The Economics of Sustainable Urban Water Management: the Case of Beijing

INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problems in Cities 1.2 Water Scarcity in Beijing 1.3 Chinese Urban Water Management 1.3.1 Technological measures 1.3.2 Water governance structures 1.3.3 New policies 1.4 Economics for Sustainable Urban Water Management 1.5 Research Objectives 1.6 Research Methodology 1.6.1 Evaluation framework 1.6.2 About the data 1.7 Economic Theory 1.8 Research Outline FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER REUSE SYSTEMS 2.1 Introduction 2.2 About the Decentralized Wastewater Reuse Plants 2.2.1 The Qingzhiyuan (Qing) plant 2.2.2 The Beijing Normal University (BNU) plant 2.3 Financial Analysis 2.4 Economic Analysis 2.5 Results 2.5.1 Results of economic and financial analysis 2.5.2 Further discussion of the results 2.6 Conclusions Notes FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CENTRALIZED WASTEWATER REUSE SYSTEMS AND COMPARISON BETWEEN CENTRALIZED AND DECENTRALIZED SYSTEMS 3.1 Introduction 3.2 About the Centralized Wastewater Reuse Plants 3.2.1 The Gaobeidian (Gao) plant 3.2.2 The Jiuxianqiao (Jiu) plant 3.3 Financial and Economic Analysis of Centralized Wastewater Reuse Systems 3.3.1 Financial analysis 3.3.2 Economic analysis 3.3.3 Results of financial and economic analysis 3.3.4 Conclusions of financial and economic analysis 3.4 Comparison between Decentralized and Centralized Wastewater Reuse Systems 3.4.1 Financial and economic feasibility 3.4.2 Environmental and social effects 3.4.3 Initial investments 3.4.4 About O&M cost 3.4.5 Cost recovery 3.5 Conclusions Notes ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS 4.1 Introduction 4.2 About the Rainwater Harvesting Systems 4.3 Methodology 4.3.1 Economic analysis 4.3.2 Financial analysis 4.4 Results of Economic Analysis 4.5 Results of Financial Analysis 4.5.1 Comparison between the three options 4.5.2 Further discussion 4.6 Conclusions Notes GROUNDWATER CHARGE AND RAINWATER CONSUMPTION FOR AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT 5.1 Introduction 5.2 A Theoretical Analysis using Graphs 5.3 Linear Programming 5.3.1 Data 5.3.2 Linear programming model 5.3.3 Graphical solution of linear programming 5.3.4 Optimal threshold and groundwater charge 5.4 Conclusions Notes DECISIVE FACTORS AFFECTING THE OPERATION OF RAINWATER HARVESTING PLANTS 6.1 Introduction 6.2 A Concise Overview of the Cases 6.3 Chosen Factors 6.3.1 Ownership 6.3.2 Farmers' perception of rainwater 6.3.3 Doubts about rainwater quality 6.3.4 Location 6.3.5 Availability of groundwater 6.3.6 Size of storage tank 6.3.7 Irrigation methods 6.3.8 Technical problems 6.3.9 Subsidies for initial investment 6.3.10 Subsidies for operation and maintenance 6.4 Rough Set Analysis 6.5 Discussion of Results 6.6 Conclusions Notes CONCLUSIONS 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Summary of Contents and Findings 7.3 Conclusions 7.4 Contributions of the Research References