| Preface | p. vii |
| About the Editors | p. ix |
| Affiliation of Editors, Coeditors, and Contributors | p. xi |
| Environmental Impacts of Heavy Metals in Agroecosystems and Amelioration Strategies in Oceania | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Background Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Australian and New Zealand Soils | p. 1 |
| Sources of Metals in Agroecosystems | p. 3 |
| Environmental Impact | p. 10 |
| Amelioration Strategies | p. 17 |
| Regulatory Control | p. 28 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 35 |
| References | p. 35 |
| Environmental Concerns of Pesticides in Soil and Groundwater and Management Strategies in Oceania | p. 42 |
| Introduction | p. 42 |
| Usage | p. 43 |
| Behavior and Fate in Soil | p. 50 |
| Pesticide Residues in the Environment | p. 59 |
| Management and Remediation Options | p. 68 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 70 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 70 |
| References | p. 71 |
| Metal Pollution of Soil and Groundwater and Remediation Strategies in Japan | p. 80 |
| Introduction | p. 80 |
| Regulations and Control | p. 81 |
| Metals in Soil, Groundwater, Fertilizers, and Sewage Sludges of Japan | p. 84 |
| Remediation Strategies | p. 87 |
| Daily Intake of Heavy Metals by Japanese | p. 90 |
| Application of Sewage Sludge and Other Biosolids to Land and Heavy Metal Accumulation | p. 91 |
| References | p. 95 |
| Impact of Radionuclides on Soil, Groundwater, and Crops and Radionuclide Cleanup in Japan | p. 96 |
| Introduction | p. 96 |
| Meteorological Data in Japan | p. 97 |
| Fallout Radionuclides ([superscript 137]Cs, [superscript 90]Sr, Pu, etc.) Deposited on Soil | p. 99 |
| Migration of Radionuclides in Soil and Groundwater | p. 101 |
| Transfer of Radionuclides to Crops | p. 108 |
| Decontamination of Radionuclides | p. 118 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 121 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 122 |
| References | p. 122 |
| Effect of Anthropogenic Organic Compounds on the Quality of Soil and Groundwater and Remediation Strategies in Japan | p. 126 |
| Introduction | p. 126 |
| Nationwide Survey Results | p. 127 |
| Site Investigation for Volatile Organochlorines | p. 132 |
| Remediation Technologies for Subsurface Pollution | p. 141 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 147 |
| References | p. 148 |
| Heavy Metal Pollution in Soils and Its Remedial Measures and Restoration in Mainland China | p. 150 |
| Introduction | p. 150 |
| Background Levels of Trace Elements in Soils of China | p. 151 |
| Site Research of Soil Pollution in China | p. 151 |
| Heavy Metal Pollutants and Their Influencing Factors | p. 154 |
| Management Practices for the Mitigation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soils of China | p. 156 |
| Conclusions | p. 163 |
| References | p. 163 |
| Environmental Impacts of Metal and Other Inorganics on Soil and Groundwater in China | p. 167 |
| Introduction | p. 167 |
| Background Values of Elements in Soils of China | p. 168 |
| Soil Loading Capacity for Heavy Metals | p. 171 |
| Forms of Heavy Metals in Soils | p. 179 |
| Heavy Metal Pollution of Soils in China | p. 186 |
| Effect of the Amount of Dissolved Heavy Metals and Enrichment of Other Inorganics in Groundwater on Ecological Environment | p. 193 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 196 |
| References | p. 197 |
| Environmental Problems in Soil and Groundwater Induced by Acid Rain and Management Strategies in China | p. 201 |
| Introduction | p. 201 |
| Acid Rain | p. 201 |
| Acidity and Acidification of Soils | p. 205 |
| Acidification of Groundwater | p. 219 |
| Strategies for Controlling the Acidification of the Soil Environment | p. 221 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 222 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 222 |
| References | p. 222 |
| Dynamics, Fate, and Toxicity of Pesticides in Soil and Groundwater and Remediation Strategies in Mainland China | p. 225 |
| Introduction | p. 225 |
| History of Pesticide Production and Usage in China | p. 226 |
| Dynamics, Fate, and Toxicity of Pesticides in Soil | p. 228 |
| Groundwater Contamination by Pesticides in China | p. 244 |
| Remediation Strategies for Soil and Groundwater Contamination by Pesticides in China | p. 246 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 247 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 248 |
| References | p. 248 |
| Chemical Names of Pesticides Mentioned in Chapter 9 | p. 251 |
| Perspectives of Environmental Pollution in Densely Populated Areas: The Case of Hong Kong | p. 254 |
| Introduction | p. 254 |
| Major Sources of Environmental Pollutants and Control Strategies | p. 256 |
| Effects of Pollution on Groundwater | p. 263 |
| Control and Remediation of Degraded Soil and Land | p. 265 |
| Future Perspectives | p. 267 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 268 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 268 |
| References | p. 268 |
| Environmental Impacts and Management Strategies of Trace Metals in Soil and Groundwater in the Republic of Korea | p. 270 |
| Introduction | p. 270 |
| Present Status and Environmental Impacts of Trace Metals in Korean Soils | p. 271 |
| Management Strategies for Trace Metals in Korean Soils | p. 281 |
| Trace Metals in Groundwater | p. 284 |
| Management Strategies of Trace Metals in Groundwater | p. 285 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 286 |
| References | p. 287 |
| Transport, Residues, and Toxicological Problems of Agrochemicals in Agroecosystems and a Remediation Plan in the Republic of Korea | p. 290 |
| Introduction | p. 290 |
| Changes of the Patterns in Pesticide Use | p. 291 |
| Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Environments | p. 294 |
| Evaluation of the Effects of Pesticide Residues on Agricultural Environment | p. 300 |
| Protection Strategies for Agricultural Ecosystems | p. 312 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 322 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 323 |
| References | p. 323 |
| List of Pesticides Mentioned in Chapter 12 | p. 328 |
| Toxic Metals and Agrochemicals in Soils in Malaysia: Current Problems and Mitigation Plans | p. 330 |
| Introduction | p. 330 |
| Fertilizer and Agrochemical Usage | p. 331 |
| Ecological Problems of Toxic Metals and Agrochemicals | p. 335 |
| Mitigation Plans | p. 342 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 344 |
| References | p. 344 |
| Status of Cadmium, Lead, and Selenium in the Soils of Selected African Countries and Perspectives of Their Effects on Human and Environmental Health | p. 347 |
| Introduction | p. 347 |
| Soil Characteristics in Five Selected African Countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Sierra Leone, and Tanzania) | p. 348 |
| Status of Cadmium, Lead, and Selenium in the Soils of Selected African Countries | p. 349 |
| Status of Cadmium | p. 351 |
| Status of Lead | p. 354 |
| Status of Selenium | p. 358 |
| Sources, Forms, and Distribution of Cadmium and Human Exposure to It | p. 362 |
| Environmental Aspects of Cadmium | p. 364 |
| Sources, Forms, and Distribution of Lead and Human Exposure to It | p. 364 |
| Environmental Aspects of Lead | p. 367 |
| Sources, Forms, and Distribution of Selenium and Human Exposure to It | p. 367 |
| Summary and Conclusions/Recommendations | p. 369 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 372 |
| References | p. 373 |
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