Rotating Fluids in Engineering and Science

By: JAMES P. VANYO

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Paperback | 29 February 2012

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448 Pages

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23.5 x 15.5 x 1.91

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This lucid, well-written presentation of the basic principles and applications of rotating fluid theory is an excellent text for upper-level undergraduate or beginning graduate students, but it will also be invaluable for engineers and scientists whose projects require knowledge of the theory. Readers are assumed to be familiar with vector analysis, fluid mechanics, and partial differential equations.
Part I (Chapters 1-5) introduces the concept of rotating fluids and reviews basic fluid mechanics. Part II (Chapters 6-13) considers concepts, theories, and equations specific to rotating fluids, including vorticity and vortex dynamics and rotating coordinate systems; Coriolis phenomena; rotation, vorticity, and circulation; vorticity as a variable, vortex dynamics, secondary flows; circular pathline flows; and rotation and inertial waves. Each chapter in Part II includes solved quantitative examples. Part III (Chapters 14-22) presents numerous practical applications of the theory, including flows in pipes, channels, and rivers, as well as other applications, in fields ranging from rotors, centrifuges, and turbomachinery to liquids in precessing spacecraft, oceanic circulation, and intense atmospheric vortexes.
Five useful appendixes provide a synopsis of mathematical relationships, stream functions, and equations of motions, as well as fluid properties and geophysical data. "Highly recommended." — Choice.

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Mechanical Engineering & Materials Materials Science Mechanics of Fluids Science Physics Classical Mathematics Fluid Mechanics Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning Earth Sciences Technology in General

Engineering in General Science in General Mechanical Engineering Civil Engineering

