At a Glance
Paperback
536 Pages
536 Pages
Dimensions(cm)
23.06 x 15.8 x 3.3
23.06 x 15.8 x 3.3
Paperback
$178.11
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This is an introductory textbook on spherical and positional astronomy. It is entirely suitable for use by students with no prior knowledge of classical astronomy. At the same time, it is sufficiently comprehensive to make it a useful background reference book for anyone engaged in practical astronomy. The first three chapters sketch essential background: mathematical techniques and coordinate systems. Successive chapters then give treatments of refraction, aberration, stellar parallex, precession, nutation and proper motion. An entire chapter is devoted to astrographic plate measurements. The gravitational two-body problem is solved and applied to solar system dynamics. Novel areas include a full treatment of binary star orbits and two chapters on developments in radio astronomy. Worked examples and problems to be solved by the reader ensure that this is a valuable textbook.
Preface | p. xi |
Basic formulae | |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Spherical geometry - great circle arcs | p. 1 |
Spherical polar coordinates | p. 6 |
Spherical trigonometry - basic formulae | p. 8 |
Terrestrial latitude and longitude | p. 12 |
Right ascension and declination | p. 14 |
The displacement of a star on the celestial sphere | p. 16 |
The celestial sphere | |
Introduction | p. 22 |
The alt-azimuth system | p. 23 |
Hour angle and declination | p. 25 |
Sidereal time and right ascension | p. 30 |
The ecliptic and ecliptic coordinates | p. 32 |
Apparent and mean solar time | p. 35 |
Galactic coordinates | p. 40 |
Setting a telescope | p. 43 |
The reference frame | |
Inertial frames of reference | p. 48 |
Precession, nutation and proper motion | p. 49 |
The origin of the reference frame | p. 58 |
Selective review of special relativity | p. 62 |
General relativity | p. 70 |
General relativistic treatment of parallax, aberration and light deflection | p. 75 |
Geocentric coordinates | |
Introduction | p. 82 |
Approximate refraction formulae | p. 82 |
Refraction in a radially symmetric atmosphere | p. 87 |
The refraction constants and refraction tables | p. 93 |
Geocentric coordinates of the observer | p. 96 |
Geocentric parallax | p. 101 |
The effect of geocentric parallax on right ascension and declination | p. 106 |
Diurnal aberration | p. 109 |
Direct measurements of right ascension and declination | |
Introduction | p. 113 |
Errors of the meridian circle | p. 114 |
The removal of instrumental effects | p. 117 |
Reduction to the apparent place | p. 122 |
Polar motion | p. 124 |
The Danjon astrolabe and the photographic-zenith tube | p. 128 |
Two-body orbital motion | |
Basic equations | p. 137 |
Kepler's equation for a bound orbit | p. 139 |
Kepler's three laws | p. 143 |
The solution of Kepler's equation | p. 144 |
The equation of the centre | p. 147 |
Components of a planet's velocity | p. 148 |
Elliptic and hyperbolic orbits | p. 149 |
Comparison of general relativity with Newtonian theory | p. 151 |
The Kepler solution in general relativity | p. 153 |
The relativistic advance of perihelion | p. 156 |
Planetary and satellite orbits | |
The orbit in space | p. 162 |
Calculation of an ephemeris | p. 165 |
Planetary masses | p. 167 |
Planetary perturbations | p. 169 |
The orbit of the moon | p. 171 |
Calculation of osculating elements | p. 176 |
Preliminary orbit determination | p. 178 |
Heliocentric and barycentric coordinates | |
Introduction | p. 184 |
The motion of the earth | p. 184 |
Annual parallax | p. 187 |
Annual aberration | p. 189 |
Low precision formulae for parallax and aberration | p. 190 |
Planetary aberration | p. 193 |
General relativistic light deflection | p. 196 |
The direction of the null geodesic | p. 200 |
Relativistic derivation of the apparent place of a star | p. 202 |
Summary | p. 204 |
Precession and nutation | |
Introduction | p. 208 |
Luni-solar precession | p. 208 |
Planetary precession | p. 211 |
General precession | p. 214 |
Rigorous formulae | p. 217 |
Rotation matrices | p. 220 |
Approximate formulae | p. 222 |
