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586 Pages
23.39 x 15.6 x 3.18
Hardcover
$310.47
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Industry Reviews
From the reviews:
"The book is devoted to stochastic global optimization methods. ... The book is primarily addressed to scientists and students from the physical and engineering sciences but may also be useful to a larger community interested in stochastic methods of global optimization." (A. H. Zilinskas, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2007 i)
"This book provides a rich collection of stochastic optimization algorithms and heuristics that cope with optimization issues. ... In summary, this is a good book on stochastic optimization. It is important book of any engineering library or laboratory. In my opinion, this book may be used as a quick reference for sophisticated scholars, or as an introductory book for students who are interested in an overview of the state-of-the-art mechanisms in this field." (Wei Yen, Computing Reviews, December, 2007)
"This book presents a compendium of Stochastic Optimisation concerned with the use of heuristics mainly including Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. It is divided into 3 parts. ... 216 references are listed. They cover the main existing results in the theme. I consider that an outstanding feature of the book is its successful synthesis of giving in an 'altogether' curve information needed for being comfortable with the realms of heuristic algorithms. I warmly recommended it for specialists working in optimization." (Carlos Narciso Bouza Herrera, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1116 (18), 2007)
Theory | |
Overview of Stochastic Optimization Algorithms | |
General Remarks | p. 3 |
Why Optimize Things? | p. 3 |
Moral Aspects of Optimization | p. 4 |
How To Think About It | p. 5 |
Minima, Maxima, and Extrema | p. 6 |
What Is So Hard About Optimization? | p. 6 |
Algorithms, Heuristics, Metaheuristics | p. 7 |
Exact Optimization Algorithms for Simple Problems | p. 9 |
A Simple Example-Exact Optimization in One Dimension | p. 9 |
Newton-Raphson Method | p. 10 |
Descent Methods in More Than One Dimension | p. 12 |
Conjugate Gradients | p. 13 |
Exact Optimization Algorithms for Complex Problems | p. 15 |
Simplex Algorithm | p. 15 |
Integer Optimization | p. 20 |
Branch & Bound | p. 21 |
Branch & Cut | p. 24 |
Monte Carlo | p. 31 |
Pseudorandom Numbers | p. 31 |
Random Number Generation and Random Number Tests | p. 32 |
Transformation of Random Numbers | p. 37 |
Example: Calculation of [pi] with MC | p. 42 |
Overview of Optimization Heuristics | p. 43 |
Necessity of Heuristics | p. 43 |
Construction Heuristics | p. 44 |
Markovian Improvement Heuristics | p. 45 |
Set-Based Improvement Heuristics | p. 46 |
Implementation of Constraints | p. 49 |
Moves, Constraints, Deadlines | p. 49 |
Incorporation into the Configurations | p. 49 |
Consideration of Feasible Solutions Only | p. 50 |
Penalty Functions | p. 50 |
Parallelization Strategies | p. 53 |
Parallelization Models and Computer Architectures | p. 53 |
Running Several Copies | p. 54 |
Divide et Impera | p. 54 |
Information Exchange | p. 56 |
Construction Heuristics | p. 59 |
General Outline of Construction Heuristics | p. 59 |
Insertion Heuristics | p. 60 |
Savings Heuristics | p. 61 |
More Intelligent Ways of Construction | p. 61 |
Markovian Improvement Heuristics | p. 63 |
Constructing a Markov Chain | p. 63 |
Trivial Acceptance Functions | p. 64 |
Introduction of a Control Parameter | p. 65 |
Heat Bath Approach | p. 66 |
Local Search | p. 69 |
Classic Local Search Approach | p. 69 |
Problems of the Local Search Approach | p. 70 |
Larger Moves | p. 70 |
Jumping Between Different Move Sizes | p. 71 |
Ruin & Recreate | p. 73 |
The Philosophy of Building One's Own Castle | p. 73 |
Outline of Approach | p. 73 |
Discussion of Ruin & Recreate | p. 76 |
Ruin & Recreate as a Self-Contained Optimization Algorithm | p. 77 |
Simulated Annealing | p. 79 |
Physical and Historical Background | p. 79 |
Derivation of Simulated Annealing | p. 81 |
Thermal Expectation Values | p. 85 |
Inverse Simulated Annealing | p. 88 |
Threshold Accepting and Other Algorithms Related to Simulated Annealing | p. 89 |
Threshold Accepting | p. 89 |
The Steady-State Equilibrium Characteristics of TA | p. 91 |
