Principles of Stellar Interferometry

By: Andreas Glindemann

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Hardcover | 5 January 2011

At a Glance

Hardcover
366 Pages

Dimensions(cm)
23.39 x 15.6 x 2.06

Hardcover

$249.59

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Over the last decade, stellar interferometry has developed from a specialist tool to a mainstream observing technique, attracting scientists whose research benefits from milliarcsecond angular resolution. Stellar interferometry has become part of the astronomer's toolbox, complementing single-telescope observations by providing unique capabilities that will advance astronomical research.

This carefully written book is intended to provide a solid understanding of the principles of stellar interferometry to students starting an astronomical research project in this field or to develop instruments and to astronomers using interferometry but who are not interferometrists per se.

Illustrated by excellent drawings and calculated graphs

the imaging process in stellar interferometers is explained starting from first principles on light propagation and diffraction,
wave propagation through turbulence is described in detail using Kolmogorov statistics,
the impact of turbulence on the imaging process is discussed both for single telescopes and for interferometers,
instrumental techniques like beam combination and array layout are described, and the requirements for delay lines are derived,
visibility measurements (modulus and phase) through turbulence are analyzed and limitations are quantified,
correction methods (fringe tracking and adaptive optics) are presented, discussing closed loop operation with a dual feed system.

The book closes with examples of contemporary stellar interferometers and useful appendices on the Fourier transform and atmospheric transmission bands.

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Non-Fiction Science Science in General Physics Optical Physics Astronomy, Space & Time Galaxies & Stars Astronomical Observation & Observatories Engineering & Technology Other Technologies & Applied Sciences Applied Optics

Introduction	p. 1
Propagation of Light	p. 5
Preliminaries	p. 6
Basic Properties of the Electromagnetic Wave	p. 6
Young's Experiment	p. 9
Scalar Diffraction Theory	p. 13
The Rayleigh-Sommerfeld Diffraction Formula	p. 13
Fresnel Approximation	p. 16
The Airy Disk	p. 19
The Coherence Function	p. 25
Varieties of the Coherence Function	p. 26
Generalised van Cittert-Zernike Theorem	p. 32
Incoherent Sources of Light: Stars	p. 34
Quasi-Monochromatic Approximation	p. 37
Young's Experiment Revisited	p. 44
The Coherence Function in Young's Experiment	p. 45
ABCD Method	p. 50
Power Spectrum of the Fringe Pattern	p. 51
Heuristic Approach	p. 56
Higher Order Correlation Functions: Intensity Interferometry	p. 62
Imaging Process: Propagation Through Optical Systems	p. 73
Fourier Optics	p. 74
The Optical Transfer Function	p. 76
Optical Aberrations: The Zernike Polynomials	p. 82
The Coherence Function	p. 88
Image Intensity Distribution	p. 88
Coherent Imaging	p. 92
Coherence Properties in the Image Plane	p. 99
Propagation Through Interferometers	p. 103
Young's Experiment with a Lens	p. 104
Apertures of Finite Size	p. 110
Spectra of Finite Width	p. 116
Objects of Finite Size	p. 122
Considerations on the Interferometric Field of View	p. 128
Masked Field of View	p. 132
The uv-Plane	p. 139
Large Apertures, Short Baseline: The LBT	p. 141
Large Apertures, Long Baselines: The VLTI	p. 144
Image Reconstruction: General Principles	p. 149
Atmospheric Turbulence	p. 157
Kolmogorov Turbulence	p. 158
First Principles	p. 158
Index of Refraction Fluctuations	p. 159
Statistical Properties of the Perturbed Complex Wave	p. 164
Thin Layer Turbulence Model	p. 164
Multiple Layers, the Fried Parameter	p. 166
Anisoplanatic and Temporal Effects	p. 172
Propagation Through Optical Systems	p. 178
Fringe Motion	p. 178
Image Motion	p. 190
Zernike Representation of Atmospheric Turbulence	p. 194
Scintillation	p. 198
Speckle Pattern and Seeing Disk	p. 200
Speckle Interferometry	p. 208
Instrumental Techniques	p. 217
Combination of Two Telescopes	p. 218
Fizeau Configuration	p. 218
Michelson Configuration	p. 222
Co-Axial Combination	p. 226
Multi-Aperture Combination: Michelson Configuration	p. 234
Multi-Axial and Co-Axial Combination	p. 234
Aspects of Beam Combination	p. 239
Multi-Aperture Combination: Direct Imaging	p. 243
Fizeau Configuration	p. 244
Hypertelescope	p. 246
Interferometric Remapped Array Nulling: IRAN	p. 249
Nulling Interferometer	p. 257
Layout of Interferometer Arrays	p. 263
Many Apertures	p. 263
Few Apertures	p. 268
Delay Lines	p. 271
Observing Through Atmospheric Turbulence	p. 275
Visibility Measurement Through Atmospheric Turbulence	p. 276
Power Spectrum of the Fringe Pattern	p. 283
ABCD Method	p. 287
Beating Atmospheric Turbulence	p. 293
Fringe Tracking	p. 293
Dual-Feed System	p. 301
Closure Phase	p. 306
Adaptive Optics	p. 310
Wave Front Sensing	p. 311
Closed Loop Operation	p. 313
Modern Interferometers	p. 317
Appendix	p. 319
The Fourier Transform	p. 319
Atmospheric Transmission Bands	p. 322
References	p. 325
Index	p. 337
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Principles of Stellar Interferometry

At a Glance

Hardcover

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