The gm/ID Methodology, a sizing tool for low-voltage analog CMOS Circuits

Preface. Notations. 1. Sizing the Intrinsic Gain Stage. 1.1 The intrinsic Gain Stage. 1.2 The I.G.S frequency response. 1.3 Sizing the I.G.S. 1.4 The gm/ID sizing methodology. 1.5 Conclusions. 2. The Charge Sheet Model revisited. 2.1 Why the Charge Sheet Model? 2.2 The generic drain current equation. 2.3 The C.S.M drain current equation. 2.4 Common source characteristics. 2.5 Weak inversion approximation. 2.6 The gm/ID ratio in the common source configuration. 2.7 Common gate characteristic of the Saturated Transistor. 2.8 A few concluding remarks concerning the C.S.M. 3. Graphical interpretation of the Charge Sheet Model. 3.1 A graphical representation of ID. 3.2 More on the VT curve. 3.3 Two approximate representations of VT. 3.4 A few examples illustrating the use of the graphical construction. 3.5 A closer look to the pinch-off region. 3.6 Conclusions. 4. Compact modeling. 4.1 The basic compact model. 4.2 The E.K.V model. 4.3 The common source characteristics ID(VG). 4.4 Strong and weak inversion asymptotic approximations derived from the compact model. 4.5 Checking the compact model against the C.S.M. 4.6 Evaluation of gm/ID. 4.7 Sizing the Intrinsic Gain Stage by means of the E.K.V. model. 4.8 The common gate gms/ID ratio. 4.9 An earlier compact model. 4.10 Modelling mobility degradation. 4.11 Conclusions. 5. The real transistor. 5.1 Short channel effects. 5.2 Checking the assumption by means of 'experimental' evidence. 5.3 Compact model parameters versus bias and gate length. 5.4 Reconstructing ID(VDS) characteristics. 5.5 Evaluation of gx/ID ratios. 5.6 Conclusions. 6. The real Intrinsic Gain Stage. 6.1 The dependence on bias conditions of the gm/ID and gd/ID ratios. 6.2 Sizing the I.G.S with semi-empirical data. 6.3 Model driven sizing of the I.G.S. 6.4 Slew-rate considerations. 6.5 Conclusions. 7. The common gate configuration. 7.1 Drain current versus source-to-substrate voltage. 7.2 The cascoded Intrinsic Gain Stage. 8. Sizing the Miller Op. Amp. 8.1 Introductary considerations. 8.2 The Miller Op. Amp. 8.3 Sizing the Miller Operational Amplifier. 8.4 Conclusion. Annex 1. How to utilize the C.D. ROM data. Annex 2. The MATLAB toolbox. Annex 3. Temperature and Mismatch, from C.S.M. to E.K.V. Annex 4. E.K.V. intrinsic capacitance models. Bibliography. Index.