Methods Based on the Tsallis Statistics | p. 96 |
The Great Deluge Algorithm | p. 100 |
Changing the Energy Landscape | p. 103 |
Search Space Smoothing | p. 103 |
Ant Lion Heuristics and Activation Relaxation Technique | p. 108 |
Noising or Permutation of System Parts | p. 111 |
Weight Annealing | p. 112 |
Estimation of Expectation Values | p. 115 |
Simple Sampling | p. 115 |
Biased Sampling | p. 115 |
Importance Sampling | p. 116 |
Parallel Sampling | p. 117 |
Cooling Techniques | p. 119 |
Standard Cooling Schedules | p. 119 |
Nonmonotonic Cooling Schedules | p. 122 |
Ensemble Based Schedules | p. 126 |
Simulated Tempering and Parallel Tempering | p. 130 |
Estimation of Calculation Time Needed | p. 135 |
Exponentially Growing Space Size | p. 135 |
Polynomial Approach | p. 135 |
Grest Hypothesis | p. 135 |
Weakening the Pure Markovian Approach | p. 137 |
Saving the Best-So-Far Solution and Spinoffs at Good Solutions | p. 137 |
Record-to-Record Travel | p. 138 |
Stochastic Tunneling | p. 139 |
Changing the Cooling Schedule Due to Intermediate Results | p. 139 |
Neural Networks | p. 143 |
Biological Motivation | p. 143 |
Artificial Neural Networks | p. 145 |
The Hopfield Model | p. 149 |
Kohonen Networks | p. 154 |
Genetic Algorithms and Evolution Strategies | p. 157 |
Charles Darwin's Natural Selection | p. 157 |
Mutations and Crossovers | p. 158 |
Application to Optimization Problems | p. 161 |
Parallel Applications | p. 166 |
Optimization Algorithms Inspired by Social Animals | p. 169 |
Inspiration by the Behavior of Animals | p. 169 |
Ant Colony Optimization | p. 169 |
Particle Swarm Optimization | p. 171 |
Fighting and Ranking | p. 172 |
Optimization Algorithms Based on Multiagent Systems | p. 175 |
Motivation | p. 175 |
Simulated Trading | p. 176 |
Selfish vs. Global Optimization | p. 178 |
Introduction of a Social Temperature | p. 179 |
Tabu Search | p. 181 |
Tabu | p. 181 |
Use of Memory | p. 182 |
Aspiration | p. 183 |
Intensification and Diversification | p. 183 |
Histogram Algorithms | p. 185 |
Guided Local Search | p. 185 |
Multicanonical Algorithm | p. 186 |
MUCAREM and REMUCA | p. 192 |
Multicanonical Annealing | p. 192 |
Searching for Backbones | p. 193 |
Comparing Different Good Solutions | p. 193 |
Determining the Backbone | p. 194 |
Outline of the SFB Algorithm | p. 195 |
Discussion of the Algorithm | p. 196 |
Applications | |
General Remarks | p. 201 |
Dealing with a Proposed Optimization Problem | p. 201 |
Programming Languages and Parallelization Libraries | p. 202 |
Optimization Libraries | p. 204 |
Difficulty of Comparing Various Algorithms | p. 205 |
The Traveling Salesman Problem | |
The Traveling Salesman Problem | p. 211 |
The Task of the Traveling Salesman | p. 211 |
Distance Metrics | p. 211 |
The Dijkstra Algorithm | p. 212 |
Various Possible Codings | p. 215 |
Four Approaches to the TSP | p. 218 |
Benchmark Instances | p. 219 |
Bounds for the Optimum Solution | p. 223 |
The Misfit: A Frustration Measure | p. 225 |
Order Parameters for the TSP | p. 226 |
Short History of TSP | p. 229 |
Extensions of Traveling Salesman Problem | p. 233 |
Temporal Constraints | p. 233 |
Vehicle Routing Problems | p. 234 |
Probabilistic Models and Online Optimization | p. 239 |
Supply Chain Management | p. 240 |
Application of Construction Heuristics to TSP | p. 243 |
Nearest Neighbor Heuristic | p. 243 |
Insertion Heuristics | p. 246 |
Using Deeper Insight into the Problem | p. 251 |
The Savings Heuristic | p. 255 |
Local Search Concepts Applied to TSP | p. 263 |
Initialization Routine | p. 263 |
Small Moves | p. 265 |
Computational Results for Greedy Algorithm | p. 269 |
Local Search as Afterburner for Construction Heuristics | p. 272 |
Next Larger Moves Applied to TSP | p. 275 |
Lin-3-Opts | p. 275 |
Higher-Order Lin-n-Opts | p. 277 |
Computational Results for the Greedy Algorithm | p. 283 |
Combination of Moves of Various Sizes | p. 285 |
Ruin & Recreate Applied to TSP | p. 287 |
Application of Ruin & Recreate | p. 287 |
Analysis of R & R Moves in RW and GRE Modes | p. 290 |
Ruin & Recreate as Self-Contained Algorithm | p. 294 |
Discussion of Application Possibilities of Ruin & Recreate | p. 296 |
Application of Simulated Annealing to TSP | p. 299 |
Simulated Annealing for the TSP | p. 299 |
Computational Results for Observables of Interest | p. 302 |
Computational Results for Acceptance Rates | p. 306 |
