| Theoretical Principles of the Plasma-Equilibrium Control in Stellarators | |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| History of the problem and a general review of the theory | p. 4 |
| The first problems of tokamaks and stellarators | p. 4 |
| The problem of high [beta] | p. 10 |
| Development of the MHD theory of stellarators | p. 15 |
| High [beta] and the problem of plasmaequilibrium control | p. 20 |
| Free-boundary plasma equilibrium | p. 23 |
| Plasma-shape control in stellarators | p. 28 |
| General equations of the theory of plasma equilibrium in conventional stellarators | p. 33 |
| Stellarator approximation and the magnetic differential equation | p. 34 |
| Real and averaged magnetic surfaces | p. 42 |
| Integral quantities | p. 48 |
| Currents in equilibrium configurations | p. 53 |
| Longitudinal current in a stellarator | p. 61 |
| Two-dimensional equation of plasma equilibrium in stellarators | p. 66 |
| Analytical models | p. 72 |
| Two-dimensional model of a stellarator | p. 72 |
| Minimal set of parameters | p. 79 |
| Description of the inner part of the plasma | p. 84 |
| Effect of satellite harmonics on the stellarator configuration | p. 90 |
| Control of plasma equilibrium using a vertical magnetic field | p. 97 |
| Boundary conditions in equilibrium problems | p. 97 |
| Reduction of the boundary conditions | p. 104 |
| Effect of a vertical field on the plasmacolumn position in stellarators | p. 110 |
| Suppression of the Pfirsch-Schluter current in conventional stellarators | p. 121 |
| Integral independence on [beta] and "overcompensation" | p. 130 |
| The influence of a quadrupole field on the stellarator configuration | p. 138 |
| Control of the vacuum stellarator configuration using a quadrupole field | p. 138 |
| Doublet-like stellarator configurations | p. 146 |
| Control of the rotational-transform profile with the help of the quadrupole field | p. 161 |
| Elongation of the plasma column as a means of increasing [beta][subscript eq] in stellarators | p. 172 |
| List of main symbols | p. 177 |
| References | p. 180 |
| Fundamentals of Stationary Plasma Thruster Theory | |
| Introduction | p. 203 |
| General picture of processes in SPTs | p. 206 |
| Principal scheme of an SPT | p. 206 |
| Specifics of physical processes in SPTs | p. 210 |
| Quasi-autonomous functional units of SPTs | p. 213 |
| General system of equations and boundary conditions for SPT processes | p. 217 |
| Magnetic and electric fields in SPTs | p. 219 |
| Magnetic fields in SPTs | p. 219 |
| "Equipotentialization" of the magnetic force lines. Magnetic drift surfaces | p. 221 |
| The "loading" of magnetic force lines | p. 225 |
| Plasma electric field for the quasi-Maxwellian electron component | p. 229 |
| Remarks | p. 233 |
| Electron kinetics in the SPT channel | p. 234 |
| Characteristics of particle collisions with each other and with the surfaces | p. 235 |
| Electron distribution functions in the SPT channel | p. 246 |
| Debye layers on the SPT channel walls | p. 260 |
| The near-wall conductivity (NWC) | p. 277 |
| UHF-oscillations in the SPT channel | p. 299 |
| Some conclusions | p. 305 |
| Erosion of insulators in SPTs | p. 308 |
| The role and form of insulator erosion | p. 308 |
| Ion sputtering | p. 311 |
| Mathematical modeling of the anomalous erosion | p. 319 |
| Heavy particle dynamics in the SPT channel | p. 325 |
| Dynamics of single heavy particles | p. 326 |
| A kinetic description of ionizing heavy particles | p. 329 |
| Similarity criteria for discharges in SPT | p. 332 |
| The "inverse" problem of heavy particle dynamics | p. 339 |
| An analysis of processes using the emerging flux characteristics | p. 341 |
| Estimate of energetic balance components in the SPT-ATON | p. 342 |
| Low-frequency oscillations in SPTs | p. 346 |
| Experimental data on LF-oscillations in the SPT channel | p. 347 |
| Linear oscillations in a one-dimensional flux model without ionization | p. 353 |
| One-dimensional self-consistent models for plasma flow in an SPT channel | p. 360 |
| Modeling an SPT in the one-dimensional hydrodynamic approximation | p. 360 |
| The results of calculations in the hydrodynamic model | p. 363 |
| Dynamics of oscillations | p. 368 |
| A hybrid model for the plasma flow in an SPT | p. 369 |
| SPTs in real conditions | p. 375 |
| The particle influx from the VC into the SPT | p. 377 |
| Preventing particle influx from the VC | p. 381 |
| Supersynchronization phenomenon | p. 382 |
| Conclusions | p. 383 |
| Appendix | p. 384 |
| The necessity of electric propulsion thrusters | p. 384 |
| References | p. 387 |
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