Acknowledgements | p. xi |
Introduction | p. xiii |
The Qur'an in its context | p. 1 |
The world of the Prophet Muhammad | p. 3 |
Prophet Muhammad's life as part of the context | p. 6 |
Socio-historical context and cultural language | p. 11 |
Ethical language of the Qur'an: context and women | p. 13 |
Intellectual currents that influenced Muslim engagement with the Qur'an | p. 15 |
Summary | p. 18 |
Recommended reading | p. 18 |
Notes | p. 19 |
Revelation and the Qur'an | p. 21 |
The nature of revelation | p. 22 |
Forms of revelation in the Islamic context | p. 24 |
Revelation: God's speech in human language | p. 27 |
The Qur'an as purely divine revelation | p. 29 |
Spoken word and written word | p. 30 |
Revelation and interpretation | p. 30 |
Towards a broader understanding of revelation | p. 31 |
Levels of revelation of the Qur'an | p. 32 |
Summary | p. 33 |
Recommended reading | p. 34 |
Notes | p. 34 |
The Qur'an as scripture | p. 37 |
Structure of the Qur'an | p. 38 |
Compiling the Qur'an as a single text | p. 42 |
Challenges by Western scholars of the Qur'an | p. 47 |
Evolution of the script of the Qur'an and its presentation | p. 50 |
The nature of the Qur'anic text: the idea of inimitability | p. 52 |
Connection between the Qur'an and the traditions of the Prophet | p. 54 |
Summary | p. 56 |
Recommended reading | p. 56 |
Notes | p. 57 |
Major themes and text types | p. 61 |
God | p. 62 |
Spiritual beings | p. 64 |
Satan - the symbol of evil and disobedience | p. 64 |
Creation | p. 65 |
Earlier prophetic figures | p. 66 |
Faith and other religions | p. 69 |
Historical events of the Prophet's time | p. 70 |
Life after death | p. 72 |
Human behaviour | p. 73 |
Types of texts in the Qur'an | p. 74 |
Summary | p. 79 |
Recommended reading | p. 79 |
Notes | p. 80 |
The Qur'an in daily life | p. 83 |
Reciting the Qur'an | p. 85 |
Handling the Qur'an | p. 87 |
Ritual purity and cleanliness | p. 88 |
Desecration of the Qur'an | p. 91 |
Qur'anic texts and calligraphy | p. 92 |
Summary | p. 93 |
Recommended reading | p. 93 |
Notes | p. 94 |
Western scholarship and the Qur'an | p. 97 |
Early Western scholarship on Islam and the Qur'an | p. 99 |
Later Western scholarship on Islam and the Qur'an | p. 102 |
Contemporary Western scholarship on Islam and the Qur'an | p. 105 |
Summary | p. 113 |
Recommended reading | p. 113 |
Notes | p. 114 |
Translation of the Qur'an | p. 119 |
Early Muslim interest in Qur'anic translation | p. 120 |
Non-Muslims and translation of the Qur'an | p. 121 |
Muslims and translation of the Qur'an | p. 123 |
Muslim discourse on translation | p. 126 |
Translation: a case study | p. 129 |
Some commonly available translations of the Qur'an in English | p. 133 |
Translations of the Qur'an on the Internet | p. 137 |
Summary | p. 139 |
Notes | p. 139 |
The Qur'an and other scriptures | p. 143 |
Muslim understandings of scripture | p. 145 |
Jewish and Christian scriptures in the Qur'an | p. 146 |
Muslim views on 'distortion' of Jewish and Christian scriptures | p. 147 |
Scholarly engagement with Jewish and Christian sources | p. 150 |
Muslim attitudes to Jewish and Christian scriptures | p. 152 |
Summary | p. 156 |
Recommended reading | p. 156 |
Notes | p. 157 |
Ethico-legal teachings | p. 161 |
Scripture and religious law | p. 162 |
Types of ethico-legal texts in the Qur'an | p. 163 |
Adaptability of ethico-legal teachings | p. 170 |
Summary | p. 172 |
Recommended reading | p. 173 |
Notes | p. 174 |
Selected exegetical principles and ideas | p. 177 |
Tradition- or reason-based exegesis | p. 178 |
Selected principles in Qur'anic exegesis | p. 182 |
Summary | p. 189 |
Recommended reading | p. 189 |
Notes | p. 190 |
Approaches to Qur'anic exegesis | p. 193 |
Early exegesis | p. 194 |
Three broad trends of exegesis | p. 196 |
Other key trends | p. 202 |
Exegesis in the modern period | p. 208 |
Summary | p. 214 |
Recommended reading | p. 215 |
Notes | p. 216 |
Modern interpretation of the Qur'an | p. 219 |
Differences between textualists and contextualists | p. 220 |
Fazlur Rahman | p. 222 |
Amina Wadud | p. 225 |
Muhammad Shahrour | p. 226 |
Mohammed Arkoun | p. 227 |
Khaled Abou El Fadl | p. 228 |
Summary | p. 231 |
Recommended reading | p. 231 |
Notes | p. 232 |
Glossary | p. 235 |
Bibliography | p. 243 |
Index | p. 257 |
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