Quality of the Results Achieved with Various Computing Times | p. 310 |
Dependencies of SA Results on Moves and Cooling Process | p. 315 |
Results for Various Small Moves | p. 315 |
Results for Monotonous Cooling Schedules | p. 318 |
Results for Bouncing | p. 324 |
Results for Parallel Tempering | p. 334 |
Application to TSP of Algorithms Related to Simulated Annealing | p. 341 |
Computational Results for Threshold Accepting | p. 341 |
Computational Results for Penna Criterion | p. 347 |
Computational Results for Great Deluge Algorithm | p. 350 |
Computational Results for Record-to-Record Travel | p. 359 |
Application of Search Space Smoothing to TSP | p. 367 |
A Small Toy Problem | p. 367 |
Gu and Huang Approach | p. 369 |
Effect of Numerical Precision on Smoothing | p. 383 |
Smoothing with Finite Numerical Precision Only | p. 386 |
Further Techniques Changing the Energy Landscape of a TSP | p. 389 |
The Convex-Concave Approach to Search Space Smoothing | p. 389 |
Noising the System | p. 397 |
Weight Annealing | p. 399 |
Final Remarks on Application of Changing Techniques | p. 403 |
Application of Neural Networks to TSP | p. 405 |
Application of a Hopfield Network | p. 405 |
Computational Results for the Hopfield Network | p. 407 |
Application of a Kohonen Network | p. 408 |
Computational Results for a Kohonen Network | p. 409 |
Application of Genetic Algorithms to TSP | p. 415 |
Mutations | p. 415 |
Crossovers | p. 416 |
Natural Selection | p. 419 |
Computational Results | p. 420 |
Social Animal Algorithms Applied to TSP | p. 423 |
Application of Ant Colony Optimization | p. 423 |
Computational Results | p. 426 |
Application of Bird Flock Model | p. 428 |
Computational Results | p. 429 |
Simulated Trading Applied to TSP | p. 431 |
Application of Simulated Trading to the TSP | p. 431 |
Computational Results | p. 435 |
Discussion of Simulated Trading | p. 438 |
Simulated Trading and Working | p. 438 |
Tabu Search Applied to TSP | p. 441 |
Definition of a Tabu List | p. 441 |
Introduction of Short-Term Memory | p. 444 |
Adding some Aspiration | p. 445 |
Adding Intensification and Diversification | p. 445 |
Application of History Algorithms to TSP | p. 449 |
The Multicanonical Algorithm | p. 449 |
Multicanonical Annealing | p. 452 |
Acceptance Simulated Annealing | p. 455 |
Guided Local Search | p. 464 |
Application of Searching for Backbones to TSP | p. 471 |
Definition of a Backbone | p. 471 |
Application to the Completely Asymmetric TSP | p. 475 |
Application to Partially Asymmetric TSP | p. 477 |
Computational Results | p. 478 |
Simulating Various Types of Government with Searching for Backbones | p. 489 |
An Aristocratic Approach | p. 489 |
A Democratic Approach | p. 491 |
Solution of the PCB442 Problem | p. 492 |
Can Humans Do This, Too? | p. 496 |
The Constraint Satisfaction Problem | |
The Constraint Satisfaction Problem | p. 501 |
Sources of Constraint Satisfaction Problems | p. 501 |
Benchmarks and Competitions | p. 503 |
Randomly Generated Models and Their Complexity | p. 504 |
Randomly Generated Models and Their Phase Diagrams | p. 506 |
Mixtures of easy and hard CSPs | p. 510 |
Construction Heuristics for CSP | p. 513 |
Application of the Bestinsertion Heuristic to the 3-SAT Problem | p. 513 |
Assertion, Decimation, and Resolution | p. 517 |
Analyzable Assertion Protocols | p. 517 |
Solution Space Structure of XOR-SAT | p. 519 |
Random Local Iterative Search Heuristics | p. 523 |
RWalkSAT | p. 523 |
WalkSAT | p. 524 |
Simulated Annealing | p. 526 |
Belief Propagation and Survey Propagation | p. 529 |
Belief Propagation, Message Passing, and Cavities | p. 529 |
Message Passing as Side Information for Decimation | p. 531 |
Belief Propagation and Sudoku | p. 534 |
Outlook | |
Future Outlook of Optimization Business | p. 539 |
P = NP? | p. 539 |
Quantum Computing | p. 540 |
DNA Computing | p. 541 |
How Will the Problems Evolve? | p. 544 |
Acknowledgments | p. 547 |
References | p. 551 |
Index | p. 563 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9783540345596
ISBN-10: 3540345590
Series: Scientific Computation
Published: 1st November 2006
Format: Hardcover
Language: English
Number of Pages: 586
Audience: College, Tertiary and University
Publisher: Springer Nature B.V.
Country of Publication: DE
Dimensions (cm): 23.39 x 15.6 x 3.18
Weight (kg): 1.09
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