Radiation Hormesis and the Linear-No-Threshold Assumption

By: Charles L. Sanders

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Hardcover | 11 November 2009

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Hardcover
232 Pages

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23.39 x 15.6 x 1.42

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Current radiation protection standards are based upon the application of the linear no-threshold (LNT) assumption, which considers that even very low doses of ionizing radiation can cause cancer. The radiation hormesis hypothesis, by contrast, proposes that low-dose ionizing radiation is beneficial. In this book, the author examines all facets of radiation hormesis in detail, including the history of the concept and mechanisms, and presents comprehensive, up-to-date reviews for major cancer types. It is explained how low-dose radiation can in fact decrease all-cause and all-cancer mortality and help to control metastatic cancer. Attention is also drawn to biases in epidemiological research when using the LNT assumption. The author shows how proponents of the LNT assumption consistently reject, manipulate, and deliberately ignore an overwhelming abundance of published data and falsely claim that no reliable data are available at doses of less than 100 mSv.

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Introduction	p. 1
The LNT Assumption	p. 3
Radiation Hormesis and Radioadaptive Response	p. 6
References	p. 12
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms	p. 17
Introduction	p. 17
The Radioadaptive Response	p. 19
Chromosome Aberrations	p. 22
Neoplastic Transformation	p. 24
Apoptosis	p. 26
Immune Enhancement	p. 28
References	p. 30
Natural Environmental Radiation	p. 37
References	p. 41
Accidents, Tests, and Incidents	p. 43
Radium Dial Painters	p. 43
Nuclear Weapons Tests	p. 44
Mayak and Techa River Residents	p. 45
Eastern Urals Nuclear Waste Tank Explosion	p. 45
Japanese A-Bomb Survivors	p. 46
Taiwan Contaminated Buildings	p. 47
Chernobyl	p. 47
References	p. 50
Medical Exposures and Workers	p. 53
Radiotherapy for Noncancer Conditions	p. 53
Diagnostic Radiation Exposures	p. 54
Prenatal Exposures	p. 55
Radioiodine Therapy	p. 55
Second Tumors in Radiotherapy Patients Treated for a Primary Tumor	p. 56
Medical Workers	p. 57
References	p. 60
Nuclear Workers	p. 63
Appendix	p. 69
References	p. 82
Biased Epidemiological Studies	p. 85
Epidemiology Studies	p. 85
Bias, Prejudice, and Statistical Inaccuracy	p. 87
Pooled Studies	p. 89
References	p. 90
Evidence Negating the Healthy Worker Effect	p. 93
References	p. 100
Lung Cancer	p. 105
Introduction	p. 105
Tobacco	p. 105
External Low LET Radiation	p. 106
Radon General	p. 109
Environmental and Ecologic Studies of Radon	p. 109
Case-Control Studies of Radon	p. 112
Underground Uranium Miners	p. 115
Internal High LET Radiation	p. 115
Mechanism	p. 118
Appendix	p. 118
References	p. 126
Breast Cancer	p. 135
Appendix	p. 139
References	p. 145
Leukemia	p. 149
Appendix	p. 153
References	p. 161
Liver, CNS, and Thyroid Cancers	p. 165
Liver Cancer	p. 165
Central Nervous System Cancer	p. 166
Thyroid Cancer	p. 167
Appendix	p. 169
References	p. 182
Lifespan, Birth Defects, and Experimental Cancer	p. 185
Lifespan	p. 185
Birth Defects	p. 187
Experimental Cancer	p. 188
References	p. 193
Animal and Human Cancer Therapeutic Studies	p. 197
References	p. 202
Conclusions, Summary, and Importance	p. 205
References	p. 209
Index	p. 215
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Radiation Hormesis and the Linear-No-Threshold Assumption

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Hardcover

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