Preface	p. ix
Fluid Mechanics Review	p. 1
Rotating Fluid Phenomena	p. 3
Mass and Momentum Conservation	p. 23
Eulerian Mechanics	p. 23
Mass Conservation	p. 23
Force and Momentum	p. 26
Navier-Stokes Equations	p. 29
Dimensionless Equations and Ratios	p. 35
Potential (Inviscid) Flow	p. 43
Bernoulli Equation	p. 43
Stream Functions and Velocity Potentials	p. 45
Flow Past a Circular Cylinder	p. 48
Pressure Components	p. 53
Boundary Layers and Turbulence	p. 57
Introduction and Two Solutions by Stokes	p. 57
Prandtl Boundary Layer Equations	p. 60
Flat Plate and Cylinder Solutions	p. 64
Momentum Integral Equation	p. 67
Turbulence and Stability	p. 70
Wave Theory	p. 77
Introduction and Definitions	p. 77
Longitudinal Waves	p. 84
Transverse Waves	p. 87
Mach Cones	p. 93
Rotating Fluid Theory	p. 97
Rotating Coordinate Systems	p. 99
Intermediate Reference Frames	p. 99
Fluids in a Rotating Frame	p. 102
Ekman and Rossby Numbers	p. 104
Application Examples	p. 106
Coriolis Phenomena	p. 113
Coriolis Forces vs. Accelerations	p. 113
Coriolis and Angular Momentum	p. 117
Coriolis Force-Acceleration Criteria	p. 119
Application Examples	p. 121
Rotation, Vorticity, and Circulation	p. 127
Rotation	p. 127
Vorticity	p. 128
Circulation and Stokes Theorem	p. 134
Application Examples	p. 137
Vorticity as the Variable	p. 145
Vorticity in Navier-Stokes Equations	p. 145
Viscous Production of Vorticity	p. 146
Relative Vorticity	p. 150
Application Examples	p. 150
Vortex Dynamics	p. 159
Vortex Interactions in Two Dimensions	p. 159
Conservation of Vorticity and Circulation	p. 163
The Formula of Biot and Savart	p. 169
Rankine's Combined Vortex	p. 170
Vortex Intensification by Stretching	p. 173
Application Examples	p. 176
Secondary Flows	p. 183
Boundary Layer Review	p. 183
A Rotating Disk in a Stationary Fluid	p. 183
A Rotating Fluid above a Stationary Surface	p. 188
Enclosed Secondary Flows	p. 191
Application Examples	p. 194
Circular Pathline Flows	p. 201
Theoretical Criteria	p. 201
Some Important Flows	p. 202
Application Examples	p. 209
Rotation and Inertial Waves	p. 215
Rayleigh Instability	p. 215
Stability of Circular Pathline Flows	p. 217
Rossby Waves and Inertial Waves	p. 219
Atmospheric Rossby Waves I	p. 222
Instability and Turbulence	p. 225
Application Examples	p. 226
Rotating Fluid Applications	p. 233
Pipes, Channels, and Rivers	p. 235
Swirl in Straight Sections	p. 235
Secondary Flow in Curved Sections	p. 239
River Meandering	p. 244
Abutment Undercutting	p. 245
Study and Research Projects	p. 246
Rotors and Centrifuges	p. 251
Thin Disk in a Housing	p. 251
Flow in a Cylindrical Annulus	p. 254
Centrifuges	p. 255
Cyclone Separators	p. 260
Study and Research Projects	p. 261
Wings, Lift, and Drag	p. 265
Circulation and Lift (Inviscid)	p. 265
Circulation and Lift (Viscous)	p. 267
Kutta-Zhukowskii Theory	p. 269
Finite Wings and Vortices	p. 270
Vertical Momentum and Induced Drag	p. 273
Study and Research Projects	p. 275
Turbomachinery	p. 279
Definitions and Classifications	p. 279
Internal Flow Characteristics	p. 287
Torque and Power Output	p. 289
Flow Calculations	p. 291
Performance Criteria	p. 298
Study and Research Projects	p. 300
Liquids in Precessing Spacecraft	p. 305
Rigid-Body Dynamics	p. 305
Energy Dissipation and Stability	p. 309
Solution: Analysis and Computation	p. 311
Solution: Scaled Experiments	p. 313
Study and Research Projects	p. 316
The Earth, Sun, and Moon	p. 319
Introduction	p. 319
Earth and Earth-Sun-Moon Dynamics	p. 320
Motions in the Liquid Core	p. 322
Chandler Wobble	p. 325
Tides and Earth-Sun-Moon Dynamics	p. 327
Study and Research Projects	p. 329
Atmospheric Circulation	p. 333
Introduction	p. 333
Convective Flow Patterns	p. 336
Coriolis Phenomena	p. 338
Planetary Flow Dynamics	p. 341
Atmospheric Rossby Waves II	p. 343
Study and Research Projects	p. 344
Oceanic Circulation	p. 349
Flow Patterns and Energy Sources	p. 349
Coriolis and Oceanic Gyres	p. 352
Western Intensification and Elevated Centers	p. 353
Localized Flow Phenomena	p. 355
Some Quantitative Analyses	p. 357
Study and Research Projects	p. 361
Intense Atmospheric Vortices	p. 365
Whirlwinds and Dust Devils	p. 365
Large-Scale Vortex Storms	p. 366
Hurricanes (Typhoons)	p. 368
Tornadoes	p. 373
Study and Research Projects	p. 375
Appendices
Mathematical Relationships	p. 379
Vectors	p. 379
Matrices	p. 379
Direction Cosine Matrices	p. 380
Dyadics and Tensors	p. 382
The Del Operator [down triangle, open]	p. 382
Operations Using [down triangle, open]	p. 383
Stream Functions and Velocity Potentials	p. 385
Summary	p. 385
Basic Flows	p. 385
Sums of Two Flows	p. 386
Cylinders and Vortex Pairs	p. 387
Equations of Motion	p. 389
Cartesian	p. 389
Cylindrical	p. 389
Spherical	p. 390
Fluid Properties	p. 393
Units	p. 393
Properties of Air	p. 393
Properties of Water	p. 394
Common Gases and Liquids	p. 394
Compressible Fluids	p. 395
Geophysical Data	p. 397
The Earth	p. 397
The Sun	p. 397
The Moon	p. 397
The Planets	p. 398
The Oceans	p. 398
The Standard Atmosphere	p. 399
References	p. 401
Index	p. 415
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Rotating Fluids in Engineering and Science

At a Glance

Paperback

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