Nutation | p. 225 |
The effect of nutation on a star's coordinates | p. 230 |
Time | |
Astronomical and physical concepts of time | p. 236 |
Sidereal and solar time | p. 240 |
Ephemeris and universal time | p. 242 |
Modern dynamical time-scales | p. 245 |
The Julian and the Besselian year | p. 249 |
Ephemeris transit | p. 251 |
Proper and coordinate time | p. 253 |
The computation of light-time - radar delays | p. 255 |
Proper motion and radial velocity | |
Components of stellar motion | p. 259 |
Intrinsic changes in proper motion | p. 262 |
Precessional changes in proper motion | p. 265 |
Barycentric radial velocity | p. 268 |
Pulsar timing | p. 271 |
The red-shift in general relativity | p. 272 |
Systematic effects in proper motion and radial velocity | p. 276 |
The cosmological red-shift | p. 279 |
Mean and apparent coordinates | |
Terminology | p. 284 |
The annual and secular variations | p. 286 |
A star's true place | p. 288 |
A star's apparent place | p. 290 |
Vector derivation of a star's apparent place | p. 295 |
The apparent place of a planet | p. 299 |
Star catalogues | p. 303 |
Astrographic plate measurements | |
Central projection | p. 307 |
Standard coordinates | p. 310 |
Centring error | p. 313 |
Refraction and annual aberration | p. 315 |
The plate constants | p. 319 |
Principles of plate reduction | p. 322 |
The method of dependences | p. 325 |
Direct use of rectangular coordinates | p. 328 |
Stellar distances and movements | |
Some astrophysical background | p. 333 |
Measurement of parallax and proper motion | p. 339 |
Distances of nearby stars | p. 342 |
The solar motion | p. 346 |
Statistical parallax | p. 350 |
Galactic coordinates | p. 353 |
Oort's constants | p. 356 |
The effect of galactic rotation on proper motions | p. 358 |
Elements of radio astronomy | |
Introduction | p. 362 |
Radio interferometry | p. 366 |
A radio transit instrument | p. 370 |
Phase ambiguity | p. 372 |
North-south interferometer | p. 374 |
The interferometer of general orientation | p. 378 |
Polar motion | p. 380 |
Aperture synthesis | p. 382 |
Rotational synthesis | p. 385 |
Radio astrometry | |
Introduction | p. 389 |
Twelve-hour connected interferometry | p. 390 |
Very long baseline interferometry | p. 392 |
Source directions and baseline vectors | p. 397 |
Media effects | p. 400 |
Relativistic effects | p. 405 |
The radio and stellar reference frames | p. 409 |
Planetary phenomena and surface coordinates | |
The apparent motion of an inferior planet | p. 415 |
The apparent motion of a superior planet | p. 418 |
Stationary points | p. 420 |
Planetary phases | p. 422 |
Planetographic coordinates | p. 425 |
Planetographic coordinates of a point on the disc | p. 429 |
Heliographic coordinates | p. 430 |
Heliographic coordinates of a sunspot | p. 433 |
Selenographic coordinates | p. 434 |
Eclipses and occultations | |
Classification of eclipses | p. 439 |
Conditions for a lunar eclipse | p. 441 |
Conditions for a solar eclipse | p. 443 |
Ecliptic limits | p. 444 |
Frequency and recurrence of eclipses | p. 448 |
Besselian elements of a solar eclipse | p. 450 |
Solar eclipse calculations | p. 453 |
Eclipse magnitudes | p. 457 |
Occultations by the moon | p. 459 |
Binary stars | |
Introduction | p. 465 |
Orbital elements of a binary system | p. 467 |
The Thiele-Innes method | p. 470 |
The Lehmann-Filhes method | p. 474 |
The masses of visual binaries | p. 478 |
Spectroscopic binary masses | p. 481 |
The binary pulsar | p. 484 |
Tensor methods | |
Introduction | p. 491 |
Tensors | p. 493 |
The metrical tensor | p. 496 |
Geodesics | p. 498 |
Curved spacetimes | p. 499 |
Astronomical constants | |
Fundamental constants | p. 502 |
Planetary data | p. 503 |
Answers to the numerical problems | |
References | p. 509 |
Index | p. 511 |
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780521317795
ISBN-10: 0521317797
Published: 31st October 1985
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number of Pages: 536
Audience: College, Tertiary and University
Publisher: CAMBRIDGE UNIV PR
Country of Publication: GB
Dimensions (cm): 23.06 x 15.8 x 3.3
Weight (kg): 0.8
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