Figures and Tables | p. x |
Acronyms | p. xi |
Preface | p. xiii |
Acknowledgments | p. xvi |
Introduction | p. 1 |
The United Nations in Somalia in the 1990s | p. 4 |
Lessons Learned and the Rethinking of Peacekeeping | p. 8 |
A Multilevel Approach to Peacekeeping | p. 12 |
A Brief and Selective History of Peacekeeping | p. 16 |
Peacekeeping's Early and Changing Fortunes | p. 19 |
The Congo, 1960 | p. 19 |
The United Nations in Sinai | p. 21 |
Peacekeeping Continues | p. 22 |
Early Peacekeeping Principles | p. 23 |
Normative Tensions regarding Traditional Peacekeeping | p. 31 |
A Glimpse Ahead | p. 33 |
Culture and Peacekeeping: A Conceptual Framework | p. 35 |
Peacekeeping and Local Culture | p. 36 |
Organizational Culture and Interoperability | p. 37 |
Culture in the Broader Understanding of Peacekeeping | p. 39 |
Approaching Culture in Peacekeeping | p. 41 |
Culture and International Affairs | p. 42 |
Culture: Meaning and Practice | p. 45 |
Symbolic Inversion and the Power of Peacekeeping | p. 48 |
Taking a Broad View of Culture and Peacekeeping | p. 52 |
"Turn Left at the Mosque": Anthropological Fieldwork and Peacekeeping | p. 54 |
Challenges of Ethnographic Fieldwork | p. 57 |
Fieldwork with the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization | p. 59 |
Observer Group Egypt | p. 60 |
Research Access and Entry | p. 61 |
Deepening and Maintaining Rapport | p. 66 |
Fieldwork and Reciprocity | p. 67 |
Symbolic Construction of Community and Cooperation | p. 70 |
Symbol and Ritual in Peacekeeping | p. 72 |
A Note on Ritual | p. 73 |
Ritual Symbolism in Peacekeeping | p. 75 |
Medals and Ribbons | p. 78 |
Medal Parades | p. 80 |
Observing and Patrolling | p. 82 |
The Happy Hour Cycle | p. 84 |
Connecting Levels of Experience | p. 86 |
"You Will Have to Kill Me to Get By": Individual Action and Peacekeeping | p. 89 |
Organizational Narratives and Motivation | p. 90 |
A Tale of Two Units | p. 91 |
Broad National Narratives | p. 92 |
Mission Assignment | p. 93 |
Concept and Conduct of Duties | p. 94 |
From Group Motivation to Individual Motivation | p. 95 |
The Problem of Individual Action | p. 96 |
Motivation: Psychological Reversal Theory | p. 97 |
Agency and Social Action | p. 100 |
The Need for Multilevel Analysis | p. 102 |
Organizational Cultures and Peacekeeping | p. 104 |
Cultural Styles and Dimensions | p. 108 |
Cultural Aspects of Military and Civilian Conflicts in Peace Operations | p. 112 |
Management Structures | p. 112 |
Symbols, Boundaries, and Security | p. 114 |
Media and Information | p. 114 |
Context and Legitimacy | p. 115 |
Peace Operations and Local Populations | p. 115 |
Law, Politics, and Conflict | p. 116 |
Social Stratification | p. 119 |
Gender Roles | p. 119 |
Economic and Subsistence Practices | p. 120 |
Moving beyond Pattern to Meaning | p. 121 |
Peacekeeping Under Fire | p. 123 |
Cultural Models and Cognitive Schema | p. 124 |
Cultural Dimensions, Cultural Models, and Root Metaphors in Peacekeeping | p. 127 |
The Security Council: Performance and Legitimacy | p. 127 |
Humanitarian Space and Military Coordination | p. 129 |
Image and Reality in Civil Military Relations | p. 131 |
Engaging Local Populations | p. 132 |
From Peacekeeping to Peace Enforcement and Back Again | p. 136 |
Legitimacy and Cultural Inversion in Peacekeeping | p. 137 |
Intervention as Cultural Practice | p. 141 |
Notes | p. 147 |
References | p. 174 |
Index | p. 191 |
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