| Preface | p. IX |
| Characterization of Joint Surface Roughness | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Roughness measurement techniques | p. 2 |
| JRC measurement | p. 2 |
| Fractal method | p. 4 |
| Spectral method | p. 9 |
| Digital coordinate measuring machine | p. 11 |
| Fourier transform method and its application to measure surface rougness | p. 14 |
| Physical and mechanical properties of intact and jointed rocks | p. 15 |
| References | p. 16 |
| Shear Behaviour of Clean Rock Joints | p. 17 |
| Introduction | p. 17 |
| CNS and CNL concepts | p. 18 |
| Shear apparatus for laboratory testing | p. 21 |
| Large scale shear boxes | p. 21 |
| Loading device | p. 21 |
| Measurements of displacements | p. 22 |
| Laboratory modelling of rock joints | p. 23 |
| Selection of model material for joint | p. 23 |
| Preparation of saw-tooth and natural specimens | p. 23 |
| Sampling and preparation of field joint specimens | p. 24 |
| Laboratory testing of rock joints | p. 25 |
| Shear strength response under Constant Normal Stiffness | p. 26 |
| Normal stress and dilation behaviour | p. 27 |
| Effect of normal stiffness on joint shear behaviour | p. 28 |
| Effect of stiffness on shear displacement corresponding to peak shear stress | p. 28 |
| Effect of shear rate on the strength of joint | p. 28 |
| Tests on soft rock joints | p. 29 |
| Effect of shear displacement rate | p. 29 |
| Effect of boundary condition on shear behaviour | p. 31 |
| Behaviour of unfilled/clean regular joints under CNS | p. 36 |
| Shear behaviour of natural (field) joints | p. 37 |
| Stress-path response of Type I, II and III joints | p. 42 |
| Strength envelopes for Types I, II and III | p. 44 |
| Empirical models for the prediction of shear strength of rock joints | p. 45 |
| Summary of behaviour of unfilled/clean joints | p. 49 |
| Effect of shear rate on shear behaviour of joints under CNS | p. 49 |
| Effect of boundary condition on shear behaviour | p. 50 |
| Shear behaviour of soft unfilled joint under CNS | p. 51 |
| References | p. 51 |
| Infilled Rock Joint Behaviour | p. 54 |
| Influence of infill on rock joint shear strength | p. 54 |
| Factors controlling infilled joint shear strength | p. 55 |
| Effect of joint type on shear behaviour | p. 56 |
| Infill type and thickness | p. 56 |
| Effect of drainage condition | p. 63 |
| Infill boundary condition | p. 63 |
| Infill-rock interaction | p. 64 |
| Effect of external stiffness | p. 67 |
| Normal stress and lateral confinement | p. 68 |
| Laboratory testing on infilled rock joints | p. 68 |
| Selection of infill material | p. 70 |
| Preparation of infilled joint surface | p. 70 |
| Setting-up the specimen in the shear boxes | p. 71 |
| Application of normal load | p. 71 |
| Shear behaviour of Type I joints | p. 74 |
| Shear behaviour of Type II joints | p. 77 |
| Effect of infill thickness on horizontal displacement corresponding to peak shear stress | p. 77 |
| Effect of infill thickness on stress-path behaviour | p. 81 |
| Effect of infill thickness on peak shear stress | p. 83 |
| Drop in peak shear strength | p. 83 |
| Strength envelope | p. 87 |
| Shear strength model for infilled joints | p. 87 |
| Remarks on infilled joint behaviour | p. 90 |
| References | p. 91 |
| Modelling the Shear Behaviour of Rock Joints | p. 93 |
| Introduction | p. 93 |
| Existing models based on CNS concept | p. 94 |
| Model based on energy balance principles | p. 94 |
| Mechanistically based model | p. 97 |
| Graphical model | p. 98 |
| Analytical model | p. 98 |
| Requirement of a new model | p. 102 |
| New shear strength model for soft rock joints | p. 102 |
| Application of Fourier transform method for predicting unfilled joint dilation | p. 102 |
| Prediction of normal stress with horizontal displacement | p. 104 |
| Prediction of shear stress with horizontal displacement | p. 105 |
| Effect of infill on the shear strength of joint | p. 113 |
| Hyberbolic modelling of strength drop associated with infill thickness | p. 113 |
| Shear strength relationship between unfilled and infilled joints | p. 115 |
| Determination of hyperbolic constants | p. 115 |
| Development of a computer code | p. 119 |
| Comparison between predicted and experimental results | p. 119 |
| Dilation | p. 119 |
| Normal stress | p. 119 |
| Shear stress | p. 124 |
| Strength envelopes | p. 126 |
| Infilled joint strength | p. 127 |
| UDEC analysis of shear behaviour of joints | p. 127 |
| Choice of joint models | p. 127 |
| Continuous yielding model | p. 131 |
| Conceptual CNS shear model | p. 132 |
| CNL direct shear model | p. 133 |
| Discretisation of blocks and applied boundary conditions | p. 133 |
| Results and discussions | p. 135 |
| Summary of shear strength modelling | p. 137 |
| References | p. 138 |
| Simplified Approach for Using CNS Technique in Practice | p. 140 |
| Introduction | p. 140 |
| Underground roadway in jointed rock | p. 140 |
| Boundary conditions | p. 140 |
| Roadway excavation | p. 141 |
| Stability analysis of slope | p. 143 |
| Limit equilibrium analysis (initial condition without bolts) | p. 145 |
| CNS analysis (considering bolt contribution) | p. 146 |
| CNL analysis considering joint contribution | p. 147 |
| Highlights of Rock Joint Behaviour Under CNL and CNS Conditions, and Recommendations for the Future | p. 149 |
| Summary | p. 149 |
| Behaviour of unfilled joints under various rates of shear displacements | p. 150 |
| Behaviour of unfilled joints under CNL and CNS | p. 150 |
| Shear behaviour of unfilled and natural joints under CNS | p. 150 |
| Behaviour of unfilled joints under CNS condition | p. 151 |
| New shear strength model by the authors | p. 151 |
| Recommendations for further study | p. 152 |
| Modifications to laboratory procedures | p. 152 |
| Field mapping | p. 152 |
| Effective stress approach | p. 152 |
| Bolted joints | p. 153 |
| Scale effects | p. 153 |
| Extension in numerical modelling | p. 154 |
| References | p. 154 |
| Program Code for Shear Strength Model | p. 155 |
| Subject Index | p. 163 |
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