to convince the audiences at hand.
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Preface | p. XIII |
Introduction | p. 1 |
The Rhetoric of Reason | p. 4 |
Reason, Rhetoric, and Omniscience | p. 11 |
Buddhist Philosophia | p. 14 |
The Contours of Omniscience in India | p. 23 |
Omniscience in the Pali Texts and the Theravada Tradition | p. 28 |
Mahasamghika and Sarvastivada Perspectives on Omniscience | p. 32 |
Mahayana Developments in Theories of the Buddha's Omniscience | p. 34 |
Models of Omniscience in the Tattvasamgraha and the Pañjika | p. 35 |
Omniscience and Religious Authority | p. 38 |
The Path Ahead | p. 42 |
The Rhetorical Complexity of the Texts | p. 47 |
Audience | p. 49 |
The Actual Intended Audience | p. 52 |
The Ideal Audience | p. 58 |
Styles of Reasoning and Argumentation | p. 63 |
Arguments ad personam and Arguments ad hominem | p. 63 |
Nyaya Reasoning | p. 67 |
Pramana Theory | p. 73 |
The Sliding Scale of Analysis | p. 85 |
Scholastic Reasoning: Negotiating Tradition and Innovation | p. 91 |
Structure of the Tattvasamgraha and the Panjika | p. 95 |
Analysis of Dependent Arising | p. 98 |
Analysis of Religious Authority | p. 102 |
Purposes of the Tattvasamgraha and the Pañjika | p. 105 |
Kamalasila's Presentation of the Purpose | p. 105 |
Kamalasila's Analysis of the Purpose | p. 109 |
Dogmas, Connotations, and Contexts | p. 113 |
Dogmas of Omniscience and Buddhahood | p. 113 |
The Requirement of Great Compassion | p. 116 |
The Perfection of the Aims of Self and Other | p. 119 |
The Two Obscurations | p. 123 |
Summary | p. 131 |
Connotations | p. 132 |
Assessing Dharmakirti's Position on Total Omniscience | p. 135 |
The Tattvasamgraha and the Pañjika on Dharmic and Total Omniscience | p. 138 |
The Shifting Nature of the Objects of Knowledge | p. 141 |
Rhetorical Contexts | p. 144 |
A Strictly Rhetorical Context | p. 145 |
Two Rhetorical Contexts with Specific Addresses | p. 147 |
The Final Chapter of the Tattvasamgraha and the Pañjika | p. 148 |
Audience and Styles of Reasoning in the Final Chapter | p. 151 |
Structure of the Final Chapter (1): Purvapaksa | p. 152 |
Structure of the Final Chapter (2): Uttrarapaksa | p. 156 |
Details of the Structure of the Uttarapaksa | p. 157 |
Relations Among the Four Arguments | p. 159 |
The "Investigation of External Objects" | p. 162 |
Omniscience is Possible: The General Demonstration | p. 165 |
Rebutting Kumarila's Refutation of Omniscience | p. 165 |
Refuting that Dharma Is Radically Inaccessible | p. 166 |
Refuting that Any Pramana Can Disprove Omniscience | p. 170 |
Perception Cannot Refute Omniscience | p. 173 |
Inference Cannot Refute Omniscience | p. 179 |
The Other Pramana Cannot Refute Omniscience | p. 184 |
The Nonperception of an Omniscient Being is Not Certain | p. 185 |
Conclusion: It Is Best to Let There Be Doubt | p. 186 |
Demonstrating that Omniscience Is Possible | p. 187 |
Inference of Capacity: Karyanumana and Sambhavatpramana | p. 188 |
Ignorance as the Vision of a Self | p. 191 |
The Antidote to Ignorance: The Vision of Selflessness | p. 195 |
The Vision of Selflessness as Yogic Perception | p. 199 |
Response to Objections Concerning the Antidote | p. 200 |
The Perfectibility of the Vision of Selflessness | p. 208 |
The Nature of the Mind: Luminous and Seeing Reality | p. 212 |
Conclusion: The Perfection of Wisdom Is Possible | p. 219 |
Demonstrating Total Omniscience | p. 221 |
The Logic of Perfectibility | p. 221 |
Omniscience as Knowing the Selflessness that Pervades All Things | p. 223 |
The Apoha Theory and Yogic Perception | p. 226 |
An Equivocation in the Term All Dharmas? | p. 229 |
Conclusion: Omniscience as Reflexive Awareness | p. 234 |
Omniscience Is Actual: The Specific Demonstration | p. 237 |
The Subject of the Debate: Supersensible Seeing | p. 238 |
The Buddha as a Knower of the Hidden Capacities of Mantras | p. 241 |
The Sadhya is Supersensible Seeing on Mimamsaka Terms | p. 246 |
Overview of the Specific Demonstration | p. 246 |
The Status of Verbal Testimony | p. 253 |
A Tension in the Specific Demonstration | p. 256 |
Dharmakirti on Inferring Mental Qualities | p. 258 |
Santaraksita and Kamalasila on Inferring Mental Qualities | p. 262 |
The Term Srngagrahikaya in the Pañjika | p. 264 |
Acknowledging that the Buddha May Not Have Been First | p. 268 |
The Specific Demonstration as a Corollary of the General | p. 271 |
Who Can Infer the Buddha's Omniscience? | p. 272 |
Reconciling the Two Interpretations | p. 276 |
Supplemental Arguments in the Demonstration | p. 277 |
The Buddha's Omniscience Is Attested in the Veda | p. 277 |
The Buddha's Compassion as a Mark of His Superiority | p. 280 |
Motives for the Two Demonstrations | p. 285 |
Motives for the General Demonstration | p. 286 |
Trustworthy Awareness as a Justification of Action | p. 286 |
Doubt as a Justification for Action | p. 291 |
Faith and Judicious Persons | p. 299 |
Summation: Motives for the General Demonstration | p. 303 |
Motives for the Specific Demonstration | p. 303 |
First Hypothesis: Causing Judicious Persons to Go for Refuge | p. 305 |
Second Hypothesis: Grounding Buddhist Scriptures | p. 307 |
The Circular Approach | p. 311 |
The Linear Approach | p. 314 |
The Problem with the Linear Approach | p. 315 |
The Presentation of Scripturally Based Inference | p. 317 |
The Provisional Nature of Scripturally Based Inference | p. 324 |
Some Explicit Statements on the Motive Behind the Proof | p. 327 |
Faith in Radically Inaccessible Entities | p. 332 |
Scripturally Based Inference as a Rhetorical Tool | p. 337 |
Summation of Findings Concerning the Second Hypothesis | p. 339 |
Third Hypothesis: Writing for Non-Buddhists | p. 339 |
Résumé of the Three Hypotheses | p. 342 |
Motives for the Demonstration of Total Omniscience | p. 343 |
Spontaneous Omniscience and the Perfection of Reason | p. 347 |
Spontaneous Omniscience | p. 349 |
The Perfection of Reason? | p. 359 |
Bibliography | p. 361 |
Abbreviations | p. 361 |
Primary Sources | p. 363 |
Secondary Sources | p. 375 |
Index of Translated Passages | p. 401 |
General Index | p. 407 |
About the Author | p. 419 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780861716616
ISBN-10: 0861716612
Series: Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism
Published: 12th October 2010
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number of Pages: 432
Audience: General Adult
Publisher: Wisdom Publications,U.S.
Country of Publication: US
Dimensions (cm): 22.9 x 15.2 x 2.54
Weight (kg): 0.6
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